Bhagavadgita 15
with the commentaries of Sridhara, Visvanatha and Baladeva
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| description: | multibyte sequence: |
| long a | ā |
| long A | Ā |
| long i | ī |
| long I | Ī |
| long u | ū |
| long U | Ū |
| vocalic r | ṛ |
| vocalic R | Ṛ |
| long vocalic r | ṝ |
| vocalic l | ḷ |
| vocalic L | Ḷ |
| long vocalic l | ḹ |
| velar n | ṅ |
| velar N | Ṅ |
| palatal n | ñ |
| palatal N | Ñ |
| retroflex t | ṭ |
| retroflex T | Ṭ |
| retroflex d | ḍ |
| retroflex D | Ḍ |
| retroflex n | ṇ |
| retroflex N | Ṇ |
| palatal s | ś |
| palatal S | Ś |
| retroflex s | ṣ |
| retroflex S | Ṣ |
| anusvara | ṃ |
| visarga | ḥ |
| long e | ē |
| long o | ō |
| l underbar | ḻ |
| r underbar | ṟ |
| n underbar | ṉ |
| k underbar | ḵ |
| t underbar | ṯ |
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BhG 15.1
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
ūrdhva-mūlam adhaḥ-śākham aśvatthaṃ prāhur avyayam |
chandāṃsi yasya parṇāni yas taṃ veda sa veda-vit ||1||
śrīdharaḥ :
vairāgyeṇa vinā jñānaṃ na ca bhaktir ataḥ sphuṭam |
vairāgyopaskṛtaṃ jñānam īśaḥ pañcadaśe 'diśat ||
pūrvādhyānte māṃ ca yo 'vyabhicāreṇa bhakti-yogena sevate [Gītā 14.26] ity ādinā parameśvaram ekānta-bhaktyā bhajatas tat-prasāda-labdha-jñānena brahma-bhāvo bhavatīty uktam | na caikānta-bhaktiḥ jñānaṃ cāviraktasya sambhavatīti vairāgya-pūrvakaṃ jñānam upadeṣṭu-kāmaḥ prathamaṃ tāvat sārdha-ślokābhyāṃ saṃsāra-svarūpaṃ vṛkṣa-rūpakālaṅkāreṇa varṇayan bhagavān uvāca ūrdhva-mūlam iti | ūrdhvam uttamaḥ kṣarākṣarābhyām utkṛṣṭaḥ puruṣottamo mūlaṃ yasya tam | adha iti tato 'rvācīnāṃ kāryopādhayo hiraṇyagarbhādayo gṛhyante | te tu śākhā iva śākhā yasya tam | vinaśvaratvena śvaḥ prabhāta-paryantam api na sthāsyatīti viśvāsānarhatvād aśvatthaṃ prāhuḥ | pravāha-rūpeṇāvicchedād avyayaṃ ca prāhuḥ | ūrdhva-mūlo 'vāk-śākha eṣo
'śvatthaḥ sanātana [KaṭhU 2.3.1] ity ādyāḥ śrutayaḥ | chandāṃsi vedā yasya parṇāni dharmādharma-pratipādana-dvāreṇa cchāyā-sthānīyaiḥ karma-phalaiḥ saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya sarva-jīvāśrayaṇīyatva-pratipādanāt parṇa-sthānīyā vedāḥ | yas tam evambhūtam aśvatthaṃ veda sa eva vedārtha-vit | saṃsāra-prapañca-vṛkṣasya mūlam īśvaraḥ | brahmādayas tad-aṃśāḥ śākhā-sthānīyāḥ | sa ca saṃsāra-vṛkso vinaśvaraḥ | pravāha-rūpeṇa nityaś ca | vedoktaiḥ karmabhiḥ sevyatām āpāditaś ca ity etāvān eva hi vedārthaḥ | ata evaṃ vidvān vedavid iti stūyate ||1||
madhusūdanaḥ : pūrvādhyāye bhagavtā saṃsāra-bandha-hetūn guṇān vyākhyāya teṣām atyayena brahma-bhāvo mokṣo mad-bhajanena labhyata ity uktam --
māṃ ca yo 'vyabhicāreṇa bhakti-yogena sevate |
sa guṇān samatītyaitān brahma-bhūyāya kalpate || [Gītā 14.26] iti |
tatra manuṣyasya tava bhakti-yogena kathaṃ brahma-bhāva ity āśaṅkāyāṃ svasya brahma-rūpatā-jñāpanāya sūtra-bhūto 'yaṃ śloko bhagavatoktaḥ -
brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham amṛtasyāvyayasya ca |
śāśvatasya ca dharmasya sukhasyaikāntikasya ca ||[Gītā 14.27] iti |
asya sūtrasya vṛtti-sthānīyo 'yaṃ pañcadaśo 'dhyāya ārabhyate | bhagavataḥ śrī-kṛṣṇasya hi tattvaṃ jñātvā tat-prema-bhajanena guṇātītaḥ san brahma-bhāvaṃ katham āpnuyāl loka iti | tatra brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham ity ādi bhagavad-vacanam ākarṇya mama tulyo manuṣyo 'yaṃ katham evaṃ vadatīti vismayāviṣṭam apratibhayā lajjayā ca kiṃcid api praṣṭum aśaknuvan tam arjunam ālakṣya kṛpayā sva-svarūpaṃ vivakṣuḥ śrī-bhagavān uvāca ūrdhveti |
tatra viraktasyaiva saṃsārād bhagavat-tattva-jñāne 'dhikāro nānyatheti pūrvādhyāyoktaṃ parameśvarādhīna-prakṛti-puruṣa-saṃyoga-kāryaṃ saṃsāraṃ vṛkṣa-rūpa-kalpanayā varṇayati vairāgyāya prastuta-guṇātītatvopāyatvāt tasya | ūrdhvam utkṛṣṭaṃ mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ sva-prakāśa-paramānanda-rūpatvena nityatvena ca brahma | atahvordhvaṃ sarva-saṃsāra-bādhe 'py abādhitaṃ sarva-saṃsāra-bhramādhiṣṭhānaṃ brahma tad eva māyayā mūlam asyety ūrdhva-mūlam | adha ity arvācīnāḥ kāryopādhayo hiraṇyagrabhādyā gṛhyante | te nānā-dik-prasṛtatvāc chākhā iva śākhā asyety adhaḥ-śākham | āśu-vināśitvena na śvo 'pi sthāteti viśvāsānarham aśvattham māyā-mayaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣam avyayam anādy-ananta-dehādi-santānāśrayam ātma-jñānam antareṇānucchedyam
anantam avyayam āhuḥ śrutayaḥ smṛtayaś ca | śrutayas tāvat -- ūrdhva-mūlo 'vāk-śākha eṣo 'śvatthaḥ sanātanaḥ [KaṭhU 2.3.1] ity ādyaḥ kaṭha-vallīṣu paṭhitāḥ | arvāñco nikṛṣṭāḥ kāryopādhayo mahad-ahaṅkāra-tanmātrādayo vā śākhā asyety arvāk-śākha ity adhaḥ-śākha-pada-samānārthaḥ | sanātana tiy avyaya-pada-samānārtham |
smṛtayaś ca-
avyakta-mūla-prabhavas tasyaivānugrahotthitaḥ |
buddhi-skandha-mayaś caiva indriyāntara-koṭaraḥ ||
mahā-bhūta-viśākhaś ca viṣayaiḥ patravāṃs tathā |
dharmādharma-supuṣpaś ca sukha-duḥkha-phalodayaḥ ||
ājīvyaḥ sarva-bhūtānāṃ brahma-vṛkṣaḥ sanātanaḥ |
etad brahma-vanaṃ cāsya brahmācarati sākṣivat ||
etac chittvā ca bhittvā ca jñānena paramāsinā |
tataś cātma-gatiṃ prāpya tasmān nāvartate punaḥ || [Mbh 14.35.20-22] ity ādayaḥ |
avyaktam avyākṛtaṃ māyopādhikaṃ brahma tad eva mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ tasmāt prabhavo yasya sa tathā | tasyaiva mūlasyāvyaktasyānugrahād atidṛḍhatvād utthitaḥ saṃvardhitaḥ | vṛkṣasya hi śākhāḥ skandhād udbhavanti | saṃsārasya ca buddheḥ sakāśān nānā-vidhāḥ pariṇāmā bhavanti | tena sādharmyeṇa buddhir eva skandhas tan-mayas tat-pracuro 'yam | indriyāṇām antarāṇi cchidrāṇy eva koṭarāṇi yasya sa tathā | mahānti bhūtāny ākāśādīni pṛthivy-antāni vividhāḥ śākhā yasya viśākhaḥ stambho yasyeti vā | ājīvya upajīvyaḥ | brahmaṇā paramātmanādhiṣṭhito vṛkṣo brahma-vṛkṣaḥ | ātma-jñānaṃ vinā chettum aśakyatayā sanātanaḥ | etad brahma-vanam asya brahmaṇo jīva-rūpasya bhogyaṃ vananīyaṃ sambhajanīyam iti vanaṃ brahma sākṣivad ācarati
na tv etat kṛtena lipyata ity arthaḥ | etad brahma-vanaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣātmakaṃ chittvā ca bhittvā cāhaṃ, brahmāsmīty atidṛḍha-jñāna-khaḍgena sa-mūlaṃ nikṛtyety arthaḥ ātma-rūpāṃ gatiṃ prāpya tasmād ātma-rūpān mokṣān nāvartata ity arthaḥ | spaṣṭam itarat |
atra ca gaṅgā-taraṅga-nudyamānottuṅga-tat-tīra-tiryaṅ-nipatitam ardhonmūlitaṃ mārutena mahāntam aśvattham upamānīkṛtya jīvantam iyaṃ rūpaka-kalpaneti draṣṭavyam | tena nordhva-mūlatvādhaḥ-śākhatvādy-anupapattiḥ | yasya māyā-mayasyāśvatthasya cchandāṃsi cchādanāt tattva-vastu-prāvaraṇāt saṃsāra-vṛkṣa-rakṣaṇād vā karma-kāṇḍāni ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-lakṣaṇāni parṇānīva parṇāni | yathā vṛkṣasya parirakṣaṇāthāni parṇāni bhavanti tathā saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya parirakṣaṇāthāni karma-kāṇḍāni dharmādharmaa-tad-dhetu-phala-prakāśanārthatvāt teṣām | yas taṃ yathā-vyākhyātaṃ sa-mūlaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣaṃ māyā-mayam aśvatthaṃ veda jānāti sa veda-vit karma-brahmākhya-vedārtha-vit sa evety arthaḥ | saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya hi mūlaṃ brahma
hiraṇyagarbhādayaś ca jīvāḥ śākhā-sthānīyāḥ | sa ca saṃsāra-vṛkṣaḥ svarūpeṇa vinaśvaraḥ pravāha-rūpeṇa cānantaḥ | sa ca vedoktaiḥ karmabhiḥ sicyate brahma-jñānena ca cchidyata ity etāvān eva hi vedārthaḥ | yaś ca vedārthavit sa eva sarva-vid iti sa-mūla-vṛkṣa-jñānaṃ stauti sa vedavid iti ||1||
viśvanāthaḥ :
saṃsāra-cchedako 'saṅga ātmeśāṃśaḥ kṣarākṣarāt |
uttamaḥ puruṣaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ iti pañcadaśe kathā ||
pūrvādhyāye --
māṃ ca yo 'vyabhicāreṇa bhakti-yogena sevate |
sa guṇān samatītyaitān brahma-bhūyāya kalpate || [Gītā 14.26] ity uktam |
tatra tava manuṣyasya bhakti-yogena kathaṃ brahma-bhāva iti cet, satyam ahaṃ manuṣya eva kintu brahmaṇo 'pi tasya pratiṣṭhā paramāśraya ity asya sūtra-rūpasya vṛtti-sthānīyo 'yaṃ pañcadaśādhyāya ārabhyate | tatra sa guṇān samatītya ity uktam iti guṇamyo 'yaṃ saṃsāraḥ kaḥ, kuto vāyaṃ pravṛttas tad-bhaktyā saṃsāram atikrāmyan jīvo vā kaḥ | brahma-bhūyāya kalpate ity uktaṃ brahma vā kiṃ | brahmaṇaḥ pratiṣṭhā tvaṃ vā ka ity-ādy-apekṣāyāṃ prathamam atiśayokty-alaṅkāreṇa saṃsāro 'yam adbhuto 'śvattha-vṛkṣa iti varṇayati | ūrdhve sarva-lokopari-tale satya-loke prakṛti-bījottha-prathama-praroha-rūpa-mahat-tattvātmakaś caturmukha eka eva mūlaṃ yasya tam | adhaḥ svar-bhuvor-bhūlokeṣu anantā
