INDIAN ZOOLOGY.
SECOND EDITION.
LONDON.
Printed by HENRY HUGHS for ROBERT FAULDER.
MDCCXC.
ADVERTISEMENT.
THIS work, or rather fragment, was begun in the year 1769. The descriptive part fell to my share: the expence of the plates was divided between Mr. BANKS, now Sir JOSEPH BANKS,
Baronet;
JOHN GIDEON LOTEN,
Esq
a governor in
Ceylon;
and myself. Twelve only were engraved and published: soon after which, the undertaking appeared so arduous that the design was given over. It would be injustice to Mr. LOTEN not to say, that the etchings are taken from his fine collection of drawings made in
India:
for he alleviated the cares of life with the delicious pursuits of the study of NATURE. I prevaled on my two friends to unite with me in presenting the learned JOHN REINHOLD FORSTER with the plates. I also bestowed on him three others, engraven at my own expence, before the work was dropped. These were never published in
England;
but when Dr.
Forster
left our island, he took the whole with him, and in 1781 printed, at
Halle,
in
Saxony,
an edition very highly improved, and translated into
Latin
and
German.
He prefixed to it a most elaborate lucubration
de
Finibus et Indole
Aeris, Soli, Marisque
INDICI; described the subjects of the three additional plates; and inserted, after the description of the fifteenth plate, a most learned dissertation on the genus of the BIRDS OF PARADISE, and on the PHOENIX. He added several notes; and at the end presented his readers with a
Faunula
of the quadrupeds and birds of the extensive region of INDIA and its islands.
The last year, Mr.
Robert Faulder,
at
New Bondstreet,
bookseller, applied to me for permission to reprint this very imperfect performance. I consented; but advised him by all means to get the additions by Dr.
Forster
translated, and an improved
Faunula
to be formed from the best authorities which could be procured: but, having myself abjured all future publications, referred him for that labor to any gentlemen willing and able to do justice to the performance. I took the liberty of pointing out three friends, of indisputable abilities, and of whose Tind services I had long and useful experience.
Dr. AIKIN, of
Yarmouth,
in
Norfolk,
with great chearfulness undertook the translations: Mr. JOHN LATHAM, of
Dartford, Kent,
justly celebrated for extending the study of ORNITHOLOGY far beyond any naturalist of our days; and the Rev. Mr. HUGH DAVIES, rector of
Aber,
in
Caernarvonshire,
underwent the task of arranging the very numerous subjects of the INDIAN FAUNULA. The more laborious part, relative to the Insects, fell to the share of Mr. LATHAM: the rest to that of Mr. DAVIES. A more complete enumeration was never formed, considering the extent of the country; and the materials imported into our islands. Science has of late years found its way into our most distant possessions; and we gather its fruits: the
Faunula
is a suffcient proof of the richness of the harvest. Collectors at home, or in the distant
Indostan,
will find considerable benefit from this part of the work. It will direct their researches, or instruct them in the arrangement of the new acquisitions. If my past labors can in any shape contribute in the left to the amusement of the individual, or to the public in general, the reflection cannot fail bestowing on me the most pleasing sensation.
THOMAS PENNANT.
Downing,
March
1, 1791.
CONTENTS.
ESSAY ON INDIA
Page 1
INDIAN ZOOLOGY
, p. 29.
I.
Sciurus Macrourus.
The Long-Tailed Squirrel 31
II.
Falco Melanoleucos.
Black and White Falcon 33
III.
Otus Bakkamoena.
The Little Horn Owl 34
IV.
Trogon Fasciatus.
The Fasciated Couroucou 36
V.
Cuculus Pyrrhocephalus.
The Red-Headed Cuckoo 38
VI.
Picus Miniatus.
The Red Woodpecker 39
VII.
Perdix Bicalcaratus.
Double-Spurred Partridge 40
VIII.
Columba Melanocephala.
The Black-Capped Pigeon 41
IX.
Muscicapa Flammea.
Flammeous Flycatcher 43
X.
Motacilla Sutoria.
The Tailor Bird 44
XI.
Tantalus Leucocephalus.
The White-Headed Ibis 47
XII.
Gallinula Phanicurus.
The Red-Tailed Water-Hen 49
XIII.
Anser Melainotos.
The Black-Backed Goose 50
XIV.
Anas Poikilohynchus.
Spotted-Billed Duck 52
XV.
Anhinga Melanogaster.
The Black-Bellied Anhinga 53
XVI.
Squalus Tigrinus.
The Tiger Shark 55
XVII.
Labrus Zeylanicus.
The Ceylon Wrasse 56
INDIAN FAUNULA
, p. 57.
Class I. QUADRUPEDS.
Div. I. Hoofed 59
Sect I.
Whole-Hoofed 59
II.
Cloven-Hoofed 59
II. Digitated 61
Sect I.
Anthropomorphous 61
II.
Rapacious. Canine Teeth 62
III.
Without Canine Teeth 63
IV.
Without Cutting Teeth 64
V.
Without Teeth 65
III. Pinnated 65
IV. Winged 65
Class II. BIRDS.
