Ramanuja: Sribhsya 1,1.3

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description:multibyte sequence:
long a ā
long A Ā
long i ī
long I Ī
long u ū
long U Ū
vocalic r ṛ
vocalic R Ṛ
long vocalic r ṝ
vocalic l ḷ
vocalic L Ḷ
long vocalic l ḹ
velar n ṅ
velar N Ṅ
palatal n ñ
palatal N Ñ
retroflex t ṭ
retroflex T Ṭ
retroflex d ḍ
retroflex D Ḍ
retroflex n ṇ
retroflex N Ṇ
palatal s ś
palatal S Ś
retroflex s ṣ
retroflex S Ṣ
anusvara ṃ
visarga ḥ
long e ē
long o ō
l underbar ḻ
r underbar ṟ
n underbar ṉ
k underbar ḵ
t underbar ṯ

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jagajjanmādikāraṇaṃ brahma vedāntavedyam ity uktam / tad ayuktam; tad dhi na vākyapratipādyam /
anumānena siddheḥ ity āśaṅkyāha ---


śāstrayonitvāt //1,1.3//



śastraṃ yasya yoniḥ kāraṇaṃ, pramāṇam, tac chāstrayoniḥ; tasya bhāvaś śāstrayonitvam; tasmāt /

brahmajñānakāraṇatvāc chāstrasya tadyonitvaṃ brahmaṇaḥ / atyantātīndriyatvena pratyakṣādipramāṇāviṣayatayā brahmaṇaś śāstraikapramāṇakatvād uktasvarūpaṃ brahma yato vā imāni bhūtānītyādivākyaṃ bodhayaty evetyarthaḥ //

nanu śāstrayonitvaṃ brahmaṇo na saṃbhavati, pramāṇāntaravedyatvād brahaṇaḥ, aprāpte tu śāstram arthavat / kiṃ tarhi tatra pramāṇam? na tāvatpratyakṣam / tad dhi dvividham indriyasaṃbhavaṃ yogasaṃbhavaṃ ceti / indriyasaṃbhavaṃ ca bāhyasaṃbhavam āntarasaṃbhavaṃ ceti dvividhā / bāhyendriyāṇi vidyamānasannikarṣayogyasvaviṣayabodhajananānīti na sarvārthasākṣātkāratannirmāṇasamarthapuruṣaviśeṣaviṣayabodhajananāni / nāpy āntaram; āntarasukhaduḥkhādivyatiriktabahirviṣayeṣu tasya bāhyendriyānapekṣapravṛttyanupapatteḥ / nāpi yogajanyam; bhāvanāprakarṣaparyantajanmanas tasya viśadāvabhāsatve 'pi pūrvānubhūtaviṣayasmṛtimātratvān na prāmāṇyam iti kutaḥ pratyakṣatā ? tadatiriktaviṣayatve kāraṇābhāvāt; tathā sati tasya bhramarūpavatā / nāpy anumānaṃ viśeṣatodṛṣṭaṃ sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ vā / atīndriye vastuni saṃbandhāvadhāraṇavirahān na viśeṣatodṛṣṭam / samastavastusākṣātkāratannirmāṇasamarthapuruṣaviśeṣaniyataṃ sāmānyatodṛṣṭam api na liṅgam upalabhayte /

nanu ca jagataḥ kāryatvaṃ tadupādānopakaraṇasaṃpradānaprayojanābhijñakartṛkatvavyāptam / acetanārabdhaṃm jagataś caikacetanādhīnatvena vyāptam / sarvaṃ hi ghaṭādikāryaṃ tadupādānopakaraṇasaṃpradānaprayojanābhijñakartṛkaṃ dṛṣṭam / acetanārabdham arogaṃ svaśarīram ekacetanādhīnaṃ ca / sāvayavatvena jagataḥ kāryatvam /