deva-gandharva-kinnarāsura-rākṣasa-preta-bhūta-manuṣya-gavāśvādi-paśu-pakṣi-kṛmi-kīṭa-pataṅga-sthāvarās tāḥ śākhā yasya tam aśvatthaṃ dharmādi-caturvarga-sādhakatvād aśvattham uttamaṃ vṛkṣam | śleṣeṇa bhaktimatāṃ na śvaḥ sthāsyatīty aśvatthaṃ naṣṭa-prāyam ity arthaḥ | abhaktānāṃ tv avyayam anaśvaram | chandāṃsi vāyavyaṃ śvetam ālabheta bhūmikām aindram ekādaśaka-pālaṃ nirvapet prajākāmaḥ ity ādyāḥ karma-pratipādakā vedāḥ saṃsāra-vardhakatvāt parṇāni | vṛkṣo hi parṇaiḥ śobhate | yas taṃ jānāti sa vedajñaḥ | tathā ca ūrdhva-mūlo 'vāk-śākha eṣo 'śvatthaḥ sanātanaḥ [KaṭhU 2.3.1] iti kaṭha-vallī-śrutiḥ ||1||
baladevaḥ :
saṃsāra-cchedi vairāgyaṃ jīvo me 'ṃśaḥ sanātanaḥ |
ahaṃ sarvottamaḥ śrīmān iti pañcadaśe smṛtam ||
pūrvatra vijñānānandasyautpattika-guṇāṣṭakasyāpi jīvasya karma-rūpānādi-vāsanānuguṇena bhagavat-saṅkalpena prakṛti-guṇa-saṅgaḥ | sa ca bahuvidhas tad-atyayaś ca bhagavad-bhakti-śiraskena viveka-jñānena bhavet tasmiṃś ca sati samprāpta-nija-svarūpo jīvo bhagavantam āśritya prmodo sarvadā tasmiṃs tiṣṭhatīty uktam | atha tad-viveka-jñāna-sthairya-karaṃ vairāgyaṃ jīvasya bhajanīya-bhagavad-aṃśatvaṃ bhagavataḥ svetara-sarvottamatvaṃ cokteṣv artheṣūpayogāya pañcadaśe 'smin varṇyate | tatra tāvad guṇa-viracitasya saṃsārasya vairāgya-vaiccedyatvāt saṃsāraṃ vṛkṣatvena vairāgyaṃ ca śastratvena rūpayan varṇayati bhagavān -- ūrdhvamūlam ity ādibhis tribhiḥ |
saṃsāra-rūpam aśvattham ūrdhva-mūlam adhaḥ-śākhaṃ prāhuḥ | ūrdhvaṃ sarvopari-satya-loke pradhāna-bījottha-prathama-praroha-rūpa-mahat-tattvātmaka-caturmukha-rūpaṃ mūlaṃ yasya saḥ | adhaḥ satya-lokād arvācīneṣu svar-bhuvar-bhūr-lokeṣu deva-gandharva-kinnarāsura-yakṣa-rākṣasa-manuṣya-paśu-pakṣi-kīṭa-pataṅga-sthāvarāntā nānādik-prasṛtatvāc chākhā yasya tam | caturvarga-phalāśrayatvād aśvattham uttama-vṛkṣam | tādṛśena viveka-jñānena vinā nivṛtter abhāvād avyayaṃ pravāha-rūpeṇa nityaṃ ca | tam āhuḥ śrutayaś cātra --
ūrdhva-mūlo 'vāk-śākha
eṣo 'śvatthaḥ sanātanaḥ |
ūrdhva-mūlam arvāk-śākhaṃ
vṛkṣaṃ yo veda samprati || [KaṭhU 2.3.1] ity ādikāḥ |
yasya saṃsārāśvatthasya chandāṃsi karmākarma-pratipādakāni śruti-vākyāni vāsanāā-rūpa-tan-nidāna-vardhakatvāt parṇāni prāhus tāni cchandāṃsi vāyavyaṃ śvetam ālabheta bhūti-kāma aindram ekādaśaka-pālaṃ nirvapet prajā-kāmaḥ ity ādīni bodhyāni | patrais tarur vardhate śobhate ca tam aśvatthaṃ yo veda yathoktaṃ jānāti sa eva veda-vit | vedaḥ khalu saṃsārasya vṛkṣatvaṃ chedyatvābhiprāyeṇāha tad-chedanopāyajño vedārthavid iti bhāvaḥ |
__________________________________________________________
BhG 15.2
adhaś cordhvaṃ prasṛtās tasya śākhā
guṇa-pravṛddhā viṣaya-pravālāḥ |
adhaś ca mūlāny anusaṃtatāni
karmānubandhīni manuṣya-loke ||2||
śrīdharaḥ : kiṃ ca adhaś ceti | hiraṇyagarbhādayaḥ kāryopādhayo jīvāḥ śākhā-sthānīyatvenoktāḥ | teṣu ca ye duṣkṛtinas te 'dhaḥ paśv-ādi-yoniṣu prasṛtās tasya saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya śākhāḥ | kiṃ ca, guṇaiḥ sattvādi-vṛttibhir jala-secanair iva yathāyathaṃ pravṛddhā vṛddhiṃ prāptāḥ | kiṃ ca, viṣayā rūpādayaḥ pravālāḥ pallava-sthānīyā yāsāṃ tāḥ | śākhāgra-sthānīyābhir indriya-vṛttibhiḥ saṃyuktatvāt | kiṃ ca, adhaś ca ca-śabdād ūrdhvaṃ ca | mūlāny anusantatāni virūḍhāni | mukhyaṃ mūlam īśvara eva | imāni tv antarālāni mūlāni tat-tad-bhoga-vāsanā-lakṣaṇāni | teṣāṃ kāryam āha manuṣya-loke karmānubandhīnīti | karmaivānubandhy uttara-kāla-bhāvi yeṣāṃ tāni | ūrdhvādho-lokeṣūpabhukta-tat-tad-bhoga-vāsanādibhir
hi karma-kṣaye manuṣya-lokaṃ prāptānāṃ tat-tad-anurūpeṣu karmasu pravṛttir bhavati | tasminn eva hi karmādhikāro nānyeṣu lokeṣu | ato manuṣya-loka ity uktam ||2||
madhusūdanaḥ : tasyaiva saṃsāra-vṛkṣasyāvayava-sambandhiny aparā kalpanocyate adhaś ceti | pūrvaṃ hiraṇyagarbhādayaḥ kāryopādhayo jīvāḥ śākhā-sthānīyatvenoktāḥ | idānīṃ tu tad-gato viśeṣa ucyate | teṣu ye kapūya-caraṇā duṣkṛtinas te 'dhaḥ paśv-ādi-yoniṣu prasṛtā vistāraṃ gatāḥ | ye tu ramaṇīya-caraṇāḥ sukṛtinas ta ūrdhvaṃ devādi-yoniṣu prasṛtā ato 'dhaś ca manuṣyatvād ārabhya viriñci-paryantam ūrdhvaṃ ca tasmād evārabhya satya-loka-paryantaṃ prasṛtās tasya saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya śākhāḥ | kīdṛśas tāḥ ? guṇaiḥ sattva-rajas-tamo bhir dehendriya-viṣayākāra-pariṇatair jala-secanair iva pravṛddhāḥ sthūlībhūtāḥ | kiṃ ca, viṣayāḥ śabdādayaḥ pravālāḥ pallavā iva yāsāṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣa-śākhānāṃ tās tathā śākhāgra-sthānīyābhir
indriya-vṛttibhiḥ sambandhād rāgādhiṣṭhānatvāc ca |saṃyuktatvāt | kiṃ ca, adhaś ca ca-śabdād ūrdhvaṃ ca mūlāny avāntarāṇi tat-tad-bhoga-janita-rāga-dveṣādi-vāsanā-lakṣaṇāni mūlānīva dharmādharma-pravṛtti-kārakāṇi tasya saṃsāra-vṛkṣasyānusantatāni anusyūtāni | mukhyaṃ ca mūlaṃ brahmaiveti na doṣaḥ | kīdṛśāny avāntara-mūlāni ? karma dharmādharma-lakṣaṇam anubandhuṃ paścāj janayituṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ tāni karmānubandhīni | kutra ? manuṣya-loke manuṣyaś cāsau lokaaś cety adhikṛto brāhmaṇyādi-viśiṣṭo deho manuṣya-lokas tasmin bāhulyena karmānubandhīni | manuṣyāṇāṃ hi karmādhikāraḥ prasiddhaḥ ||2||
viśvanāthaḥ : adhaḥ paśv-ādi-yoniṣu ūrdhve devādi-yoniṣu prasṛtās tasya saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya guṇaiḥ sattvādi-vṛttibhir jala-sekair iva pravṛddhāḥ | viṣayā śabdādayaḥ pravālāḥ pallava-sthānīyā yāsāṃ tāḥ | kiṃ ca tasya mūle sarva-lokair alakṣito mahā-nidhiḥ kaścid astīty anumīyate yam eva mūla-jaṭābhir avalambya sthitasya tasyāśvattha-vṛkṣasyāpi baṭa-vṛkṣasyeva śākhāsv api bāhyā jaṭāḥ santīty āha adhaś ceti | brahma-loka-mūlasyāpi tasyādhaś ca manuṣya-loke karmānubandhīni karmānulambīni mūlāny anusantatāni nirantaraṃ vistṛtāni bhavanti | karma-phalānāṃ yatas tato bhogānte punar manuṣya-janmany eva karmasu pravṛttāni bhavantīty arthaḥ ||2||
baladevaḥ : kiṃ cādha iti | tasyokta-lakṣaṇasya saṃsārāśvatthasya śākhā adha ūrdhvaṃ ca prasṛtāḥ | adho manuṣya-paśv-ādi-yoniṣu duṣkṛtair ūrdhvaṃ ca deva-gandharvādi-yoniṣu sukṛtair vistṛtāḥ | guṇaiḥ sattvādi-vṛttibhir ambu-niṣekair iva pravṛddhāḥ sthaulya-bhājaḥ | viṣayāḥ śabda-sparśādayaḥ pravālāḥ pallavā yāsāṃ tāḥ | śākhāgra-sthānīyābhiḥ śrotrādi-vṛttibhir yogād rāgādhiṣṭhānatvāc ca śabdādīnāṃ pallava-sthānīyatvam |
tasyāśvatthasyādhaś ca śabdād ūrdhvaṃ cāvāntarāṇi mūlāny anusantatāni vistṛtāni santi | tāni ca tat-tad-bhoga-janita-rāga-dveṣādi-vāsanā-rūpāṇi dharmādharma-pravṛtti-kāritvān mūla-tulyāny ucyante | mukhyaṃ mūlaṃ tādṛk caturmukhas tat-tad-vāsanās tv avāntara-mūlāni nyagrodhasyaiva jaṭopajaṭāvṛndānīti bhāvaḥ | tāni kīdṛśānīty āha manuṣya-loke karmānubandhīni yatas tataḥ karma-phala-bhogāvasāne sati punar manuṣya-loke karma-hetu-bhūtāni bhavantīty arthaḥ | sa lokaḥ khalu karma-bhūmir iti prasiddham ||2||
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BhG 15.3-4
na rūpam asyeha tathopalabhyate
nānto na cādir na ca saṃpratiṣṭhā |
aśvattham enaṃ su-virūḍha-mūlam
asaṅga-śastreṇa dṛḍhena chittvā ||3||
tataḥ padaṃ tat-parimārgitavyaṃ
yasmin gatā na nivartanti bhūyaḥ |
tam eva cādyaṃ puruṣaṃ prapadye
yataḥ pravṛttiḥ prasṛtā purāṇī ||4||
śrīdharaḥ : kiṃ ca, na rūpam iti | iha saṃsāre sthitaiḥ prāṇibhir asya saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya tathordhva-mūlatvādi-prakāreṇa rūpaṃ nopalabhyate | na cānto 'vasānam aparyaptatvāt | na cādir anāditvāt | na ca sampratiṣṭhā sthitiḥ | kathaṃ tiṣṭhatīti nopalabhyate | yasmād evambhūto 'yaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣo durucchedo 'narthakaraś ca tasmād enaṃ dṛḍhena vairāgyena śastreṇa cchitvā tattva-jñāne yatetety āha aśvattham enam iti sārdhena | enam aśvatthaṃ suvirūḍha-mūlam atyanta-baddha-mūlaṃ santam | asaṅgaḥ saṅga-rāhityam ahaṃ-mamatā-tyāgaḥ | tena śastreṇa dṛḍhena samyag-vicāreṇa cchittvā pṛthak-kṛtya ||3||