Div. I. Land Birds 67
Order I.
Rapacious 67
II.
Pies 68
III.
Passerine 75
IV.
Columbine 80
V.
Gallinaceous 81
Div. II. Water Fowl 82
Order VII.
Cloven-footed 82
VIII.
Pinnated Feet 85
IX.
Web-footed 85
Class III. AMPHIBIA.
Ordo I.
Reptilia 87
II.
Serpentes 88
Classis IV. PISCES.
Ordo I.
Branchiostegi 91
II.
Chondropterygii 92
III.
Apodes 93
IV.
Jugulares 93
V.
Thoracici 94
VI.
Abdominales 96
Classis V. INSECTA.
Ordo I.
Eleuterata 99
II.
Ulonata 111
III.
Synistata 112
IV.
Agonata 115
V.
Unogata 117
VI.
Glossata 118
VII.
Ryngota 136
VIII.
Antliata 139
Classis VI. VERMES.
I.
Intestina 141
II.
Mollusca 141
III.
Testacea 143
IV.
Lithophyta 160
V.
Zoophyta 161
PLATES.
TITLE PAGE. The common Bird of Paradise, with a View of
Dory
Harbour in
New Guinea.
I.
Long-Tailed Squirrel; and the Tree, Eugenia Malaccensis,
to face Page
31
II.
Black and White Falcon. The Tree, Rhamnus Jujuba. 33
III.
Little Horn Owl. The Plant, Gloriofa Superba. 34
IV.
Fasciated Courocou. The Plant, Nummularia Lactea Minima.
Rumph. Amboin.
36
V.
Red-Headed Cuckoo. 38
VI.
Red Woodpecker. 39
VII.
Double-Spurred Partridge. 40
VIII.
Black-Capped Pigeon. 41
IX.
Flammeous Flycatcher. 43
X.
Tailor Bird. 44
XI.
White-Headed Ibis. 47
XII.
Red-Tailed Water-Hen. 49
XIII.
Black-Backed Goose. 50
XIV.
Spotted-Billed Duck. 52
XV.
Black-Bellied Anhinga. 53
XVI.
Fig. 1. Tiger Shark. 55
Fig. 2. Ceylon Wrasse.
INDIAN ZOOLOGY.
N. B.
The birds represented in plates 3, 6, and 8, are, by an oversight in the letter press, said to be figured of the natural size: the real measures are as follow, viz.
PI. 3. The bird measures about 7 inches.
PI. 6. The length of the bird is about 9 inches.
PI. 8. The bird is rather more than 9 inches long.
Page 40.
For
BICALCARATUS
read
BICALCARATA.—The length of this species is about 13 inches.
AN ESSAY ON INDIA, ITS BOUNDARIES, CLIMATE, SOIL, AND SEA.
Translated from the
Latin
of JOHN REINHOLD FORSTER, By JOHN AIKIN, M. D.
THE name of
India
is probably derived from
Hind,
or
Hindu,
the appellation of the people inhabiting it, which the
Spaniards
and
Portuguese,
the first navigators to
India,
were accustomed to write
Gentu.
The
Greeks,
who penetrated through
Persia
into
India,
received from the
Persians
the name of
Hind,
as that of the nation; but they also improperly called
Indus,
the river named by the inhabitants
Sind
or
Sindo.
In a later age, the
Romans
termed the country,
India,
the people,
Indians,
but the river also,
Indus;
yet they were not unacquainted with the name of
Sindi.
The
Arabians
and
Persians
again employed the names of
Sind,
and
Hind,
which occur frequently in their writings. After the
Portuguese
began to navigate for the purpose of exploring new regions, many of them suspected, that if they were to steer directly westward, they would at length arrive at the farthest islands in the vicinity of
India;
and because they conceived these islands to lie
before those Indian
regions
(ante illas)
they gave them, in the geographical charts made before the discovery of
America,
the name of
Antilles;
and that
India,
which they supposed situated behind the
Antilles,
they named the
West Indies,
because it might be reached by sailing westward. Hence appears the reason why in our age the name of
Indies
is so widely extended.
THAT
India
whence the animals now to be described are taken, is
East India.
But even here there is much variation as to the countries to which this name is proper and peculiar. In the first place it is maintained, that
India
is only wherever the
Hindu
nation inhabits, or the country called by the
Persians, Hindostan,
which is comprehended between the rivers
Sind
and
Ganges,
closed to the north by the ridge of
Imaus
or
Caucasus;
and on the south surrounded by the ocean; so that the whole peninsula on this side the
Ganges,
belongs to
Hindostan.
BUT in a more extended sense, the peninsula beyond the
Ganges
also is a part of
India.
And its limits are much more extensive, if under this second signification of
India
are reckoned all the islands of the
Indian
sea, from the east and north of
Madagascar,
as far as
New Holland,
and thence eastward to the
Philippine
islands, together with
New Guinea;
and it is principally with this meaning that the
English
and
Dutch
sailors use the word
India,
and Mr. PENNANT seems to have adopted it in his account of the animals, of
India.