ucyate / kim idam ekacetanādhīnatvam ? na tāvat tadāyattotpattisthititvam; dṛṣṭānto hi sādhyavikalaḥ syāt / na hy arogaṃ svaśarīram ekacetanāyattotpattisthiti; taccharīrasya bhoktṝṇāṃ bhāryādisarvacenatānām adṛṣṭajanyatvāt tadutpattisthityoḥ / kiṃ ca, śarīrāvayavinaḥ svāvayavasamavetatārūpā sthitir avayavasaṃśleṣavyatirekeṇa na cetanam apekṣate / prāṇanalakṣaṇā tu sthitiḥ pakṣatvābhimate kṣitijaladhimahīdharādau na saṃbhavatīti pakṣasapakṣānugatām ekarūpāṃ sthitiṃ nopalabhāmahe / tad āyattapravṛttitvaṃ tadadhīnatvam iti cet, anekacetanasādhyeṣu gurutararathaśilāmahīruhādiṣu vyabhicāraḥ / cetanamātrādhīnatve siddhasādhyatā /

kiṃ ca, ubhayavādisiddhānāṃ jīvānām eva lāghavena kartṛtvābhyupagamo yuktaḥ / na ca jīvānām upādānādyanabhijñatayā kartṛtvāsaṃbhavaḥ; sarveṣām eva cetanānāṃ pṛthivyādyupādānayāgādyupakaraṇasākṣātkārasāmarthyāt; yathedānīṃ pṛthivyādayo yāgādayaś ca pratyakṣam īkṣyante / upakaraṇabhūtayāgādiśaktirūpāpūrvādiśabdavācyādṛṣṭasākṣātkārābhāve 'pi cetanānāṃ na kartṛtvānupapattiḥ; tatsākṣātkārānapekṣaṇāt kāryārambhasya / bhaktimatsākṣātkāra eva hi kāryārambhopayogī; śaktes tu jñānamātram evopayujyate, na sākṣātkāraḥ / na hi kulālādayaḥ kāryopakaraṇabhūtadaṇḍacakrādivat tacchaktim api sākṣātkṛtya ghaṭamaṇikādikāryam ārabhante / iha tu cetanānām āgamāvagatayāgādiśaktiviśeṣāṇāṃ kāryārambho nānupapannaḥ /

kiṃ ca, yacchakyakriyaṃ śakyopādānādivijñānaṃ ca tad eva tadabhijñakartṛkaṃ dṛṣṭam / mahīmahīdharamahārṇavādi tv aśakyakriyam aśakyopādānādivijñānaṃ ceti na cetanakartṛkam / ato ghaṭamaṇikādi sajātīyaśakyakriyaśakyopādānādivijñānavastugatam eva kāryatvaṃ buddhimankartṛpūrvakatvasādhane prabhavati /

kiṃ ca, ghaṭādikāryam anīśvareṇālpajñānaśaktinā saśarīreṇa parigrahavatānāptakāmena nirmitaṃ dṛṣṭam iti tathāvidham eva cetanaṃ kartāraṃ sādhayann ayaṃ kāryatvahetus siṣādhayiṣitapuruṣasārvajñyasarvāiśvaryādiviparītasādhanād viruddhas syāt / na caitāvatā sarvānumānocchedaprasaṅgaḥ / liṅgini pramāṇāntaragocare liṅgabalopasthāpitā viparītaviśeṣās tatpramāṇapratihatagatayo nivartante / iha tu sakaletarapramāṇāviṣaye liṅgini nikhilanirmāṇacature anvayavyatirekāvagatāvinābhāvaniyamā dharmās sarva evāviśeṣeṇa prasajyante; nivartakapramāṇābhāvāt tathaivāvatiṣṭhante / ata āgamād ṛte katham īśvaras setsyati ?