tata iti | tataś tasya mūla-bhūtaṃ tat padaṃ vastu parimārgitavyam anveṣṭavyaṃ | kīdṛśaṃ, yasmin gatā yat padaṃ prāptāḥ santo bhūyo na nivartanti nāvartanta ity arthaḥ | anveṣaṇa-prakāram evāha tam eveti | yata eṣā purāṇī cirantanī saṃsāra-pravṛttiḥ prasṛtā vistṛtā | tam eva cādyaṃ puruṣaṃ prapadye śaraṇaṃ vrajāmi | ity evam ekānta-bhaktyānveṣṭavyam ity arthaḥ ||4||
madhusūdanaḥ : yas tv ayaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣo varṇita iha saṃsāre sthitaiḥ prāṇibhir asya saṃsāra-vṛkṣasya tathordhva-mūlatvādi tathā tena prakāreṇa rūpaṃ nopalabhyate svapna-marīcy-udaka-māyā-gandharva-nagaravan mṛṣātvena dṛṣṭa-naṣṭa-svarūpatvāt tasya | ata eva tasyānto 'vasānam nopalabhyate | etāvatā kālena samāptiṃ gamiṣyatīti aparyaptatvāt | na cāsyādir upalabhyate | ita ārabhya pravṛtta ity anāditvāt | na ca sampratiṣṭhā sthitir madhyama-sthopalabhyate | ādy-anta-pratiyogikatvāt tasya | yasmād evaṃ-bhūto 'yaṃ saṃsāra-vṛkṣo durucchedaḥ sarvānartha-karaś ca tasmād anādy-ajñānena suvirūḍha-mūlam atyanta-baddha-mūlaṃ prāg-uktam aśvatthaṃ asaṅga-śastreṇa saṅgaḥ spṛhāsaṅgaḥ saṅga-virodhi vairāgyaṃ putra-vitta-lokaiṣaṇā-tyāga-rūpaṃ tad eva śastraṃ
rāga-dveṣa-maya-saṃsāra-virodhitvāt, tenāsaṅga-śastreṇa dṛḍhena paramātma-jñānautsukhya-dṛḍhīkṛtena punaḥ punar vivekābhyāsa-niśitena cchittvā sa-mūlam uddhṛtya vairāgya-śama-damādi-sampattyā sarva-karma-saṃnyāsaṃ kṛtvety etat ||3||
tato gurum upasṛtya tato 'śvatthād ūrdhvaṃ vyavasthitaṃ tad vaiṣṇavaṃ padaṃ vedānta-vākya-vicāreṇa parimārgitavyaṃ mārgayitavyam anveṣṭavyaṃ so 'nveṣṭabhyaḥ sa vijijñāsitavya iti śruteḥ | tat padaṃ śravaṇādinā jñātavyam ity arthaḥ | kiṃ tat padaṃ yasmin pade gatāḥ praviṣṭā jñānena na nivartanti nāvartante bhūyaḥ punaḥ saṃsārāya | kathaṃ tat parimārgitavyam ? ity āha - yaḥ pada-śabdenoktas tam eva cādyam ādau bhavaṃ puruṣaṃ yenedaṃ sarvaṃ pūrṇaṃ taṃ puruṣu pūrṣu vā śayānaṃ prapadye śaraṇaṃ gato 'smīty evaṃ tad-eka-śaraṇatayā tad anveṣṭavyam ity arthaḥ | taṃ kaṃ puruṣaṃ ? yato yasmāt puruṣāt pravṛttir māyā-maya-saṃsāra-vṛkṣa-pravṛttiḥ purāṇī cirantany anādir eṣā prasṛtā niḥsṛtaindrajālikād iva māyā-hasty-ādi
taṃ puruṣaṃ prapadya ity anvayaḥ ||4||
viśvanāthaḥ : kiṃ ceha manuṣya-loke 'sya rūpaṃ svarūpaṃ tathā sa-niścayaṃ nopalabhyate satyo 'yaṃ mithyāyaṃ nityo 'yam iti vādi-mata-vaividhyād iti bhāvaḥ | na cānto 'paryantatvān na cādir anāditvān na ca sampratiṣṭhāśrayaḥ | kiṃ vādhāraḥ ko 'yam ity api nopalabhyate tattva-jñānābhāvād iti bhāvaḥ | yathā tathāyaṃ bhavatu jīva-mātra-duḥkhaika-nidānasyāsya chedakaṃ śastram asaṅgaṃ jñātvā tenaitaṃ chittvaivāsya mūla-tala-stho mahānidhir anveṣṭavya ity āha aśvattham iti | asaṅgo 'nāsaktiḥ sarvatra vairāgyam iti yāvat tena śastreṇa kuṭhāreṇa cchitvā svataḥ pṛthak-kṛtya tatas tasya mūla-bhūtaṃ tat-padaṃ vastu mahā-nidhi-rūpaṃ brahma parimārgitavyam | kīdṛśaṃ tad ata āha yasmin gatā yat padaṃ prāptāḥ santo bhūyo na nivartante na cāvartanta ity arthaḥ | anveṣaṇa-prakāram
āha yata eṣā purāṇī cirantanī saṃsāra-pravṛttiḥ prasṛtā vistṛtā tam evādyaṃ puruṣaṃ prapadye bhajāmīti bhaktyā anveṣṭavyam ity arthaḥ ||3-4||
baladevaḥ : na rūpam iti asyāśvatthasya rūpam iha manuṣya-loke tathā nopalabhyate yathordhva-mūlatvādi-dharmakatayā mayopavarṇitam | na cāsyānto nāśa upalalabhyate | katham ayaṃ anartha-vrāta-jaṭilo vinaśyed iti na jñāyate | na cāsyādi-kāraṇam upalabhyate | kuto 'yam īdṛśo jāto 'stīti | na cāsya sampratiṣṭhā samāśrayo 'py upalabhyate | kiṃ samāśrayo 'yaṃ satiṣṭhat iti |
kintu manusyoo 'haṃ putro yajña-dattasya,, pitā ca deva-dattasya, tad-anurūpa-karma-kārī sukhī duḥkhī, sāsmin deśe 'smin grāme nivasāmīty etāvad eva vijñāyata ity arthaḥ | yasmād evaṃ durbodho 'nartha-vrate hetuś cāyam aśvatthas tasmāt sat-prasaṅga-labdha-vastu-yāthātmya-jñānenainam asaṅga-śastreṇa vairāgya-kuṭhāreṇa dṛḍhena vivekābhyāsa-niśitena cchitvā svataḥ pṛthak-kṛtya tat padaṃ parimārgitavyam iti pareṇānvayaḥ | saṅgo viṣayābhilāṣas tad-virodhy asaṅgo vairāgyaṃ, tad eva śastraṃ tad-abhilāṣa-nāśakatvāt suvirūḍha-mūlaṃ pūrvokta-rītyātyantaṃ baddha-mūlam | tataḥ saṃsārāśvattha-mūlād uparisthitaṃ tat padaṃ parimārgitavyaṃ mat-prasaṅga-labdhaiḥ śravaṇādibhiḥ sādhanair anveṣṭavyam |
tat padaṃ kīdṛśaṃ tatrāha yasminn iti | yasmin gatās taiḥ sādhanair yat prāptā janās tato na nivartante svargād iva na patanti | mārgaṇa-vidhim āha tam eveti | yataḥ purāṇī cirantanīyaṃ jagat-pravṛttiḥ prasṛtā vistṛtā | tam eva cādyaṃ puruṣaṃ prapadye śaraṇaṃ vrajāmīti prapatti-pūrvakaiḥ śravaṇādibhis tan-mārgaṇam uktam | yo jagad-dhetur yat-porapattyā saṃsāra-nivṛttiḥ sa khalu kṛṣṇa eva ahaṃ sarvasya prabhavaḥ ity ādeḥ | daivī hy eṣā guṇamayī ity ādeś ca tad-ukteḥ | na tad bhāsayata ity ādinā vyaktībhāvitvāc ca ||3-4||
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BhG 15.5
nirmāna-mohā jita-saṅga-doṣā
adhyātma-nityā vinivṛtta-kāmāḥ |
dvandvair vimuktāḥ sukha-duḥkha-saṃjñair
gacchanty amūḍhāḥ padam avyayaṃ tat ||5||
śrīdharaḥ : tat-prāptau sādhanāntarāṇi darśayann āha nirmāneti | nirgatau māna-mohau ahaṅkāra-mithyātisiveśau yebhyas te | jitaḥ putrādi-saṅga-rūpo doṣo yais te | adhyātma ātma-jñāne nityāḥ pariniṣṭhitāḥ | viśeṣeṇa nivṛttaḥ kāmo yebhyas te | sukha-duḥkha-hetutvāt sukha-duḥkha-saṃjñāni śītoṣṇādīni dvandvāni | tair vimuktāḥ | ata evāmūḍhā nivṛtāvidyāḥ santaḥ | tad avyayaṃ padaṃ gacchanti ||5||
madhusūdanaḥ : parimārgaṇa-pūrvakaṃ vaiṣṇavaṃ padaṃ gacchatām aṅgāntarāṇy āha nirmāṇeti | māno 'haṅkāro garvaḥ | mohas tv aviveko viparyayo vā | tābhyāṃ niṣkrāntā nirmāna-mohāḥ | tau nirgatau yebhyas te vā | tathāhaṅkārāvivekābhyāṃ rahitā iti yāvat | jita-saṅga-doṣāḥ priyāpriya-saṃvidhāv api rāga-dveṣa-varjitā iti yāvat | adhyātma-nityāḥ paramātma-svarūpa-lokcana-tat-parāḥ | vinivṛtta-kāmā viśeṣeto niravaśeṣeṇa nivṛttāḥ kāmā viṣaya-bhogā yeṣāṃ te | viveka-vairāgya-dvārā tyakta-sarva-karmāṇa ity arthaḥ | dvandvaiḥ śītoṣṇādi-kṣut-pipāsādibhiḥ sukha-duḥkha-saṃjñaiḥ sukha-duḥkha-hetutvāt sukha-duḥkha-nāmakaiḥ sukha-duḥkha-saṅgair iti pāṭhāntare sukha-duḥkhābhyāṃ saṅgaḥ sambandho yeṣāṃ taiḥ sukha-duḥkha-saṅgair
dvandvair vimuktāḥ parityaktāḥ | amūḍhā vedānta-pramāṇa-saṃjāta-samyag-jñāna-nivāritātmaājñānās tad avyayaṃ yathoktaṃ padaṃ gacchanti ||5||
viśvanāthaḥ : tad-bhaktau satyāṃ janāḥ kīdṛśā bhūtvā taṃ padaṃ prāpnuvantīty apekṣāyām āha nirmāneti | adhyātma-nityā adhyātma-vicāro nity nitya-kartavyo yeṣāṃ te paramātmālocana-tat-parāḥ ||5||
baladevaḥ : tat-prapattau satyāṃ kīdṛśāḥ santas tat padaṃ prāpnuvantīty āha nirmāneti | mānaḥ sat-kāra-janyo garvaḥ | moho mithyābhiniveśas tābhyāṃ nirgatāḥ | jitaḥ saṅga-doṣaḥ priya-bhāryādi-sneha-lakṣaṇo yais te | adhyātmaṃ sva-parātma-viṣayako vimarśaḥ sa nityo nitya-kartavyo yeṣāṃ te | sukhādi-hetutvāt tat-saṃjñair dvandvaiḥ śītoṣṇādibhir vimuktās tat-sahiṣṇavaḥ | amūḍhāḥ prapatti-vidhijñāḥ ||5||
na tad bhāsayate sūryo na śaśāṅko na pāvakaḥ |
yad gatvā na nivartante tad dhāma paramaṃ mama ||6||
śrīdharaḥ : tad eva gantavyaṃ padaṃ viśinaṣṭi na tad iti | tat padaṃ sūryādayo na prakāśayanti | yat prāpya na nivartante yoginaḥ | tad dhāma svarūpaṃ paramaṃ mama | anena sūryādi-prakāśa-viṣayatvena jaḍatva-śītoṣṇādi-doṣa-prasaṅgo nirastaḥ ||6||
madhusūdanaḥ : tad eva gantavyaṃ padaṃ viśinaṣṭi na tad iti | yad vaiṣṇavaṃ padaṃ gatvā yogino na nivartante tat padaṃ sarvāvabhāsana-śaktimān api sūryo na bhāsayate | sūryāsta-maye 'pi candro bhāsako dṛṣṭa ity āśaṅkyāha na śaśāṅkaḥ | sūryācandramasor ubhayor apy asta-maye 'gniḥ prakāśako dṛṣṭa ity āśaṅkyāha na pāvakaḥ | bhāsayata ity ubhayatrāpy anuṣajyate | kutaḥ sūryādīnāṃ tatra prakāśanāsāmarthyam ity ata āha tad dhāma jyotiḥ svayaṃ-prakāśam ādiyādi-sakala-jaḍa-jyotir-avabhāsakaṃ paramaṃ prakṛṣṭaṃ mama viṣṇoḥ svarūpātmakaṃ padam | na hi yo yad-bhāsyaḥ sa svabhāsakaṃ taṃ bhāsayitum īṣṭe | tathā ca śrutiḥ -
na tatra sūryo bhāti na candra-tārakaṃ
nemā vidyuto bhānti kuto 'yam agniḥ |
tam eva bhāntam anubhāti sarvaṃ
tasya bhāsā sarvam idaṃ vibhāti || [KaṭhU 2.2.15] iti |