FROM what has been said, it will be evident that a disquisition concerning the climate, soil, and seas of
India,
thus largely understood, will be a matter of much difficulty.
MOUNT
Imaus,
MOUNTAINS.
arising in the very borders of
Persia,
and whose northern ridge separates
India
from
Bokara
or
Bactria,
from
Cashimire
or
Caspatyrus,
from the kingdom of
Tibet,
and from the
Chinese
province of
Yunnan,
terminates at length in the kingdom of
Tonquin,
and runs out into other branches. At the root of this mountain the temperature of the air is very various; for in the winter season the country is buried in snow and frost, not, however, for a long time. Those summits alone from which the
Sind
and
Ganges
are principally fed, are covered with perpetual snow. Yet even the plain tract at the mouths of the
Ganges
is not entirely free from frost during winter, since the inhabitants collect ice artificially prepared, for cooling liquors in the heat of summer,
GREAT HEATS.
although
Fahrenbeit
's thermometer never sinks below 42. But in the summer season the inhabitants undergo the most intense heats, arising to the 114th, nay even to the 120th degree of
Fahrenbeit
's thermometer; so that men are scarcely able to breathe, plunge into water up to the chin, and ascend the higher trees that they may inhale a somewhat cooler breeze; whilst they whose occupations oblige them to endure the hot air abroad, not unfrequently fall suddenly dead. The birds too are often killed by the heat, while flying, or sitting on trees, and fall to the ground.
THEN, as the flat country is inundated about the solstice by the swoln waters of the
Ganges,
which returning into their channel, leave many stagnant pools, the exhalations raised by the sun's heat form a body of intensely hot vapour, extremely noxious, so as to occasion putrid fevers of the highest malignity, which frequently prove fatal within three hours.
LET us now pass into the peninsula of
India
on this side the
Ganges,
and examine the nature of its climate and soil. This part of
India
is divided into two parts by the ridge of mountains called
Gatté;
and while summer reigns on one side, winter prevails on the other. This chiefly proceeds from the winds, which, from
October
to
April,
blow constantly from the north; and from
April
to
October,
from the south. For the space of some weeks before this change, there is generally scarcely any wind; but at the commencement of the change, such tempests arise as to cause great damage to mariners. On the eastern side of the peninsula, called the coast of
Coromandel,
the sky from
April
to
October
is constantly serene without a shower, but from
October
to
April
is the rainy season. On the western or
Malabar
coast, on the contrary, there is no rain from
October
to
April,
but very heavy rains fall from
May
to
September.
During the fair season, intense heat infests the whole coast; but in the rainy season, the temperature is at intervals more moderate, and at that time all the rivers swell, and their streams are partly distributed through the fields for the purpose of fertilising them, and partly are received into ponds or great receptacles, where the water is preserved with care, to be let into the fields at proper periods.
THE region of
India
beyond the
Ganges
has nearly the same climate with the peninsula on this side;
RIVERS.
but it is particularly well watered by large rivers. Of these we shall first mention the
Bahramputter (Burrampooter)
which flows through the whole country of
Tibet
from the very confines of
Cashimire,
and, after it has crossed the kingdom of
Assam,
enters that of
Bengal
at
Rangamatty,
and at length, just upon the coast of the
Indian
sea, mixes its waters with those of the
Ganges,
in an equally copious, stream, and thus enters the sea in a common channel. Next, the rivers
Ava, Pegu,
and
Tenasserim,
rising in the
Tibet
mountains, after watering the kingdoms whose names they bear, enter the bay of
Bengal
on the western side of the peninsula.
THE
Menam
and
Menam-kom,
or
Siam
and
Cambodia
rivers, flow down from the mountains which part the province of
Yunnan
in
China,
from
India.
All the above rivers, the
Bahramputter
excepted, take their course through large vallies, enclosed on each side by ridges of hills. On the approach of the sun to the tropic of
Cancer,
the snow on these mountains is dissolved, and all these vallies are overflowed, like
Egypt
by the
Nile.
When the rivers return into their channel, the moistened countries are sown chiefly with rice, which yields a very rich increase. The kingdoms of
Cochinchina,
and
Tonquin,
are bounded to the east by the sea, and to the west by a ridge of mountains separating them from the kingdoms of
Cambodia,
and
Laos.
From this ridge many rivers descend, which, after they have watered the country for a short tract, mingle with the sea.
THE soil of all
India
hitherto described is rich; and,
SOIL.
by the cultivation of the populous nations, which from the remotest ages have inhabited these regions, and addicted themselves to agriculture, is rendered extremely fertile. And, by reason that so many nations, and such various species of animals, have for such a course of ages putrefied with the vegetables of this fruitful land, the soil, lixiviated with water and mixed with ashes, affords to
Europe
a great quantity of nitre, the principal ingredient of its gunpowder. Rice is chiefly sown in moist situations, and supplies these people, who live a
Pythagorean
life, with a food of easy preparation, and extremely cheap. There is another kind of rice, which grows even on the hills, and spares the cultivators the labor of watering.