atrāhuḥ / sāvayavatvād eva jagataḥ kāryatvaṃ na pratyākhyātuṃ śakyate / bhavanti ca prayogāḥ vivādādhyāsitaṃ bhūbhūdharādi kāryam, sāvayavatvāt, ghaṭādivat / tathā vivādādhyāsitam avanijaladhimahīdharādi kāryam, mahattve sati kriyāvattvāt, ghaṭavat / tanubhuvanādi kāryam, mahattve sati mūrtatvāt, ghaṭavat iti / sāvayaveṣu dravyeṣu idam eva kriyate netarad iti kāryatvasya niyāmakaṃ sāvayavatvātireki rūpāntaraṃ nopalabhāmahe / kāryatvapratiniyataṃ śakyakriyatvaṃ śakyopādānādivijñānatvaṃ copalabhyata iti cen na; kāryatvenānumate 'pi viṣaye jñānaśaktī kāryānumeye ity anyatrāpi sāvayavatvādinā kāryatvaṃ jñātam iti te ca pratipanne eveti na kaścid viśeṣaḥ / tathā hi ghaṭamaṇikādiṣu kṛteṣu kāryadarśanānumitakartṛgatatannirmāṇaśaktijñānaḥ puruṣo 'dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ vicitrasanniveśaṃ narendrabhavanam ālokya avayavasanniveṣaviśeṣeṇa tasya kāryatvaṃ niścitya tadānīm eva kartus tajjñānaśaktivaicitryam anuminoti / atas tanubhuvanādeḥ kāryatve siddhe sarvasākṣātkāratannirmāṇādinipuṇaḥ kvacit puruṣaviśeṣas sidhyaty eva /

kiṃ ca sarvacetanānāṃ dharmādharmanimitte 'pi sukhaduḥkhopabhoge cetanānadhiṣṭhitayos tayor acetanayoḥ phalahetutvānupapattes sarvakarmānuguṇasarvaphalapradānacaturaḥ kaścid āstheyaḥ; vardhakinānadhiṣṭhitasya vāsyāder acetanasya deśakālādyanekaparikarasannidhāne 'pi yūpādinirmāṇasādhanatvādarśanāt / bījāṅkuarādeḥ pakṣāntarbhāvena tair vyabhicārāpādanaṃ śrotriyavetālānām anabhijñatāvijṛmbhitam / tata eva sukhādibhir vyabhicāravacanam api tathaiva / na ca lāghavenobhayavādisaṃpratipannakṣetrajñānām eva īdṛśādhiṣṭhātṛtvakalpanaṃ yuktam; teṣāṃ sūkṣmavyavahitaviprakṛṣṭadarśanaśaktiniścayāt / darśanānuguṇaiva hi sarvatra kalpanā / na ca kṣetrajñavad īśvarasyāśaktiniścayo 'sti / ataḥ prāmāṇāntaro na tatsiddhyanupapattiḥ / samarthakartṛpūrvakatvaniyatakāryatvahetunā sidhyan svābhāvikasarvasākṣātkāratanniyamanaśaktisaṃpanna eva sidhyati /

yat tv anaiśvaryādyāpādanena dharmaviśeṣaviparītasādhanatvam unnītam, tadanumānavṛttānabhijñatvanibandhanam; sapakṣe sahadṛṣṭānāṃ sarveṣāṃ kāryasyāhetubhūtānāṃ ca dharmāṇāṃ liṅginy aprāpteḥ / etad uktaṃ bhavati / kenacit kiṃcit kriyamāṇaṃ svotpattaye kartus svanirmāṇasāmarthyaṃ svopādānopakaraṇajñānaṃ cāpekṣate; na tv anyāsāmarthyam anyajñānaṃ ca, hetutvābhāvāt / svanirmāṇasāmarthyasvopādānopakaraṇajñānābhyām eva svotpattāv upapannāyāṃ saṃbandhitayā darśanamātreṇākiṃcitkarasyārthāntarājñānādeḥ hetutvakalpanāyogād iti / na tāvat sarvaviṣayam; na hi kulālādiḥ kriyamāṇavyatiriktaṃ kim api na jānāti / nāpi katipayaviṣayam; sarveṣu kartṛṣu tattadajñānāśaktyaniyamena sarveṣām ajñānādīnāṃ vyabhicārāt / ataḥ kāryatvasyāsādhakānām anīśvaratvādīnāṃ liṅginy apratītir iti na viparītasādhanatvam /

kulālādīnāṃ daṇḍacakrādyadhiṣṭhānaṃ śarīradvāreṇaiva dṛṣṭam iti jagadupādānopakaraṇādhiṣṭhānam īśvarasyāśarīrasyānupapannam iti cen na; saṃkalpamātreṇaiva paraśarīragatabhūtavetālagaralādyapagamavināśadarśanāt / katham aśarīrasya parapravartanarūpas saṃkalpa iti cet; na śarīrāpekṣas saṃkalpaḥ, śarīrasya saṃkalpahetutvābhāvāt / mana eva hi saṃkalpahetuḥ / tadabhyupagatam īśvare 'pi; kāryatvenaiva jñānaśaktivan manaso 'pi prāptatvāt / mānasas saṃkalpas saśarīrasyaiva, saśarīrasyaiva samanaskatvād iti cen na; manaso nityatvena dehāpagame 'pi manasas sadbhāvenānaikāntyāt /