etena tat padaṃ vedyaṃ na vā, ādye vedya-bhinna-veditṛ-sāpekṣatvena dvaitāpattir dvitīye sva-puruṣārthatvāpattir ity apāstam | avedyatve saty api svayam aparokṣatvāt tatrāvedyatvaṃ sūryādy-abhāsyatvenātroktaṃ, sarva-bhāsakatvena tu svayam aparokṣatvaṃ yad āditya-gataṃ teja ity atra vakṣyati | evam ubhābhyāṃ ślokābhyāṃ śruter dalad-vacaṃ vyākhyātam iti draṣṭavyam ||6||
viśvanāthaḥ : tat padam eva kīdṛśam ity apekṣāyām āha na tad iti | auṣṇya-śaityādi-duḥkha-rahitaṃ tat sva-prakāśam iti bhāvaḥ | tan mama paramaṃ dhāma sarvotkṛṣṭam ajaḍam atīndriyaṃ tejaḥ sarva-prakāśakam | yad uktaṃ hari-vaṃśe --
tat paraṃ paramaṃ brahma sarvaṃ vibhajate jagat |
mamaiva tad ghanaṃ tejo jñātum arhasi bhārata || [HV 2.114.12] iti |
na tatra sūryo bhāti na candra-tārakaṃ
nemā vidyuto bhānti kuto 'yam agniḥ |
tam eva bhāntam anubhāti sarvaṃ
tasya bhāsā sarvam idaṃ vibhāti || iti [KaṭhU 2.2.15] śrutibhyaś ca ||6||
baladevaḥ : gantavyaṃ padaṃ viśiṣyan paricāyayati na tad iti | prapannā yad gatvā yato na nivartante | tan mamaiva dhāma svarūpaṃ paramaṃ śrīmat | sarvāvabhāsakā api sūryādayas tan na bhāsayanti prakāśayanti | na tatra sūryo bhāti ity ādi-śruteś ca | sūryādibhir aprakāśyas teṣāṃ prakāśakaḥ sva-prakāśaka-cid-vigraho lakṣmīpatir aham eva pada-śabda-bodhyaḥ prapannair labhya ity arthaḥ ||6||
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BhG 15.7
mamaivāṃśo jīva-loke jīva-bhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ |
manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhānīndriyāṇi prakṛti-sthāni karṣati ||7||
śrīdharaḥ : nanu ca tvadīyaṃ dhāma prāptāḥ santo yadi na nivartante tarhi sati sampadya na viduḥ sati sampadyāmahe ity ādi śruteḥ suṣupti-pralaya-samaye tattva-prāptiḥ sarveṣām astīti ko nāma saṃsārī syād ity āśaṅkya saṃsāriṇaṃ darśayati mamaiveti pañcabhiḥ | mamaivāṃśo yo 'yam avidyayā jīva-bhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ sarvadā saṃsāritvena prasiddhaḥ | asau suṣupti-pralayayoḥ prakṛtau līnatayā sthitāni manaḥ ṣaṣṭhaṃ yeṣāṃ tānīndriyāṇi punar jīva-loke saṃsāropabhogārtham ākarṣati | etac ca karmendriyāṇāṃ prāṇasya copalakṣaṇārtham | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ saatyaṃ suṣupti-pralayayor api mad-aṃśatvāt sarvasāpi jīva-mātrasya mayi layād asty eva mat-prāptiḥ | tathāpy avidyāyāvṛtasya sānuśayasya sa-prakṛtike mayi layaḥ | na tu śuddhe | tad uktam -- avyaktād
vyaktayaḥ sarve prabhantīty ādinā | ataś ca punaḥ saṃsārāya nirgacchan avidvān prakṛtau līnatayā sthitāni svopādhi-bhūtānīndriyāṇi ākarṣati | viduṣāṃ tu śuddha-svarūpa-prāpter nāvṛttir iti ||7||
madhusūdanaḥ : jīvasya tu pāramārthikaṃ svarūpaṃ brahmaivety asakṛd āveditam | tad etat sarvaṃ pratipādyata uttareṇa granthena | tatra jīvasya brahma-rūpatvād ajñāna-nivṛttyā tat-svarūpaṃ prāptasya tato na pracyutir iti pratipādyate mamaivāṃśa [Gītā 15.7a] iti ślokārdhena | suṣuptau tu sarva-kārya-saṃskāra-sahitājñāna-sattvāt tataḥ punaḥ saṃsāro jīvasyeti manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhāni [Gītā 15.7b] iti ślokārdhena pratipādyate | tatas tasya vastuto 'saṃsāriṇo 'pi māyayā saṃsāraṃ prāptasya manda-matibhir deha-tādātmyaṃ prāpitasya dehād vyatirekaḥ pratipādyate śarīram [Gītā 15.8] ity ādinā ślokārdhena | śrotraṃ cakṣur [Gītā 15.9] ity ādinā tu yathāyathaṃ sva-viṣayeṣv indriyāṇāṃ pravartakasya tasya tebhyo vyatirekaḥ pratipādyate | evaṃ dehendriyādi-vilakṣaṇam utkrānty-ādi-samaye svātma-rūpatvāt
kim iti sarve na paśyantīty āśaṅkāyāṃ viṣaya-vikṣipta-cittā darśana-yogyam api taṃ na paśyantīty uttaram ucyate utkrāmantam [Gītā 15.10a] ity ādinā ślokena | taṃ jñāna-cakṣuṣaḥ paśyantīti vivṛtaṃ yatanto yoginaḥ [Gītā 15.11a] iti ślokārdhena | vimūḍhā nānupaśyanti [Gītā 15.10b] ity etad vivṛtaṃ yatanto 'pi [Gītā 15.11b] iti ślokārdheneti pañcānāṃ ślokānāṃ saṅgatiḥ | idānīṃ akṣarāṇi vyākhyāsyāmo mameti |
mamaiva paramātmano 'ṃśo niraṃśasyāpi māyayā kalpitaḥ sūryasyeva jale nabhasa iva ca ghaṭe mṛṣābhedavān aṃśa ivāṃśo jīva-loke saṃsāre, sa ca prāṇa-dhāraṇopādhinā jīva-bhūtaḥ kartā bhoktā saṃsaratīti mṛṣaiva prasiddhim upāgataḥ sanātano nitya upādhi-paricchede 'pi vastutaḥ paramātmatva-rūpatvāt | ato jñānādi-jñāna-nivṛttyā sva-svarūpaṃ brahma prāpya tato na nivartanta iti yuktam |
evam-bhūto 'pi suṣuptāt katham āvartata ity āha - manaḥ ṣaṣṭhaṃ yeṣāṃ tāni śrotra-tvak-cakṣū-rasana-ghrāṇākhyāni pañcendriyāīndrasyātmano viṣayopalabdhi-karaṇatayā liṅgāni jāgrat-svapna-bhoga-janaka-karma-kṣaye prakṛti-sthāni prakṛtāvajñāne sūkṣma-rūpeṇa sthitāni punar-jāgrad-bhoga-janaka-karmodaye bhogārthaṃ karṣati kūrmo 'ṅgānīva prakṛter ajñānād ākarṣati viṣaya-grahaṇa-yogyatayāvirbhāvayatīty arthaḥ | ato jñānād anāvṛttāv apy ajñānād āvṛttir nānupapanneti bhāvaḥ ||7||
viśvanāthaḥ : tvad-bhaktyā saṃsāram atikrāmyan ta-pada-gāmī jīvaḥ ka ity apekṣāyām āha mamaivāṃśa iti | yad uktaṃ vārāhe svāṃśaś cātha vibhinnāṃśa iti dvedhāyam iṣyate | vibhinnāṃśas tu jīvaḥ syāt iti | sanātano nityaḥ sa ca baddha-daśāyāṃ manaḥ eva ṣaṣṭhaṃ yeṣāṃ tānīndriyāṇi prakṛtāv upādhau sthitāni karṣati | mamaiva etānīti svīyatvābhimānena gṛhītāṃ pādārgala-śṛṅkhalām iva karṣati ||7||
baladevaḥ : nanu tvat-prapattyā yas tat-padaṃ yāti, sa jīvaḥ ka ity apekṣāyām āha mamaiveti | jīvaḥ sarveśvarasya mamaivāṃśo, na tu brahma-rudrāder īśvarasya, sa ca sanātano nityo, na tu ghaṭākāśādivat kalpitaḥ | sa ca jīva-loke prapañce sthito manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhānīndriyāṇi śrotrādīni karṣati pādādi-śṛṅkhalā iva vahati | tāni kīdṛṃśīty āha prakṛti-sthāni prakṛti-vikāra-bhūtāhaṅkāra-kāryāṇīty arthaḥ | tatra manaḥ sāttvikāhaṅkārasya śrotrādikaṃ tu rājasāhaṅkārasya kāryam iti bodhyam | bhagavat-prapattyā prākṛta-karaṇa-hīno bhagaval-lokaṃ gatas tu bhāgavatair deha-karaṇair vibhūṣaṇair iva viśiṣṭo bhagavantaṃ saṃśrayan nivasatīti sūcyate -- sa vā eṣa brahma-niṣṭha idaṃ śarīraṃ martyam atisṛjya brahmābhisampadya brahmaṇā paśyati brahmaṇā
śṛṇoti brahmaṇaivedaṃ sarvam anubhavati iti mādhyandināyana-śruteḥ | vasanti yatra puruṣāḥ sarve vaikuṇṭha-mūrtayaḥ [BhP 3.15.14] ity ādi smṛteś ca | bhagavat-saṅkalpa-siddha-cid-vigrahas tatra bhavatīti |
yat tu ghaṭākāśavaj jalākāśavad vā jīve brahmaṇo 'ṃśo 'ntaḥ-karaṇenāvacchedāt tasmin pratibimba-nāśād vā ghaṭa-jala-nāśe tat-tad-ākāśasya śuddhākāśatvavad antaḥ-karaṇa-nāśe jīvāṃśasya śuddha-brahmatvam iti vadanti, na tat sāram, jīva-bhūtaḥ, mamāṃśaḥ, sanātanaḥ ity ukti-vyākopāt | paricchedādi-vāda-dvayasya dehino 'smin yathā [Gītā 2.12] ity atra pratyākhyānāc ca | pratibimba-sādṛśyāt tu tattvaṃ mantavyam ambuvad adhikaraṇa-vinirṇayāt | tasmāt brahmopasarjanatvaṃ jīvasya brahmāṃśatvaṃ vidhu-maṇḍalasya śatāṃśaḥ śukra-maṇḍalam ity ādau dṛṣṭaṃ cedam eka-vastv-eka-deśatvaṃ cāṃśatvam āhuḥ | brahma khalu śaktimad ekaṃ vastu brahma-śaktiḥ, itas tv anyāṃ prakṛtiṃ viddhi me parāṃ jīva-bhūtām [Gītā 7.5] iti pūrvokter atas tad eka-deśāt
tad-aṃśo jīvaḥ ||7||
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BhG 15.8
śarīraṃ yad avāpnoti yac cāpy utkrāmatīśvaraḥ |
gṛhītvaitāni saṃyāti vāyur gandhān ivāśayāt ||8||
śrīdharaḥ : tāny ākṛṣya kiṃ karotīti | atrāha śarīram iti | yad yadā śarīrāntaraṃ karma-vaśād avāpnoti yataś ca śarīrād utkrāmatīśvaro dehādīnāṃ svāmī tadā pūrvasmāt śarīrād etāni gṛhītvā tac-charīrāntaraṃ samyag yāti | śarīre saty api indriya-grahaṇe dṛṣṭāntaḥ | āśayāt sva-sthānāt kusumādeḥ sakāśāt gandhān gandhavataḥ sūkṣmān aṃśān gṛhītvā vāyur yathā gacchati tadvat ||8||
madhusūdanaḥ : asmin kāle karṣatīty ucyate śarīram iti | yad yadotkrāmati bahir nirgacchatīśvaro dehendriya-saṃghātasya svāmī jīvas tadā yato dehād utkrāmati tato manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhānīndriyāṇi karṣatīti dvitīya-pādasya prathamam anvaya utkramaṇottara-bhāvitvād gamanasya | na kevalaṃ karṣaty eva, kintu yad yadā ca pūrvasmāc charīrāntaram avāpnoti tadaitāni manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhāīndriyāṇi gṛhītvā saṃyāty api samyak punar āgamana-rāhityena gacchaty api | śarīre saty evendriya-grahaṇe dṛṣṭāntaḥ - āśayāt kusumādeḥ sthānād gandhān gandhātmakān sūkṣmān aṃśān gṛhītvā yathā vāyur vāti tadvat ||8||