THE marshes are covered with thick beds of reeds; and,
MARSHES.
near the mouths of the largest rivers, overgrown with impenetrable groves of mangles. Among the cultivated tracts, here and there dry spots are observed, covered with briars and thickets. The parts neglected by human culture are full of woods, which abound with the most beautiful and singular birds, especially parrots, peacocks, pigeons, and others infinitely diversified with the gayest and most varied plumage; together with herds of antelopes, tribes of monkeys, and numbers of lions and tygers. The elephant, and rhinoceros, also inhabit these forests, which scarcely ever lose their leaves, but are always verdant, and perpetually loaded with fruits of one kind or another.
NATURE wears a different form in the islands of the
Indian
sea.
ISLANDS.
But, that we may the better understand the nature of the climate, and the temperature of the atmosphere, it will be of particular use to consider the course of the winds which prevail in these seas.
WINDS.
Between both tropics the wind almost. constantly blows from the east; and at the equinoxes, about the line, the course of the wind is directly from east to west. For the sun in the day-time heats the air; and about noon, when it is vertical, the atmosphere glows with heat, and therefore is rarefied; at the same time, the sun, seeming rapidly to move from east to west, on account of the diurnal revolution of the earth, causes noon successively in different regions. Towards evening, when the sun is in the west, the air from both sides of the globe, as likewise from the east, rushes towards the west, and follows the sun, in order to balance the rarefaction of the heated atmosphere: this current of air is the east wind. The greater the distance from the equinoctial line in each hemisphere, the more the wind inclines to the north or south. Now, when the sun arrives at the tropic of
Cancer,
the east wind follows it; but the east-north-east and north-east extend beyond the tropic of
Cancer
into the northern hemisphere, whilst, on the contrary, the east-south-east, and south-east scarcely reach farther than the equinoctial line. And when the sun recedes to the tropic of
Capricorn,
the east wind follows it there too; but the east-north-east, and north-east scarcely reach beyond the line, rarely to the tropic; while the east-south-east, and south-east spread far into the southern hemisphere. These observations are generally true concerning the winds within the tropics, and especially in the great
Atlantic
and
Pacific
oceans.
EVERY where within the tropics, on approaching within three or four leagues of land, a breeze is met with blowing from sea to land, from nine in the morning to sun-set; and from land to sea, from about ten at night to sun-rise. These observations also hold in general with respect to the winds in the vicinity of lands within the tropics.
IN the
Indian
sea, from
October
to
April,
the east-north-east, and north-north-east winds prevail as far as the line. But during the same season, from the line southwards to about the 14th degree, the west, west-south-west, and south-west are the prevailing winds; and beyond this space, the east-south-east, and south-east. From
April
to
October,
in the northern hemisphere, the west, west-south-west, and south-west winds reign: to the south of the equinoctial, as far as about the 12th degree, the east, and east-south-east; and beyond that point, the east-south-east, and south-east. These prevailing winds are by sailors termed the
Monsoons;
and from them some inferences may be drawn as to the temperature of the air. The winds which blow across great tracts of land heated by the sun's rays, acquire a great degree of heat; and the greater space they pass over, the more scorching they prove. But wherever winds blow over the sea, they are cooled by the evaporation of the water: hence all shores and islands, though situated under the hottest sun, enjoy the benefit of temperate sea breezes.
IF we mean to consider too nature of the soil in the
Indian
islands,
ORIGIN OF THE ISLANDS.
we must attend to their two-fold form and origin. Some are lofty, and if of moderate size, they have generally a conical shape. On examination of the mountain and strata in this case, it will presently be obvious that the whole island has emerged from the bottom of the sea through the force of subterranean fire; for all parts are full of volcanic remains. Actually burning mountains are likewise not uncommon in these islands. All the high islands which I have surveyed between the tropics, in the
Atlantic
and
Pacific
oceans, were found to contain
scoriae,
eructated ashes, and liquefied matter, the manifest vestiges of intestine fires. And that the same takes place with regard to the islands of the
Indian
sea, is rendered probable by so many volcanoes yet to be seen among them, by the testimony of various navigators and eye-witnesses, and by the stones, evidently resembling
scoriae
and melted rock, brought from thence. It is wonderful that ashes thrown up from volcanoes, and other scoriaceous matters comminuted and mixed with the earth, should constitute a soil inferior to none in fertility; but it is certain that most plants thrive most luxuriantly in this soil, and that trees of all kinds grow in it to a stupendous magnitude.