ato vicitrāvayavasanniveśaviśeṣatanubhuvanādikāryanirmāṇe puṇyapāpaparavaśaḥ parimitaśaktijñānaḥ kṣetrajño na prabhavatīti nikhilabhuvananirmāṇacaturo 'cintyāparimitajñānaśaktyaiśvaryo 'śarīraḥ saṃkalpamātrasādhanapariniṣpannānantavistāravicitraracanaprapañcaḥ puruṣaviśeṣa īśvaro 'numānenaiva siddhyati / ataḥ pramāṇāntarāvaseyatvād brahmaṇo naitadvākyaṃ brahma pratipādayati /

kiṃ ca, atyantabhinnayor eva mṛddravyakulālayor nimittopādānatvadarśanena ākāśāder niravayavadravyasya kāryatvānupapattyā ca naikam eva brahma kṛtsnasya jagato nimittam upādānaṃ ca pratipādayituṃ śaknotīti //

evaṃ prāpte brūmaḥ yathoktalakṣaṇaṃ brahma janmādivākyaṃ bodhayaty eva / kutaḥ? śāstraikapramāṇakatvād brahmaṇaḥ / yad uktaṃ sāvayavatvādinā kāryaṃ sarvaṃ jagat, kāryaṃ ca taducitakartṛviśeṣapūrvakaṃ dṛṣṭam iti nikhilajagannirmāṇatadupādānopakaraṇavedanacaturaḥ kaścid anumeya iti; tad ayuktam; mahīmahārṇavādīnāṃ kāryatve 'pi ekadaivaikenaiva nirmitā ity atra pramāṇābhāvāt / na caikasya ghaṭasyeva sarveṣām ekaṃ kāryatvam, yenaikadaikaḥ kartā syāt / pṛthagbhūteṣu kāryeṣu kālabhedakartṛbhedadarśanena kartṛkālāikyaniyamādarśanāt / na ca kṣetrajñānāṃ vicitrajagannirmāṇaśaktyā kāryatvabalena tadatiriktakalpanāyām anekakalpanānupapatteś ca ekaḥ kartā bhavitum arhatīti; kṣetrajñānām evopacitapuṇyaviśeṣāṇāṃ śaktivaicitryadarśanena teṣām evātiśayitādṛṣṭasaṃbhāvanayā ca tattadvilakṣaṇakāryahetutvasaṃbhavāt, tadatiriktātyantādṛṣṭapuruṣakalpanānupapatteḥ / na ca yugapat sarvotpattis sarvocchittiś ca pramāṇapadavīm adhirohataḥ; adarśanāt, krameṇaivotpattivināśadarśanāc ca / kāryatvena sarvotpattivināśayoḥ kalpyamānayoḥ darśanānuguṇyena kalpanāyāṃ virodhābhāvāc ca / ato buddhimadekakartṛkatve sādhye kāryatvasyānaikāntyam, pakṣasyāprasiddhaviśeṣaṇatvam, sādhyavikalatā ca dṛṣṭāntasya; sarvanirmāṇacaturasyaikasyāprasiddheḥ / buddhimatkartṛkatvamātre sādhye siddhasādhanatā / sārvajñyasarvaśaktiyuktasya kasyacid ekasya sādhakam idaṃ kāryatvaṃ kiṃ yugamadutpadyamānasarvavastugatam ? uta krameṇotpadyamānasarvavāstugatam ? yugapadutpadyamānasarvavastugatatve kāryatvasyāsiddhatā / krameṇotpadyamānasarvavastugatatve anekakarṭrkatvasādhanād viruddhatā / atrāpy ekakarṭrkatvasādhane pratyakṣānumānavirodhaś śāstravirodhaś ca; kumbhakāro jāyate, rathakāro jāyata ityādiśravaṇāt / api ca sarveṣāṃ kāryāṇāṃ śarīrādīnāṃ ca sattvādiguṇakāryarūpasukhādyanvayadarśanena sattvādimūlatvam avaśyāśrayaṇīyam / kāryavaicitryahetubhūtāḥ kāraṇagatā viśeṣās sattvādayaḥ; teṣāṃ kāryāṇāṃ tanmūlatvāpādanaṃ tadyuktapuruṣāntaḥkaraṇavikāradvāreṇa, puruṣasya ca tadyogaḥ karmamūlaḥ iti kāryaviśeṣārambhāyaiva jñānaśaktivat kartuḥ karmasaṃbandhaḥ kāryahetutvenaivāvaśyāśrayanīyaḥ; jñānaśaktivaicitryasya ca karmamūlatvāt / icchāyāḥ kāryārambhahetutve 'pi viṣayaviśeṣaviśeṣitāyās tasyās sattvāimūlakatvena karmasaṃbandho 'varjanīyaḥ / ataḥ kṣetrajñā eva kartāraḥ, na tadvilakṣaṇaḥ kaścid anumānāt sidhyati / bhavanti ca prayogāḥ tanubhuvanādi kṣetrajñakartṛkam, kāryatvāt, ghaṭavat / īśvaraḥ kartā na bhavati, prayojanaśūnyatvāt, muktātmavat / īśvaraḥ kartā na bhavati, aśarīratvāt, tadvad eva / na ca kṣetrajñānāṃ svaśarīrādhiṣṭhāne vyabhicāraḥ, tatrāpy anādes sūkṣmaśarīrasta sadbhāvāt/ vimativiṣayaḥ kālo na lokaśūnyaḥ, kālatvāt, vartamānakālavad iti /