viśvanāthaḥ : tāny akṛṣya kiṃ karotīty apekṣāyām āha śarīram iti | yat sthūla-śarīraṃ karma-vaśād avāpnoti, yac ca yasmāc ca śarīrād utkrāmati niṣkrāmati, īśvaro dehendriyādi-svāmī jīvaḥ tasmāt tatra etānīndriyāṇi bhūta-sūkṣmaiḥ saha gṛhītvaiva saṃyāti vāyur gandhāni iveti vāyur yathāśayād gandhāśrayāt srak-candanādeḥ sakāśāt sūkṣmāvayavaiḥ saha gandhān gṛhītvānyatra yāti tadvad ity arthaḥ |
baladevaḥ : jīva-loke sthita indriyāṇi karṣati ity uktam | tat pratipādayati śarīram iti | īśvaraḥ śarīrendriyāṇaṃ svāmī jīvo yad yadā pūrva-śarīrād anyac charīram avāpnoti, yadā cāptāc charīrād utkrāmati, tadaitānīndriyāṇi bhūta-sūkṣmaiḥ saha gṛhṭivā yāty āśayāt puṣpa-kośād gandhān gṛhītvā vāyur iva sa yathānyatra yāti tadvat ||8||
śrotraṃ cakṣuḥ sparśanaṃ ca rasanaṃ ghrāṇam eva ca |
adhiṣṭhāya manaś cāyaṃ viṣayān upasevate ||9||
śrīdharaḥ : tāny evendriyāṇi darśayan yad arthaṃ gṛhītvā gacchati tad āha śrotram iti | śrotrādīni bāhyendriyāṇi manaś cāntaḥkaraṇaṃ, tāny adhiṣṭāyāśritya śabdādīn viṣayān ayaṃ jīva upabhuṅkte ||9||
madhusūdanaḥ : tāny evendriyāṇi darśayan yad arthaṃ gṛhītvā gacchati tad āha śrotram iti | śrotraṃ cakṣuḥ sparśanaṃ ca rasanaṃ ghrāṇam eva ca | ca-kārāt karmendriyāṇi prāṇaṃ ca manaś ca ṣaṣṭham adhiṣṭhāyaivāśrityaiva viṣayān śabdādīn ayaṃ jīva upasevate bhuṅkte ||9||
viśvanāthaḥ : tatra gatvā kiṃ karotīty ata āha śrotram iti | śrotrādīnīndriyāṇi manaś cādhiṣṭhāyāśritya viṣayān śabdādīn upabhuṅkte ||9||
baladevaḥ : tāni gṛhītvā kim arthaṃ yāti | tatrāha śrotram iti | śrotrādīni samanaskāny adhiṣṭhāyāśrityāyaṃ jīvo viṣayān śabdādīn upabhuṅkte | tad arthaṃ tad-grahaṇam ity arthaḥ | ca-śabdāt karmendriyāṇi ca pañca prāṇāṃś cādhiṣṭhāye ty avagamyam ||9||
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BhG 15.10
utkrāmantaṃ sthitaṃ vāpi bhuñjānaṃ vā guṇānvitam |
vimūḍhā nānupaśyanti paśyanti jñāna-cakṣuṣaḥ ||10||
śrīdharaḥ : nanu kārya-kāraṇa-saṅghāta-vyatirekeṇa evambhūtam ātmānaṃ sarve 'pi kiṃ na paśyanti | tatrāha utkrāmantam iti | utkrāmantaṃ dehād dehāntaraṃ gacchantaṃ tasminn eva dehe sthitaṃ vā viṣayān bhuñjānaṃ vā guṇānvitam indriyādi-yuktaṃ jīvaṃ vimūḍhā nānupaśyanti nālokayanti | jñānam eva cakṣur yeṣāṃ te vivekinaḥ paśyanti ||10||
madhusūdanaḥ : evaṃ deha-gataṃ darśana-yogayam api dehāt utkrāmantam iti | utkrāmantaṃ dehāntaraṃ gacchantaṃ pūrvasmāt, sthitaṃ vāpi tasminn eva dehe, bhuñjānaṃ vā śabdādīn viṣayān | guṇānvitam sukha-duḥkha-mohātmakair guṇair anvitam | evaṃ sarvāsv avasthāsu darśana-yogyam apy enaṃ vimūḍhā dṛṣṭādṛṣṭa-viṣaya-bhoga-vāsanākṛṣṭa-cetastayātmānātma-vivekāyogyā nānupaśyanti | aho kaṣṭaṃ vartata ity ajñān anukrośati bhagavān | ye tu pramāṇa-janita-jñāna-cakṣuṣo vivekinas ta eva paśyanti ||10||
viśvanāthaḥ : nanu yamād dehān niṣkrāmati yasmin dehe vā tiṣṭhati tatra sthitvā vā yathā bhogān bhuṅkte ity evaṃ viśeṣaṃ nopalabhāmahe | tatrāha utkrāmantaṃ dehānn niṣkrāmantaṃ, sthitaṃ dehāntare vartamānaṃ ca viṣayān bhuñjānaṃ ca guṇānvitam indiryādi-sahitaṃ vimūḍhā avivekinaḥ jñāna-cakṣuṣo vivekinaḥ ||10||
baladevaḥ : evaṃ śarīrasthatvenānubhavayogyam avivekinas tam ātmānaṃ nānubhavantīty āha ud iti | śarīrād utkrāmantaṃ tatraiva sthitaṃ vā sthitvā viṣayān bhuñjānaṃ vā guṇānvitaṃ sukha-duḥkha-mohair indiryādibhir vānvitaṃ yuktam anubhava-yogyam apy ātmānaṃ vimūḍhāś cirantana-jñāna-cakṣuṣo viveka-jñāna-netrās tu taṃ paśyanti | śarīrādi-viviktam anubhavanti ||10||
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BhG 15.11
yatanto yoginaś cainaṃ paśyanty ātmany avasthitam |
yatanto 'py akṛtātmāno nainaṃ paśyanty acetasaḥ ||11||
śrīdharaḥ : durjñeyaś cāyaṃ yato vivekiṣv api kecit paśyanti kecin na paśyantīty āha yatanta iti | yatanto dhyānādibhiḥ prayatamānā yoginaḥ kecid enam ātmānam ātmani dehe 'vasthitaṃ viviktaṃ paśyanti | śāstrābhyāsādibhiḥ prayatnaṃ kurvāṇā apy akṛtātmāno 'viśuddha-cittā ata evācetaso manda-mataya enaṃ na paśyanti ||11||
madhusūdanaḥ : paśyanti jñāna-cakṣuṣa ity etad vivṛṇoti yatanta iti | ātmani sva-buddhāv avasthitaṃ pratiphalitam enam ātmānam yatanto dhyānādibhiḥ prayatamānā yogina eva paśyanti | co 'vadhāraṇe | yatamānā apy akṛtātmāno yajñādibhir aśodhitāntaḥ-karaṇā ata evācetaso viveka-śūnyā nainaṃ paśyantīti vimūḍhā nānupaśyantīty etad vivaraṇam ||11||
viśvanāthaḥ : te ca vivekino yatamānā yogina evety āha yatanta iti | akṛtātmāno 'śuddha-cittāḥ ||11||
baladevaḥ : jñāna-cakṣuṣaḥ paśyanti ity etad vivṛṇvan durjñānatāṃ tasyāh yatanta iti | kecid yogino yatamānāḥ śravaṇādy-upāyān anutiṣṭhanta ātmani śarīre 'vasthitam enam ātmānaṃ paśyanti | kecid yatamānā apy akṛtātmāno 'nirmala-cittā ato 'vacetaso 'nudita-viveka-jñānā enaṃ na paśyantīti durjñeyam ātma-tattvam ity arthaḥ ||11||
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BhG 15.12
yad āditya-gataṃ tejo jagad bhāsayate 'khilam |
yac candramasi yac cāgnau tat tejo viddhi māmakam ||12||
śrīdharaḥ : tad evaṃ na tad bhāsayate sūrya ity ādinā pārameśvaraṃ paraṃ dhāmoktam | tat-prāptānāṃ cāpunar-āvṛttir uktā | tatra ca saṃsāriṇo 'bhāvam āśaṅkya saṃsāri-svarūpaṃ dehādi-vyatiriktaṃ darśitam | idānīṃ tad eva pārameśvaraṃ rūpam ananta-śaktitvena nirūpayati yad ity ādi-caturbhiḥ | ādiyādiṣu sthitaṃ yad aneka-prakāraṃ tejo viśvaṃ prakāśayati tat sarvaṃ tejo madīyam eva jānīhi ||12||
madhusūdanaḥ : idānīṃ yat padaṃ sarvāvabhāsana-kṣamā apy ādityādayo bhāsayituṃ na kṣamante yat-prāptāś ca mumukṣavaḥ punaḥ saṃsārāya nāvartante yasya ca padasyopādi-bhedam anu vidhīyamānā jīvā ghaṭākāśādaya ivākāśasya kalpitāṃśā mṛṣaiva saṃsāram anubhavanti tasya padasya sarvātmatva-sarva-vyavahārāspadatva-pradarśanena brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham [Gītā 14.27] iti prāg uktaṃ vivarītuṃ caturbhiḥ ślokair ātmano vibhūti-saṃkṣepam āha bhagavān yad iti | na tatra sūryo bhāti na candra-tārakaṃ nemā vidyuto bhānti kuto 'yam agniḥ [KaṭhU 2.2.15] ity ādinā | tam eva bhāntam anubhāti sarvaṃ tasya bhāsā sarvam idaṃ vibhāti [KaṭhU 2.2.15] iti śruty-artham anena vyākhyāyate | yad āditya-gataṃ tejaś caitnyātmakaṃ jyotir yac candramasi yac cāgnau sthitaṃ tejo jagad akhilam
avabhāsayate tat tejo māmakaṃ madīyaṃ viddhi | yadyapi sthāvara-jaṅgameṣu samānaṃ caitanyātmakaṃ jyotis tathāpi sattvotkarṣeṇādityādīnām utkarṣāt tatraivāvistarāṃ caitanya-jyotir iti tair viśeṣyate yad āditya-gatam ity ādi | yathā tulye 'pi mukha-saṃnidhāne kāṣṭha-kuḍyādau na mukham āvirbhavati | ādarśādau ca svacche svacchatare ca tāratamyenāvirbhavati tadvad yad āditya-gataṃ teja ity uktvā punas tat tejo viddhi māmakam iti tejo-grahaṇād yad ādityādi-gataṃ tejaḥ prakāśaḥ para-prakāśa-samarthaṃ sita-bhāsvaraṃ rūpaṃ jagad akhilaṃ rūpavad vastu avabhāsayate | evaṃ yac candramasi yac cāgnau jagad-avabhāsakaṃ tejas tan māmākaṃ viddhīti vibhūti-kathanāya dvitīyo 'py artho draṣṭavyaḥ | anyathā tan māmakaṃ viddhīty etāvad brūyāt tejo-grahaṇam antareṇaiveti bhāvaḥ ||12||
viśvanāthaḥ : tad evaṃ jīvasya baddhāvasthāyāṃ yat yat prāpya-vastu tatrāham eva sūrya-candrādy-ātmakaḥ sann upakaromīty āha yad iti tribhiḥ | āditya-sthitaṃ teja eva udaya-parvate prātar uditya jīvasya dṛṣṭādṛṣṭa-bhoga-sādhana-karma-pravartanārthaṃ jagad bhāsayata evaṃ ca yac candramasi aganau ca tat tad akhilaṃ māmakam eva | sūryādi-saṃjño 'ham eva bhavāmīty arthaḥ | tat tejasa eva tat-tad-vibhūtir iti bhāvaḥ ||12||
baladevaḥ : atha mad-aṃśasya jīvasya saṃsāra-raktasya mumukṣoś ca bhoga-mokṣa-sādhanam aham eveti bhāvenāha yad iti caturbhiḥ | āditye sthitaṃ yat tejo yac candre 'gnau ca sthitaṃ sat sarvaṃ jagat prakāśayati, tat tejo māmakaṃ madīyaṃ viddhi | uditena sūryeṇa jvalitena ca vahninādṛṣṭa-bhoga-sādhanāni karmāṇi niṣpadyante | timira-jāḍya-nāśādayaś ca sukha-hetavo bhavanti | uditena candreṇa cauṣadhi-poṣa-tāpa-śānti-jyotsnāvihārās tathābhūtā bhavantīti teṣāṃ tat-tat-sādhakaṃ tejo mat-tejo-vibhūtir ity arthaḥ ||12||
gām āviśya ca bhūtāni dhārayāmy aham ojasā |
puṣṇāmi cauṣadhīḥ sarvāḥ somo bhūtvā rasātmakaḥ ||13||
śrīdharaḥ : kiṃ ca gām iti | gāṃ pṛthvīm ojasā balenādhiṣṭhāyāham eva carācarāṇi bhūtāni dhārayāmi | aham eva rasamayaḥ somo bhūtvā brīhy-ādy-auṣadhīḥ sarvāḥ saṃvardhayāmi ||13||