THERE are within the tropics other islands, low, and little elevated above the surface of the sea. All of this kind are the workmanship of zoophyte
vermes,
which raise on all sides from the bottom of the sea their mansions of a calcareous matter, whence at length are formed rocks and stony shallows very dangerous to navigators. Since for the most part easterly winds are frequent in these seas, these animalcules, as if actuated by instinct, endeavour to exclude the waves driven by the winds, by means of their stupendous works; and therefore, carrying on the artful structure of their calcareous or stony habitations, they extend them in long arms, which at last unite in a circle, within which they include a portion of calm untroubled sea. On the opposite or windward side, the waves continually throw up fragments of corals, which, accumulating by degrees, form a mound against the force of the billows, and on that part the sea is rendered gradually shallower; whilst on the other side, immediately under the arms raised by the zoophytes, the sea is of astonishing depth; and not unfrequently a part of the work remains open, for the ingress and egress of the tide. In the coral banks themselves, sand is collected by the waves, which afford soil and aliment for the seeds of shore plants brought thither by the sea; and these plants at length perishing, gradually create and accumulate a vegetable mould. If by chance a cocoa-nut be carried by the sea to these spots, it germinates, and grows into a tall tree, bearing and disseminating many nuts, some of which again germinating, soon form a palm-grove, affording shade to birds, and other animals, and supplying navigators, driven to the place by stress of weather, with a grateful food and liquor. The bay included within the arms constructed by the zoophytes is a receptacle for fishes which require a calm unagitated sea, and thus another food from the animal kingdom is presented to strangers. The shallows, too, afford quiet and desirable situations to
molluscae,
and shell-fish of all kinds, and contribute much towards supplying the inhabitants of the islands with a variety of food.
THE greater islands of the
Indian
sea,
Ceylon, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Celebes, Luconia, Mindanao, Ceram, Gilolo, Waighen,
and the isle of
Papua
or
New Guinea,
are all mountainous, and full of burning or extingushed volcanoes. They are covered with evergreen woods and reed-grounds, luxuriant in various tropical fruits, productive of all kinds of spices,
USEFUL TREES, &c
and of many drugs valuable in medicine and the arts, especially
Camphor, Benzoin, Gamboge, Sanders,
the
Amomums, Costus, Zedoary, Galangal,
the
Peppers, Snakeroot, Dragons-blood,
and many others which need not here be enumerated. These islands, enriched with so many and great advantages, are everywhere inhabited by various animals; their woods and thickets are thronged with innumerable birds; their seas abound in fishes of all kinds, the greatest part of which have never been examined by naturalists; and what vast treasures of shell-fish their shores, marine rocks, and the bottom of their seas contain, may be gathered from hence, that for at lest a century that these seas have been frequented by
Europeans,
they have continually been offering somewhat new to the curiosity of men whose avarice or vanity has prompted them to collect such stores from all parts. Nor are these regions destitute of inhabitants, differing from each other in colour, shape, manners, dress, religion, and language. For some tribes in the interior recesses of the woods and mountains preserve their antient savage state, treat all strangers as enemies, and devour the slain; others, adopting gender manners, and formed to commerce, and even to submission, become daily more civilized.
THUS much, concerning the limits, climate, soil, and seas of
India,
I thought necessary to prefix, in order to render what follows more perspicuous.
ON THE BIRDS OF PARADISE, AND THE PHOENIX.
THE
Birds of Paradise
are a genus of birds scarcely as yet sufficiently known to the ornithologists, because few of them are imported into
Europe,
and those, too, mutilated in their feet, wings, and other parts, or distorted by having a stick thrust within their skins, and thus too much lengthened. No real naturalist ever had the fortune to see a live
Bird of Paradise,
or to have observed their manners and economy
Sir JOSEPH BANKS did me the favor of communicating the drawing of the common
Bird of Paradise,
brought alive to
England,
drawn from the life. T. P.
; for they inhabit a region visited by very few
Europeans,
since scarcely any but sailors and merchants are permitted to penetrate into the remotest east, the country of the
Paradise-birds.
The history of this genus is therefore still full of falsities, or rather buried in such darkness, that we can scarcely hope to gain more and truer information concerning them, till some person, by a journey into these parts, is enabled, by his own observations and experiments, to give the public some accounts more ample and exact than we hitherto possess.
IT is most certain that these birds were never known to the antients; and whatever the
Egyptian
priests delivered concerning their
Phoenix,
has little agreement with the
Bird of Paradise.
But, that there may not be the left doubt remaining on these points, we shll collect what has been said by the antients concerning the
Phoenix,
and, after the passages are brought in view, briefly examine them.
Herodotus,
the father of history, relates (1. ii. 73.) that the
Phoenix
is a bird of the shape and size of an eagle, decorated with gold-coloured and purple wings; but he frankly confesses that he had never seen the bird, but knew it only by its picture.
Pliny
(1. x. c. 2.) confirms that the
Phoenix
is of the size of an eagle, with the splendour of gold around his neck; the rest of the body purple; having a blue tail spotted with rose-colored feathers; combs adorning his face, and a crest of feathers, his head. This was the antient opinion concerning the form and colours of the
Phoenix;
but the same
Pliny
relates from
Manilius,
that the conversion of the great year corresponds with the life of this bird, from which period the same course of seasons, and position of the heavenly bodies, is renewed; and that this takes place about noon on the day that the sun enters
Taurus. Horapollo
delivers the same notion respecting the
Phoenix.
"They (the
Egyptian
priests) meaning to signify the conversion of the great year, paint the
Phoenix.
" These notions are then to be explained from the theology of
Egypt.