api ca, kim īśvaras saśarīro 'śarīro vā kāryaṃ karoti ? na tāvad aśarīraḥ; aśarīrasya kartṛtvānupalabdheḥ / mānasāny api kāryāṇi saśarīrasyaiva bhavanti; manaso nityatve 'pi aśarīreṣu mukteṣu tatkāryādarśanāt / nāpi saśarīraḥ; vikalpāsahatvāt taccharīraṃ kiṃ nityam utānityam ? na tāvan nityam; sāvayavasya tasya nityatve jagato 'pi nityatvāvirodhād īśvarāsiddheḥ / nāpy anityam; tadvyatiriktasya taccharīrahetos tadānīm abhāvāt / svayam eva hetur iti cen na; aśarīrasya tadayogāt; anyena śarīreṇa saśarīra iti cen na; anavasthānāt /

sa kiṃ savyāpāro nirvyāpāro vā ? aśarīratvād eva na savyāpāraḥ / nāpi nirvyāpāraḥ kāryaṃ karoti muktātmavat / kāryaṃ jagad icchāmātravyāpārakartṛkam ity ucyamāne pakṣasyāprasiddhaviśeṣaṇatvam, dṛṣṭāntasya ca sādhyahīnatā /

ato darśanānuguṇyeneśvarānumānaṃ darśanānuguṇyaparāhatam iti śāstraikapramāṇakaḥ parabrahmabhūtas sarveśvaraḥ puruṣottamaḥ / śāstraṃ tu sakaletarapramāṇaparidṛṣṭasamastavastuvisajātīyaṃ sārvajñyasatyasaṃkalpatvādimiśrānavadhikātiśayāparimitodāraguṇasāgaraṃ nikhilaheyapratyanīkasvarūpaṃ pratipādayatīti na pramāṇāntarāvasitavastusādharmyaprayuktadoṣagandhaprasaṅgaḥ /

yat tu nimittopādānayor aikyam ākāśāder niravayavadravyasya kāryatvaṃ cānupalabdham aśakyapratipādanam ity uktam, tad apy aviruddham iti prakṛtiś ca pratijñādṛṣṭāntānuparodhāt, na viyadaśruter ity atra pratipādayiṣyate / ataḥ pramāṇāntarāgocaratvena śāstraikaviṣayatvād yato vā imāni bhūtānīti vākyam uktalakṣaṇaṃ brahma pratipādayatīti siddham //1,1.3//