madhusūdanaḥ : kiṃ ca, gāṃ pṛthivīm pṛthivī-devatā-rūpeṇāviśyaujasā nijena balena pṛthivīṃ dhūli-muṣṭi-tulyāṃ dṛḍhīkṛtya bhūtāni pṛthivyādheyāni vastūny aham eva dhārayāmi | anyathā pṛthivī sikatā-muṣṭivad viśīryatādho nimajjed vā | yena dyaur ugrā pṛthivī ca dṛḍhā [YajuḥK 1.8.5, TaittS 4.1.8] iti mantra-varṇāt | sa dādhāra pṛthivīm [Ṛk 8.7.3.1] iti ca hiraṇyagarbha-bhāvāpannaṃ bhagavantam evāha | kiṃ ca, rasātmakaḥ sarva-rasa-svabhāvaḥ somo bhūtvauṣadhīḥ sarvā brīhi-yavādyāḥ pṛthivyāṃ jātā aham eva puṣṇāmi puṣṭimatī rasa-svādumatīś ca karomi ||13||
viśvanāthaḥ : gāṃ pṛthvīm ojasā sva-śaktyāviśyādhiṣṭhāyāham eva carācarāṇi bhūtāni dhārayāmi | tathāham evāmṛta-rasamayaḥ somo bhūtvā brīhy-ādy-auṣadhīḥ sarvāḥ saṃvardhayāmi ||13||
baladevaḥ : gām iti pāṃśu-muṣṭi-tulyāṃ gāṃ pṛthivīm ojasā sva-śaktyāviśya dṛḍhīkṛtya bhūtāni sthira-carāṇi dhārayāmi | mantra-varṇaś caivam āha -- yena dyaur ugrā pṛthivī ca dṛḍhā [Ṛk 8.7.3.1] iti | anyathāsau sikatā-muṣṭivad-viśīryeṇa nimajjed veti bhāvaḥ | tathāham eva rasātmakaḥ somo 'mṛtamayaś candro bhūtvā sarvā auṣadhīr nikhilā brīhy-ādyāḥ puṣṇāmi | svādu-vividha-rasa-pūrṇāḥ karomi | tathā ca bhūmiloke sthitasya jīvasya vividha-prāsāda-bāṭikā-taḍāgādi-krīḍā-sthānāni nirmāya nānā-rasān bhuñjānasya tat-tat-sādhanam aham eveti ||13||
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BhG 15.14
ahaṃ vaiśvānaro bhūtvā prāṇināṃ deham āśritaḥ |
prāṇāpāna-samāyuktaḥ pacāmy annaṃ catur-vidham ||14||
śrīdharaḥ : kiṃ ca aham iti | aham īśvara eva vaiśvānaro jaṭharāgnir bhūtvā prāṇināṃ dehasyāntaḥ praviśya prānāpānābhyāṃ ca tad-uddīpakābhyāṃ sahitaḥ prāṇibhir bhuktaṃ bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ lehyaṃ coṣyaṃ ceti caturvidham annaṃ pacāmi | tatra yad dantair avakhaṇḍyāvakhaṇḍya bhakṣyate pūpādi tad bhakṣyam | yat tu kevalaṃ jihvayā viloḍya nigīryate pāyasādi tad bhojyam | yaj jihvāyāṃ nikṣipya rasāsvādena kramaśo nigīryate dravībhūtaṃ guḍādi tal lehyam | yat tu daṃṣṭrādibhir niṣpīḍya sārāṃśaṃ nigīryāvaśiṣṭaṃ tyajyata ikṣu-daṇḍādi tac coṣyam iti caturvidho 'sya bhedaḥ ||14||
madhusūdanaḥ : kiṃ ca aham iti | aham īśvara eva vaiśvānaro jaṭharo 'gnir bhūtvā ayam agnir vaiśvānaro yo 'yam antaḥ puruṣe yenedam annaṃ pacyate yad idam adyate [BAU 5.9.1] ity ādi śruti-pratipāditaḥ san prāṇināṃ sarveṣāṃ deham āśrito 'ntaḥ praviṣṭaḥ prānāpānābhyāṃ tad-uddīpakābhyāṃ saṃyuktaḥ saṃdhukṣitaḥ san pacāmi prāṇibhir bhuktam annaṃ caturvidham bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ lehyaṃ coṣyaṃ ceti | tatra yad dantair avakhaṇḍyāvakhaṇḍya bhakṣyate pūpādi tad bhakṣyam | yat tu kevalaṃ jihvayā viloḍya nigīryate sūpaudanādi tad bhojyam | yaj jihvāyāṃ nikṣipya rasāsvādena nigīryate kiṃcid dravībhūtaṃ guḍa-rasālā-śikhariṇy-ādi tal lehyam | yat tu dantair niṣpīḍya rasāṃśaṃ nigīryāvaśiṣṭaṃ tyajyate yathekṣu-daṇḍādi tac coṣyam iti bhedaḥ
| bhoktā yaḥ so 'gnri vaiśvānaro yad bhojyam annaṃ sa somas tad etad ubhayam agnīṣomau sarvam iti dhyāyato 'nna-doṣa-lepo na bhavatīty api draṣṭavyam ||14||
viśvanāthaḥ : vaiśvānaro jaṭharānalaḥ prāṇāpānābhyāṃ tad uddīpakābhyāṃ sahitaś caturvidhaṃ bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ lehyaṃ coṣyam | bhakṣyaṃ danta-cchedyaṃ bhṛṣṭa-canakādi bhojyaṃ modakādi | lehyaṃ guḍādi | coṣyam ikṣu-daṇḍādi ||14||
baladevaḥ : bhogyānām annādīnāṃ pāka-hetuś cāham evety āha aham iti | vaiśvānaro jaṭharāgnis tac-charīrako bhūtvā prāṇināṃ sarveṣāṃ deham udaram āśritaḥ prānāpānābhyāṃ tad-uddīpakābhyāṃ samāyuktaś ca sann ahaṃ tair bhuktaṃ caturvidham annaṃ pacāmi pākaṃ nayāmi | śrutiś caivam āha ayam agnir vaiśvānaro yo 'yam antaḥ puruṣe yenedaṃ annaṃ pacyate ity ādinā | tathā cāham eva jāṭharāgni-śarīras tad-upakārīty evam āha sūtrakāraḥ -- śabdādibhyo 'ntaḥ pratiṣṭhānāc ca ity ādinā | annasya cāturvidhyaṃ ca bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ lehyaṃ cūṣyaṃ ceti bhedāt | danta-cchedyaṃ caṇaka-pūpādi | bhakṣyaṃ carvyam iti cocyate | modakaudana-sūpādi bhojyaṃ | pāyasa-guḍa-madhv-ādi lehyaṃ | pakvāmrekṣu-daṇḍādi cūṣyaṃ | soma-vaiśvānarayoḥ svābhedenoktiḥ
sva-vyāpyatvād iti bodhyam ||14||
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BhG 15.15
sarvasya cāhaṃ hṛdi saṃniviṣṭo
mattaḥ smṛtir jñānam apohanaṃ ca |
vedaiś ca sarvair aham eva vedyo
vedānta-kṛd veda-vid eva cāham ||15||
śrīdharaḥ : kiṃ ca sarvasya prāni-jātasya hṛdi samyag-antaryāmi-rūpeṇa praviṣṭo 'ham | ataś ca matta eva hetoḥ prāṇi-mātrasya pūrvānbhūtārtha-viṣayā smṛtir bhavati | jñānaṃ ca viṣayendndriya-saṃyogajaṃ bhavati | āpohanaṃ ca tayoḥ pramoṣo bhavati | vedaiś ca sarvais tat-tad-devatādi-rūpeṇāham eva vedyaḥ | vedānta-kṛt tat-sampradāya-pravartakaś ca | jñānado gurur aham ity arthaḥ | veda-vid eva ca vedārtha-vid apy aham eva ||15||
madhusūdanaḥ : kiṃ ca, sarvasya brahmādi-sthāvarāntasya prāṇi-jātasyāham ātmā san hṛdi buddhau saṃniviṣtaḥ sa eṣa iha praviṣṭaḥ [BAU 1.4.7] iti śruteḥ | anena jīvenātmanānupraviśya nāma-rūpe vyākaravāṇi [ChāU 6.3.2] iti ca | ato matta ātmana eva hetoḥ prāṇi-jātasya yathānurūpaṃ smṛtir etaj janmani pūrvānubhūtārtha-viṣayā vṛttir yogināṃ ca janmāntarānubhūtārtha-viṣayāpi | tathā matta eva jñānaṃ viṣayendriya-saṃyogajaṃ bhavati | yogināṃ ca deśa-kāla-viprakṛṣṭa-viṣayam api | evaṃ kāma-krodha-śokādi-vyākula-cetasām apohanaṃ ca smṛti-jñānayor apāyaś ca matta eva bhavati |
evaṃ svasya jīva-rūpatām uktvā brahma-rūpatām āha - vedaiś ca sarvair indrādi-devatā-prakāśakair api aham eva vedyaḥ sarvātmatvāt |
indraṃ mitraṃ varuṇam agnim āhur
atho divyaḥ sa suparṇo garutmān |
ekaṃ sad viprā bahudhā vadanti
agniṃ yamaṃ mātariśvānam āhuḥ || [Ṛk 2.3.22.6] iti mantra-varṇāt |
eṣa u hy eva sarve devāḥ iti ca śruteḥ | vedānta-kṛd vedāntārtha-sampradāya-pravartako veda-vyāsādi-rūpeṇa | na kevalam etāvad eva veda-vid eva cāhaṃ karma-kāṇḍopāsanā-kāṇḍa-jñāna-kāṇḍātmaka-mantra-brāhmaṇa-rūpa-sarva-vedārtha-vic cāham eva | ataḥ sādhūktaṃ brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham [Gītā 14.27] ity ādi ||15||
viśvanāthaḥ : yathaiva jaṭhare jaṭharāgnir ahaṃ tathaiva sarvasya carācarasya hṛdi sanniviṣṭo buddhi-tattva-rūpo 'ham eva | yato matto buddhi-tattvād eva pūrvānubhūtārtha-viṣayānusmṛtir bhavati | tathā viṣayendriya-yogajaṃ jñānaṃ ca apohanaṃ smṛti-jñānayor apagamaś ca bhavatīti | jīvasya bandhāvasthāyāṃ svasyopakārakatvam uktvā mokṣāvasthāyāṃ yat prāpyaṃ tatrāpy upakāratvam āha vedair iti | veda-vyāsa-dvārā vedānta-kṛd aham eva yato vedavid vedārtha-tattva-jño 'ham eva matto 'nyo vedārthaṃ na jānātīty arthaḥ ||15||
baladevaḥ : prāṇināṃ jñānājñāna-hetuś cāham evety āha sarvasya ceti | tayoḥ soma-vaiśvānarayoḥ sarvasya ca prāṇi-vṛndasya hṛdi nikhila-pravṛtti-hetu-jñānodaya-dehe 'ham eva niyāmakatvena sanniviṣṭaḥ | antaḥ-praviṣṭaḥ śāstā janānām [TaittA 3.11] | ity ādi-śravaṇāt | ato matta eva sarvasya smṛtiḥ pūṛvānubhūta-vastu-viṣayānusandhi-jñānaṃ ca viṣayendriya-sannikarṣa-janyaṃ jāyate | tayor apohanaṃ pramoṣaś ca matto bhavati | evam uktaṃ uddhavena tvatto jñānaṃ hi jīvānāṃ pramoṣas tatra śaktitaḥ iti |
evaṃ sāṃsārika-bhoga-sādhanatāṃ svasyoktvā mokṣa-sādhanatām āha vedaiś ceti | sarvair nikhilair vedair aham eva sarveśvaraḥ sarva-śaktimān kṛṣṇo vedyaḥ | yo 'sau sarvair vedair gīyate iti śruteḥ | atra karma-kāṇḍena paramparayā jñāna-kāṇḍena tu sākṣād iti bodhyam | katham evaṃ pratyetavyam iti cet tatrāha vedānta-kṛd aham eveti | vedānām anto 'rtha-nirṇayas tat-kṛd aham eva bādarāyaṇātmanā | evam āha sūtra-kāraḥ -- ta tu samanvayāt [Vs 1.1.4] ity ādibhiḥ | nanv anye vedārtham anyathā vyācakṣyate | tatrāha vedavid eva cāham ity aham eva vedavid iti | bādarāyaṇaḥ san yam artham ahaṃ niraṇaiṣaṃ sa eva vedārthas tato 'nyathā tu bhrānti-vijṛmbhita iti | tathā ca mokṣa-pradasya sarveśvara-tattvasya vedair abodhanād aham eva mokṣa-sādhanam ||15||
dvāv imau puruṣau loke kṣaraś cākṣara eva ca |
kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni kūṭastho 'kṣara ucyate ||16||