THE
Sun,
which
produces the seasons,
is the
Egyptian
OSIRIS, a deity whose name has the same signification; for
Oeisch-iri
in the
Egyptian
tongue, is the
maker of seasons.
But almost all the male gods, especially, of the
Egyptians,
expressed the virtues and powers of the Sun. Hence, the vernal sun, when it is peculiarly vigorous, and operates with most power, according to the discipline of the
Egyptian
priests, was
Hercules,
whom they therefore called
Dsemmenuti,
the
virtue of God,
or
of the Gods.
The same
Hercules,
according to
Athenagoras (pro Christianis,
p. 18.) or, as
Damascus
has it (
ap.
Wolff. Anecdot.
iii. p. 254.) "that principle was named,
time void of old age,
and likewise
Hercules."
Nor is it to be omitted, that in the obelisk of king
Ramesses,
the sun is called
the lord of seasons,
which in the
Egyptian
language is
Sesoeisch,
or
Sesoosis.
THE annual revolution of the sun makes a year of twelve months; but the
Egyptian
year, long, was only 365 days; whence, every fourth year, four true solar years exceeded as many
Egyptian
years a single day, which they were not accustomed to intercalate. Hence the seasons of the year wandered through the whole
Egyptian
year; and hence of the solar years as first fixed by
Julius Ceasar
the dictator, 1460 equal 1461 vague
Egyptian
years. On this account, the
Egyptian
priests were accustomed to call four years with the day of intercalation,
the year of God;
and 1461 vague
Egyptian
years made the
great year of God,
that is, of the
Sun.
And they taught, that at this great period, the
conversion of the great year
took place, at which also the
Phoenix
regenerated—flew from
Arabia
to the city of the sun, and deposited his father's body on the altar.
IT will now appear, why the
Orphics,
in hymn xi. to
Hercules
3. address him by the title of
various-formed father of time.
And
Plutarch,
in his treadle on
Isis
and
Osiris,
asserts, "that the
Egyptians
fable
Hercules
to be placed in the sun, and to revolve with it." For, from these premises, it might justly be said, with
Nonnus of Panopolis,
1. xl. p. 683, "that
Hercules
rolls round the whole earth in the glittering orb of the sun, and carries round with him the year, the son of time." Every common year, therefore, is a year of God; and the great year, the
son of time,
which, in the
Egyptian
language, would be
Dsphenoeisch,
and, on account of the harshness of the first letter, the
Creels
would make it
,
Phoenix.
This origin of the name adds strength to my opinion, since it is perfectly agreeable to the doctrine of the
Egyptians
concerning these things, and at the same time exactly expresses all the sacred fables of their priests relative to the
Phoenix.
THAT the fabulous
Phoenix
of the
Egyptians
has nothing in common with the
Birds of Paradise,
will be sufficiently manifest from what has been said; yet it is not altogether without reason that we have here treated on the
Phoenix;
for the first
Portuguese
navigators to the
Indian
islands called the
Birds of Paradise, passaros da sol, Birds of the sun,
in the same manner as the
Egyptians
had regarded the
Phoenix
as a symbol of the annual revolution of the sun, and the conversion of the great year. The inhabitants of the isle of
Ternate
call these birds
Manu-co-Dewata; Birds of God.
The
French, English,
and
Germans
have adopted the name of
Birds of Paradise.
All these names seem to attribute somewhat of a
celestial
origin to the birds. The name
Manu-co-Dewata
has induced some writers of natural history to call the bird
Manucodiata (Edwards,
t. 110.
Marograv. Brasil,
207.
Raii Synops. Av.
21. n. 7.
Brisson Ornithol.
ii. p. 130.) and the illustrious count de
Busson,
by cutting off part of the name, has made from it his
Manucode. Valentyne
(vol. iii. p. 306, 313.) has treated at length of the
Birds of Paradise.
The
Portuguese
first saw them in
Gilolo, Papua,
and
New Guinea.
Many idle fables have been propagated concerning these birds; among which are to be reckoned, that they have no feet, are always on the wing, pass their lives in the air and feed on this element; on which account the inhabitants of these countries are accustomed to cut off their feet. But the people of the
Aru
islands have taught the
Dutch
in
Banda
better; and it is sound that the feet are cut off in order that the birds may be more easily preserved dry. The
Indians,
too, pay little regard to the feet, because they use the skins of the
Birds of Paradise
only to adorn their helmets in their games and mock combats. But the
Aruans,
70 or 80 years ago, brought these birds with their feet.
Pigasette,
who accompanied
Ferdinand Magalhaens
in his voyage, testified from ocular demonstration, about 1525, that they were not without feet. But the length and peculiar structure of the scapular feathers, prevent them from sitting on trees in windy weather; and if they are once blown down to the ground, they are utterly unable to raise themselves again by their wings. When taken by the natives, they are immediately killed, because their food is unknown, and they defend themselves courageously with their very strong beaks.
OF the
Birds of Paradise
there are about six species
The
Faumla
will produce many more.
. 1. The great
Paradise-bird
of
Aru.
2. The lesser
Paradise-bird
of
Papua.
3. and 4. Two black species. 5. The white
Paradise-bird.