śrīdharaḥ : idānīṃ tad dhāma paramaṃ mameti yad uktaṃ svakīyaṃ sarvottama-svarūpaṃ tad darśayati dvāv iti tribhiḥ | kṣaraś cākṣaraś ceti dvāv imau puruṣau loke prasiddhau | tāv evāha tatra kṣaraḥ puruṣo nāma sarvāṇi bhūtāni brahmādi-sthāvarāntāni śarīrāṇi | aviveki-lokasya śarīreṣv eva puruṣatva-prasiddheḥ | kuṭo rāśiḥ śilā-rāśiḥ | parvata iva deheṣu naśyatsv api nirvikāratayā tiṣṭhatīti kūṭashtaś cetano bhoktā | sa tv akṣaraḥ puruṣa ity ucyate vivekibhiḥ ||16||
madhusūdanaḥ : evaṃ sopādhikam ātmānam uktvā kṣarākṣara-śabda-vācya-kārya-kāraṇopādhi-dvaya-viyogena nirupādhikaṃ śuddham ātmānaṃ pratipādayati kṛpayā bhagavān arjunāya dvāv imāv iti tribhiḥ ślokaiḥ | dvāv imau pṛthag-rāśī-kṛtau puruṣau puruṣopādhitvena puruṣa-śabda-vyapadeśyau loke saṃsāre | kau tau ? ity āha kṣarākṣara eva ca kṣaratīti kṣaro vināśī kārya-rāśir ekaḥ puruṣaḥ | na kṣaratīty akṣaro vināśa-rahitaḥ kṣarākhyasya puruṣasyotpatti-bījaṃ bhagavato māyā-śaktir dvitīyaḥ puruṣaḥ | tau puruṣau vyācaṣṭe svayam eva bhagavān kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni samastaṃ kārya-jātam ity arthaḥ | kūṭasthaḥ kūṭo yathārtha-vastv-ācchādanenāyathārth-vastu-prakāśanaṃ vañcanaṃ māyety anarthāntaram | tenāvaraṇa-vikṣepa-śakti-dvaya-rūpeṇa
sthitaḥ kūṭastho bhagavān māyā-śakti-rūpaḥ kāraṇopādhiḥ saṃsāra-bījatvenānantyād akṣara ucyate |
kecit tu kṣara-śabdenācetana-vargam uktvā kūṭastho 'kṣara ucyata ity anena jīvam āhuḥ | tan na samyak | kṣetrajñasyaiveha puruṣottamatvena pratipādyatvāt | tasmāt kṣarākṣara-śabdābhyāṃ kārya-kāraṇopādhī ubhāv api jaḍāv evocyete ity eva yuktam ||16||
viśvanāthaḥ : yasmād aham eva vedavit tasmāt sarva-vedārtha-niṣkarṣaṃ saṅkṣepeṇa bravīmi śṛṇu ity āha dvāv imāv iti tribhiḥ | loke caturdaśa-bhuvanātmake jaḍa-prapañce imau dvau puruṣau cetanau staḥ | kau tāv ata āha kṣaraṃ sva-svarūpāt kṣarati vicyuto bhavatīti kṣaro jīvaḥ | sva-svarūpān na kṣaratīty akṣara brahmaiva | etad vai tad akṣaraṃ gārgi brāhmaṇā vividiṣanti | iti śruteḥ | akṣaraṃ brahma paramam iti smṛteś ca akṣara-śabdo brahma-vācaka eva dṛṣṭaḥ | kṣarākṣarayor arthaṃ punar viśadayati sarvāṇi bhūtāni eko jīva eva anādy-avidyayā svarūpa-vicyutaḥ san karma-paratantraḥ samaṣṭy-ātmako brahmādi-sthāvarāntāni bhūtāni bhavatīty arthaḥ | jātyā vā ekavacanam | dvitīya-puruṣo 'kṣaras tu kūṭastha ekenaiva svarūpeṇavicyutimatā sarva-kāla-vyāpī
| ekarūpatayā tu yaḥ kāla-vyāpī sa kūṭasthaḥ ity amaraḥ ||16||
baladevaḥ : bādarāyaṇātmanā nirṇītaṃ vedārthaṃ saṅkṣipyāha dvāv iti | lokyate tattvam anena iti vyutpatter loke vede | dvau puruṣau prathitau imāv iti pramāṇa-siddhatā sūcyate | tau kāv ity āha kṣaraś ceti | śarīra-kṣaraṇāt kṣaro 'nekāvastho baddho 'cit-saṃsargaika-dharma-sambandhād ekatvena nirdiṣṭaḥ | akṣaras tad-abhāvād ekāvastho mukto 'cid-viyogaika-dharma-sambandhād ekatvena nirdiṣṭaḥ | kṣarākṣarau sphuṭayati sarvāṇi brahmādi-stambāntāni bhūtāni kṣaraḥ | kūtasthaḥ sadiakāvastho muktas tv akṣaraḥ | ekatva-nirdeśaḥ prāg-ukta-yukter bodhyaḥ | bahavo jñāna-tapasā ity ādeḥ | idaṃ jñānam upāśritya ity ādeś ca bahutva-saṅkhyākaḥ saḥ ||16||
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BhG 15.17
uttamaḥ puruṣas tv anyaḥ paramātmety udāhṛtaḥ |
yo loka-trayam āviśya bibharty avyaya īśvaraḥ ||17||
śrīdharaḥ : yad artham etau lakṣitau tam āha uttama iti | etābhyāṃ kṣarāksarābhyām anyo vilakṣaṇas tu uttamaḥ puruṣaḥ | vailakṣaṇyam evāha paramaś cāsāv ātmā cety udāhṛtaḥ uktaḥ śrutibhiḥ | ātmatvena kṣarād acetanād vilakṣaṇaḥ | paramatvenākṣarāc cetanād bhoktur vilakṣaṇa ity arthaḥ | paramātmatvaṃ darśayati yo loka-trayam iti | ya īśvara īśana-śīlo 'vyayaś ca nirvikāra eva san loka-trayaṃ kṛsnam āviśya bibharti pālayati ||17||
madhusūdanaḥ : ābhyāṃ kṣarākṣarābhyāṃ vilakṣaṇaḥ kṣarākṣaropādhi-dvaya-doṣeṇāspṛṣṭo nitya-śuddha-buddha-mukta-svabhāvaḥ uttama iti | uttama utkṛṣṭatamaḥ puruṣas tv anyonya evātyanta-vilakṣaṇa ābhyāṃ kṣarākṣarābhyāṃ jaḍa-rāśibhyām ubhaya-bhāsakas tṛtīyaś cetana-rāśir ity arthaḥ | paramātmety udāhṛto 'nna-maya-prāṇa-maya-mano-maya-jñāna-mayānanda-mayebhyaḥ pañcabhyo 'vidyā-kalpitātmabhyaḥ paramaḥ prakṛṣṭo 'kalpito brahma pucchaṃ pratiṣṭhety ukta ātmā ca sarva-bhūtānāṃ pratyak-cetana ity ataḥ paramātmety uktao vedānteṣu | yaḥ paramātmā loka-trayam bhūr-bhuvaḥ-svar-ākhyaṃ sarvaṃ jagad iti yāvat | āviśya svakīyayā māyā-śaktyādhiṣṭhāya bibharti sattā-sphūrti-pradānena dhārayati poṣayati ca | kīdṛśaḥ
? avyayaḥ sarva-vikāra-śūnya īśvaraḥ sarvasya niyantā nārāyaṇaḥ sa uttamaḥ puruṣaḥ paramātmety udāhṛta ity anvayaḥ | sa uttamaḥ puruṣa iti śruteḥ ||17||
viśvanāthaḥ : jñānibhir upāsyaṃ brahmoktvā yogibhir upāsyaṃ paramātmānam āha uttama iti | tu-śabdaḥ pūrva-vaiśiṣṭhyād dyotakaḥ | jñānibhyaś cādhiko yogīty upāsaka-vaiśiṣṭyād evopāsya-vaiśiṣṭyaṃ ca labhyate | paramātma-tattvam eva darśayati ya īśvara īsana-śīlo 'vyayo nirvikāra eva san loka-trayaṃ kṛtsnam āviśya bibharti dhārayati pālayati ca ||17||
baladevaḥ : yad arthaṃ dvau puruṣau nirūpitau tam āha uttama iti | anyaḥ kṣarākṣarābhyāṃ na tu tayor evaikaḥ saṅkalpa iti bhāvaḥ | tatra śruti-sammatim āha paramātmeti | uttamatā-prayojakaṃ dharmam āha yo loketi | na caitaj jagad-vidhāraṇa-pālana-rūpam īśanaṃ baddhasya jīvasya karmāsambhavāt | na ca muktasya jagad-vyāpāra-varjam iti pratiṣedhāc ca ||17||
__________________________________________________________
BhG 15.18
yasmāt kṣaram atīto 'ham akṣarād api cottamaḥ |
ato 'smi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ ||18||
śrīdharaḥ : evam uktaṃ puruṣottamatvam ātmano nāma-nirvacanena darśayati yasmādi it | yasmāt kṣaraṃ jaḍa-vargam atikrānto 'haṃ nityam uktatvāt | akṣarāc cetana-vargād apy uttamaś ca niyantṛtvāt | ato loke vede ca puruṣottama iti prathitaḥ prakhyāto 'smi | tathā ca śrutiḥ - sa eva sarvasyeśānaḥ sarvasyādhipatiḥ sarvam idaṃ praśāstīty ādi ||18||
madhusūdanaḥ : idānīṃ yathā-vyākhyāteśvarasya kṣarākṣara-vilakṣaṇasya puruṣottama ity etat prasiddha-nāma-nirvacanenedṛśaḥ parameśvaro 'ham evety ātmānaṃ darśayati bhagavān brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāhaṃ [Gītā 14.27] tad dhāma paramaṃ mama [Gītā 15.6] ityādi prāg-ukta-nija-mahima-nirdhāraṇāya yasmād iti | yasmāt kṣaraṃ kāryatvena vināśinaṃ māyāmayaṃ saṃsāra-vṛklṣam aśvatthākhyam atīto 'tikrānto 'haṃ parameśvaro 'kṣarād api māyākhyād avyākṛtād akṣarāt parataḥ para iti pañcamy-antākṣara-padena pratipāditāt saṃsāra-vṛkṣa-bīja-bhūtāt sarva-kāraṇād api cottama utkṛṣṭatamaḥ | ataḥ kṣarākṣarābhyāṃ puruṣotpādhibhyām adhyāsena puruṣa-pada-vyapadśyābhyām uttamatvād asmi bhavāmi loke vede ca prathitaḥ prakhyātaḥ puruṣottama
iti sa uttamaḥ puruṣa iti veda udāhṛta eva loke ca kavi-kāvyādau harir yathaikaḥ puruṣottamaḥ smṛtaḥ ity ādi prasiddham |
kāruṇyato naravad ācarataḥ parārthān
pārthāya bodhitavato nijam īśvaratvam |
sac-cit-ukhaika-vapuṣaḥ puruṣottamasya
nārāyaṇasya mahimā na hi mānam eti ||
kecin nigṛhya karaṇāni visṛjya bhogam
āsthāya yogam amalātma-dhiyo yatante |
nārāyaṇasya mahimānam ananta-pāram
āsvādayann amṛta-sāram ahaṃ tu muktaḥ ||18||
viśvanāthaḥ : yogibhir upāsyaṃ paramātmānam uktvā bhaktair upāsyaṃ bhagavantaṃ vadan bhagavattve 'pi svasya kṛṣṇa-svarūpasya puruṣottama iti nāma vyācakṣāṇaḥ sarvotkarṣam āha yasmād iti | kṣaraṃ puruṣaṃ jīvātmānam atītaḥ akṣarāt puruṣāt brahmata uttamād avikārāt paramātmanaḥ puruṣād apy uttamaḥ |
yoginām api sarveṣāṃ
mad-gatenāntarātmanā |
śraddhāvān bhajate yo māṃ
sa me yuktatamo mataḥ || [Gītā 6.47] iti |
upāsaka-vaiśiṣṭyād evopāsya-vaiśiṣṭya-lābhāt | ca-kārād bhagavato vaikuṇṭha-nāthādeḥ sakāśād api ete cāṃśa-kalāḥ puṃsaḥ kṛṣṇas tu bhagavān svayam iti sūtokter aham uttamaḥ |
atra yadyapy ekam eva sac-cid-ānanda-svarūpaṃ vastu brahma-paramātma-bhagavat-śabdair ucyate na tu vastutaḥ svarūpataḥ ko 'pi bhedo 'sti svarūpa-dvayābhāvāt (BhP 6.9.35) iti ṣaṣṭha-skandhokteḥ | tad api tat-tad-upāsakānāṃ sādhanataḥ phalataś ca bheda-darśanāt bheda iva vyavahriyate | tathā hi brahma-paramātma-bhagavad-upāsakānāṃ krameṇa tat-tat-prāpti-sādhanaṃ jñānaṃ yogo bhaktiś ca | phalaṃ ca jñāna-yogayor vastuto mokṣa eva, bhaktes tu premavat-pārṣadatvaṃ ca | tatra bhaktyā vinā jñāna-yogābhyāṃ naiṣkarmyam apy acyuta-bhāva-varjitaṃ na śobhate [BhP 1.5.12] iti | pureha bhūman bahavo 'pi yoginaḥ [BhP 10.14.5] ity ādi-darśanāt na mokṣa iti |
brahmopāsakaiḥ paramātmopāsakaiḥ sva-sādhya-phala-siddhy-arthaṃ bhagavato bhaktir avaśyaṃ kartavyaiva | bhagavad-upāsakas tu sva-sādhya-phala-siddhy-arthaṃ na brahmopāsanāpi paramātmopāsanā kriyate | na jñānaṃ na ca vairāgyaṃ prāyaḥ śreyo bhaved iha [BhP 11.20.31] iti, yat karmabhir yat tapasā jñāna-vairāgyataś ca yat [BhP 11.20.32] ity ādau -
sarvaṃ mad-bhakti-yogena
mad-bhakto labhate 'ñjasā |
svargāpavargaṃ mad-dhāma
kathañcid yadi vāñchati || iti [BhP 11.20.33] |
yā vai sādhana-sampattiḥ
puruṣārtha-catuṣṭaye |
tayā vinā tad āpnoti
naro nārāyaṇāśrayaḥ || ity ādi vacanebhyaḥ ||
ataeva bhagavad-upāsanayā svargāpavarga-premādīni sarva-phalāny eva labdhuṃ śakyante | brahma-paramātmopāsanayā tu na premādīnīty ata eva brahma-paramātmābhyāṃ bhagavad-utkarṣaḥ khalu abhede 'py ucyate | yathā tejastvenābhede 'pi jyotir dīpāgni-puñjeṣu madhye śītādy-ārti-kṣayād dhetor agni-puñja eva śreṣṭha ucyate | tatrāpi bhagavataḥ śrī-kṛṣṇasya tu parama evotkarṣaḥ | yathā agni-puñjād api sūryasya, yena brahmopāsanā-paripākato labhyo nirvāṇa-mokṣaḥ sva-dveṣṭṛbhyo 'py agha-bak-jarāsandhādibhyo mahā-pāpibhyo datta iti | ataeva brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham ity atra yathāvad eva vyākhyātaṃ śrī-svāmi-caraṇaiḥ |
śrī-madhusūdana-sarasvatī-pādair api --
cid-ānandākāraṃ jalada-ruci-sāraṃ śruti-girāṃ
vraja-strīṇāṃ hāraṃ bhava-jaladhi-pāraṃ kṛta-dhiyām |
vihantuṃ bhūbhāraṃ vidadhad-avatāraṃ muhur aho
tato vāraṃ vāraṃ bhajata kuśalārambha-kṛtinaḥ || iti |
vaṃśī-vvibhūṣita-karān nava-nīradābhāt
pītāmbarād aruṇa-bimba-phalādharauṣṭhāt |
pūrṇendu-sundara-mukhād aravinda-netrāt
kṛṣṇāt paraṃ kim api tattvam ahaṃ na jāne || iti |
pramāṇato 'pi nirṇīyaṃ
kṛṣṇa-māhātmyam adbhutam |
na śaknuvanti ye soḍhuṃ
te mūḍhā nirayaṃ gatāḥ ||
ity uktavadbhiḥ kṛṣṇe sarvotkarṣa eva vyavasthāpita ity ataḥ dvāv imau ity ādi śloka-trayasyāsya vyākhyāyām asyām abhyasūyā nāviṣkartavyā | namo 'stu kevala-vidbhyaḥ ||18||
baladevaḥ : atha puruṣottama-nāma-nirvacanaṃ svasya tattvam āha yasmād iti uttama utkṛṣṭatamaḥ | loke pauruṣeyāgame lokyate vedārtho 'nena iti nirukteḥ | vede tāvad eṣa samprasādo 'smāc charīrāt samutthāya paraṃ jyotīrūpaṃ sampadya svena rūpeṇābhiniṣpadyate, sa uttamaḥ puruṣaḥ ity ādau prathitaḥ yat paraṃ jyotiḥ samprasādenopasampannaṃ sa uttamaḥ puruṣaḥ paramātmetiy arthaḥ | loke ca -
tair vijñāpita-kāryas tu
bhagavān puruṣottamaḥ |
avatīrṇo mahā-yogī
satyavatyāṃ parāśarāt || [SkandaP] ity ādau prathitaḥ ||18||
__________________________________________________________
BhG 15.19
yo mām evam asaṃmūḍho jānāti puruṣottamam |
sa sarva-vid bhajati māṃ sarva-bhāvena bhārata ||19||
śrīdharaḥ : evambhūteśvarasya jñātuḥ phalam āha ya iti | evam ukta-prakāreṇāsammūḍho niścita-matiḥ san yo māṃ puruṣottamaṃ jānāti sa sarva-bhāvena sarva-prakāreṇa mām eva bhajati | tataś ca sarvavit sarvajño bhavati ||19||
madhusūdanaḥ : evaṃ nāma-nirvacana-jñāne phalam āha yo mām iti | yo mām īśvaram evaṃ yathokta-nāma-nirvacanenāsaṃmūḍho manuṣya evāyaṃ kaścit kṛṣṇa iti saṃmoha-varjito jānāty ayam īśvara eveti puruṣottamaṃ prāg vyākhyātaṃ sa māṃ bhajati sevate sarvavin māṃ sarvātmānaṃ vettīti sa eva sarvajñaḥ sarva-bhāvena prema-lakṣaṇena bhakti-yogena he bhārata | ato yad uktam -
māṃ ca yo 'vyabhicāreṇa bhakti-yogena sevate |
sa guṇān samatītyaitān brahma-bhūyāya kalpate || [Gītā 14.26] iti tad upapannam |
yathoktaṃ brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham iti tad apy upapannataram |
cid-ānandākāraṃ jalada-ruci-sāraṃ śruti-girāṃ
vraja-strīṇāṃ hāraṃ bhava-jaladhi-pāraṃ kṛta-dhiyām |
vihantuṃ bhūbhāraṃ vidadhad-avatāraṃ muhur aho
tato vāraṃ vāraṃ bhajata kuśalārambha-kṛtinaḥ ||19||
viśvanāthaḥ : nanv etasmiṃs tvayā vyavasthāpite 'py arthe vādino vivadanta eva, tatra vivadantāṃ te man-māyā-mohitāḥ sādhus tu na muhyatīty āha yo mām iti | asammūḍho vādināṃ vādiar aprāpta-saṃmohaḥ | sa eva sarvavid anadhīta-śāstre 'pi sa sarva-śāstrārtha-tattva-jñaḥ | tad-anyaḥ kilādhītādhyāśita-sarva-śāstre 'pi saṃmūḍhaḥ samyaṅ-mūrkha eveti bhāvaḥ | tathā ya evaṃ jānāti sa eva māṃ sarvato-bhāvena bhajati | tad anye bhajann api na māṃ bhajatīty arthaḥ ||19||
baladevaḥ : tātparya-dyotanāya puruṣottamatva-vettuḥ phalam āha yo mām iti | evaṃ mad-ukta-niruktyā na tv aśva-karṇādivat saṃjñā-mātratvena | yo māṃ puruṣottamaṃ jānāty asaṃmūḍhaḥ | prokte puruṣottamatve saṃśaya-śūnyaḥ san, sa śloka-trayasyaivārthaṃ jānan sarva-vit | nikhilasya vedasya tatraiva tātparyāt | puruṣottamatvajño māṃ sarva-bhāvena sarva-prakāreṇa bhajaty upāste | sarva-vedārtha-vettari sarva-bhakty-aṅgānuṣṭhātari ca yo me prasādaḥ sa tasmin bhaved iti me puruṣottamatve sandihānas tv adhīta-sarva-vedo 'py ajñaḥ | sarvathā bhajann apy abhakta iti bhāvaḥ ||19||
__________________________________________________________
BhG 15.20
iti guhyatamaṃ śāstram idam uktaṃ mayānagha |
etad buddhvā buddhimān syāt kṛta-kṛtyaś ca bhārata ||20||
śrīdharaḥ : adhyāyārtham upasaṃharati itīti | ity anena saṃkṣepa-prakāreṇa guhyatamam atirahasyaṃ sampūrṇaṃ śāstram eva mayoktam | na tu punar viṃśati-ślokam adhyāya-mātraṃ he anagha vyasana-śūnya | ata etan mad-uktaṃ śāstraṃ buddhyā buddhimān samyag jñānī syaāt | ṛta-kṛtyaś ca syāt | yo 'pi ko 'pi he bhārata tvaṃ kṛta-kṛtyo 'sīti kiṃ vaktavyam iti bhāvaḥ ||20||
saṃsāra-śākhinaṃ chittvā spaṣṭaṃ pañcadaśe vibhuḥ |
puruṣottama-yogākhye paraṃ padam upādiśat ||
iti śrī-śrīdhara-svāmi-kṛtāyāṃ bhagavad-gītā-ṭīkāyāṃ subodhinyāṃ
puruṣottama-yogo nāma pañcadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ
||15||
madhusūdanaḥ : idānīm adhyāyārthaṃ stuvann upasaṃharati itīti | iti anena prakāreṇa guhyatamaṃ rahasyatamaṃ sampūrṇaṃ śāstram eva saṃkṣepeṇedam asminn adhyāye mayoktaṃ he 'naghāvyasana | etad buddhvānyo 'pi yaḥ kaścid buddhimān ātma-jñānavān syāt kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ kṛtyaṃ yena na punaḥ kṛtyāntaraṃ yasyāsti sa kṛtakṛtyaś ca syāt | viśiṣṭa-janma-prasūtena brāhmaṇena yat kartavyaṃ tat sarvaṃ bhagavat-tattve vidite kṛtaṃ bhavet na tv anyathā kartavyaṃ parisamāpyate kasyacid ity abhiprāyaḥ | he bhārata tvaṃ tu mahākula-prasūtaḥ svayaṃ ca vyasana-rahita iti kula-guṇena sva-guṇena caitad buddhvā kṛta-kṛtyo bhaviṣyasīti kim u vaktavyam ity abhiprāyaḥ ||20||
vaṃśī-vibhūṣita-karān nava-nīradābhāt
pītāmbarād aruṇa-bimba-phalādharoṣṭhāt |
pūrṇendu-sundara-mukhād aravinda-netrāt
kṛṣṇāt paraṃ kim api tattvam ahaṃ na jāne ||1||
sadā sadānanda-pade nimagnaṃ mano manobhāvam apākaroti |
gatāgatāyāsam apāsya sadyaḥ parāparātītam upaiti tattvam ||2||
śaivāḥ saurāś ca gāṇeśā vaiṣṇavāḥ śakti-pūjakāḥ |
bhavanti yan-mayāḥ sarve so 'ham asmi paraḥ śivaḥ ||3||
pramāṇato 'pi nirṇīyaṃ kṛṣṇa-māhātmyam adbhutam |
na śaknuvanti ye soḍhuṃ te mūḍhā nirayaṃ gatāḥ ||4||
iti śrīmat-paramahaṃsa-parivrājakācārya-śrī-viśveśvara-sarasvatī-pāda-śiṣya-śrī-madhusūdana-sarasvatī-viracitāyāṃ śrīmad-bhagavad-gītā-gūḍhārtha-dīpikāyām puruṣottam-yogo nāma ṣoḍaśo 'dhyāyaḥ
||15||
viśvanāthaḥ : adhyāyārtham upasaṃharati itīti | viṃśatyā ślokair ebhir atirahasyaṃ śāstram eva sampūrṇaṃ mayoktam ||20||
jaḍa-caitanya-vargāṇāṃ vivṛtaṃ kurvatā kṛtam |
kṛṣṇa eva mahotkarṣa ity adhyāyārtha īritaḥ ||
iti sārārtha-varṣiṇyāṃ harṣiṇyāṃ bhakta-cetasām |
gītāsv ayaṃ pañcadaśaḥ saṅgataḥ saṅgataḥ satām ||
||15||
baladevaḥ : athaitad apātreṣv aprakāśyam iti bhāvenāha itīti | ity evaṃ saṃkṣepa-rūpaṃ puruṣottamatva-nirūpakam idaṃ triślokī-śāstraṃ tubhyaṃ parama-bhaktāya mayoktam | he anagha, tvaāpy apātreṣu naitat prakāśyam iti bhāvaḥ | etad buddhvā buddhimān parokṣa-jñānī syāt | kṛtakṛtyo 'parokṣa-jñānī ceti puruṣottamatva-jñānam abhyarcyate ||20||
baddhān muktāc ca yaḥ puṃso bhinnas tad-bhṛt tad-uttamaḥ |
sa pumān harir eveti prāptaṃ pañcadaśād ataḥ ||
iti śrīmad-bhagavad-gītopaniṣad-bhāṣye pañcadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ
||15||
Bhagavad-gītā - pañcadaśo 'dhyāyaḥ