6. The unknown
Paradise-bird.
7. The lesser
King-bird,
which is also to be reckoned among the
Paradise-birds.
I. PARADISEA APODA. GREATER BIRD OF PARADISE.
Latham Syn.
ii. 474.
Index,
i. 194.
THE
greater Paradise-bird
is generally about two feet in length. Head, small: beak, the length of the head, hard, pale-coloured. Head and nape of the neck, yellow. Space round the eyes, black. Neck, beautifully resplendent with very soft, shining, emerald-coloured feathers: those of the breast, equally soft, of a pale yellowish-grey. Large chesnut-coloured wings. Back covered with the scapulars elongated, stiff, narrow, pale brown, very much resembling the loose feathers of the ostrich. These expand while the bird flies; and therefore it is easy for him to remain in the air. On the sides of the breast and belly are bundles of feathers, much shorter than the anterior ones, stiff, gold-coloured. From the rump arise two stiff feathers of great length, naked in the shafts, terminated with radiated plumes. Several birds of these countries are furnished with such long feathers, as the
Belurus (Pylstaart)
of
Amboyna,
the
Alcedo Sariwak,
and a species of
Papuan
parroquet. In size it little exceeds the blackbird. Feet short, with four strong toes. The inhabitants of
Ternate
call this species
Burong Papua, Papua
birds; and sometimes
Manu-co-dewata,
and also
Soffu,
or
Sioffu.
The
Amboynese
call them
Manu-key-aru,
birds of the islands
Key
and
Aru,
because the people of these islands bring them to
Banda
and
Amboyna
for sale. The
Aruans
give them the name of
Fanaan.
In fact, these birds are not found in the island
Key,
which is about 50 miles eastward of
Banda,
but are met with in the
Aru
islands (which are 15 miles further to the east than
Key
) at the dry season of the western monsoon, and return to
New Guinea
at the commencement of the rainy season, as soon as the east wind begins to blow. They fly in flocks of about 30 or 40, led by a bird which the
Aruans
call KING, but which is altogether distinct from the lesser
Bird of Paradise.
This leader is black with red spots, and constantly flies higher than the rest, which never separate from it, but immediately when it settles, settle too; whence they frequently perish, for if the leader settles on the ground, they are not able to rise on account of the peculiar structure of their feathers. Nor can they fly with the wind, for in that case their very long loose feathers would be totally disordered: they therefore always fly against the wind, and carefully abstain from flight in a storm, which often throws them to the ground.
WHILE flying they are noisy, like starlings; but their cry rather resembles the croaking of ravens, and is particularly audible, when in windy weather the incumbrance of their feathers brings them into imminent danger of falling to the ground. In the
Aru
islands they perch on the highest trees, especially on those of the small-leaved
Waringha
with red fruit, on which they chiefly subsist (
Ficus Benjamina? Hort. Malab.
iii. f. 35.
Rumph. Amboin.
iii. f. 90.) They are taken by the inhabitants with bird-lime, snares, or blunt arrows. But though many fall alive into the fowlers hands, they are immediately killed, and after embowelling, and generally cutting off their feet, they are fumigated with sulphur, and dried; in which state they are sold, for half a dollar in
Banda,
but in
Aru
they may be purchased for a large nail or piece of iron. The
Dutch
ships frequenting the sea between
New Guinea
and
Aru
(a distance of 18 or 20 miles) not unfrequently see flocks of
Paradise-birds
crossing the sea from one to the other of these places, but always against: the wind. If a more tempestuous gale than usual rises during their flight, they seek the upper and calmer regions of the air, and thus continue their course. The natives fasten these birds to their helmets in place of crests, in real and mock sights; and often tie the whole or part of the skins to their swords. During the eastern monsoon their very long feathers fall; and in the western monsoon, within the space of four months, as the
Aruans
report, they are replaced by new ones.
II. PARADISEA APODA. LESSER.
Latham Syn.
ii. 474.
Index,
i. 194. β.
THE lesser Paradise-bird of Papua.
This species is about twenty inches in length. Beak, lead-colored, paler towards the apex. Eyes, small, and surrounded with black. Neck, emerald-colored. Head, and back of the neck, dusky-yellowish. Wings, small and chesnut-colored. Breast and belly, brown. Back, yellowish-grey. Long scapulars, about a foot in length, and paler than in the former species; which is in general to be observed of all the splendid colours in this species. The long bare feathers of the tail are constantly rejected by the inhabitants. In other respects, this species has every thing in common with the former. These birds also follow a leader; which, however, has more of a dark purple in his wings; but this leader is distinguished from the 3d and 4th black kinds. The
Papuan
inhabitants of the island
Missowal, (Mixoal, Maysel)
relate that these
Paradise-birds
never migrate, but build nests in the highest trees, where they are found by the
Alfubris.
The beak and neck are longer in the male than in the female. By the people of
Ternate,
and
Tidore,
this bird is called
Toffu
or
Burong Papuwa, Papua-bird.
By the
Papuans
it is named
Shag
or
Shague.
The people of
East Ceram
give it the name of
Samaleik;
but in the isle of
Sorghile,
in
New Guinea,
it is called
Tshakke.
It was formerly believed that these birds were found in
Gilolo
or
Halamahera,
and the adjacent islands to the south and south-east; but it is now certain that they are peculiar to the
Papuan
isles. These extend from the southern extremity of
Gilolo,
and northern coast of
Ceram,
as far as the western part of
New Guinea.
The largest of them are
Missowal (Maysol)
lying to the north of
Ceram;
and
Salawatti,
or
Salawat,
situated near the country or island of
Serghile,
in
New Guinea.
This last, in the earliest
Portuguese
maps, is improperly called
Ceram,
and is separated from
New Guinea.
These
Paradise-birds
perch on the highest trees of the mountainous region, and are killed with blunt arrows by the people of
Missowal.
Others relate, that the natives medicate the water of which the birds are used to drink, with the
India
-berries
(Menisperman Cocculus Linn.)
whereby they are rendered so stupid as to be taken by the hand. These birds commonly feed on the fruit of the
Tshampeda
-tree, which they persorate with their bills, and thus extract the kernels. It is fabled by some, that when these birds become weak with age, they fly a great height towards the sun, till they fall down dead. The
Papuans,
after killing and embowelling them, dry the cavity with a hot iron, and enclose them in a joint of
bamboo,
in order the better to preserve them.
III. and IV.
THE black Paradise-birds.
The larger variety of these is sold by the natives without wings and feet, and therefore is very difficult to be described with accuracy. The remains are generally stretched out on a stick to the length of four spans. The feathers of the head, neck, and belly are black, silky, and mixed with a radiant hue of purple and gold. Beak, blackish, an inch long. From both sides spring bunches of feathers, somewhat similar to quill-feathers, but in reality very different from them, for this species is always offered to sale with the wings cut off. The feathers in these bunches are extremely soft, with broad webs like peacocks feathers, of a fine shining green, and all reverted; whence
Valentyne
suspects that they become reverted in the
bamboo
joints in which they are enclosed by the natives. Tail, wedge-shaped. Tail feathers next the abdomen, hairy; upper ones, longer, and pointed; those immediately beneath these, above a span and a half in length, stiff, with loose doubly compound rays, black above, shining below. The birds of this variety are brought only from the part of
New Guinea
called
Serghile.
The inhabitants carry the skins dried upon sticks by smoke, and enclosed in bamboo joints, to the island
Salawat,
and exchange them for hatchets and coarse cloths. The
Papuans
call them
Shagawa,
and also,
Paradise-birds
from
Serghile:
in
Ternate
and
Tidore,
they are called
Soffu-kokotu, Black Paradise-birds.
Serghile
is the most northern part of
New Guinea,
running out to a sharp promontory, situated beyond or to the east of
Gilolo
and the
Papua
island, and facing the north.
BESIDES the
greater black Paradise-bird,
there is a
lesser
variety. Its feathers are equally long, but not so thick; black above, not shining. This variety is also destitute of the shining peacock feathers found in the first. It likewise wants the three long pointed tail-feathers, which are proper to the greater kind. The
Alfubris,
or inhabitants of the mountainous part of the isle of
Messowal,
shoot these birds with arrows, and sell them to the people of
Tidore.
V. PARADISEA ALBA,
Latham Index,
i. 197. β. WAYCHIHU.
The same.
THE white Paradise-bird
is the rarest of all the species, and has two varieties, one entirely white, the other black and white. The first is very rare, and in habit much resembles the
Paradise-bird
of
Papua.
The second variety has its fore-part black, and back-part white, with twelve slender crooked almost naked feathers. This kind is the rarest of all, and is procured only through the people of
Tidore,
because it is found in those
Papuan
isles only which are little frequented, particularly in
Wayghihu
(called also
Wadju, Wardju,
and
Waygiu.
) Some suspect that they are imported from
Serghile,
in
New Guinea.
VI.
IN 1689, a new species of
black Paradise-bird
was first seen at
Amboyna,
brought from
Missowal,
about a foot in length, with a shining purplish hue. Head, middle-sized; bill, straight; back, as in the other species, adorned with purple-blue feathers, but under the wings, and on the belly, yellowish, as in the apodous species. Back of the neck, mouse-colored, greenish In this kind it is observable, that on the scapulae are bundles of green-edged feathers, which can be erected at pleasure, like wings. In place of a tail, it has twelve black, naked, setaceous and thready shafts, like pendulous feathers. Feet strong, with sharp claws. Head small; eyes encircled with black.
VII. PARADISES REGIA. KING.
Latham Syn.
ii. 475.
Index,
i. 194.
THE last species is the
King-bird,
which some reckon among the
Paradise-birds;
but, according to
Valentyne,
it is totally different from them. LINNAEUS and BUFFON, however, refer them to the
Paradise-birds,
chiefly induced by the shape of the bill, and the feathers peculiar to this genus. This bird is about seven inches in length, and somewhat exceeds a titmouse in bulk. Head, and eyes (which are surrounded with a black circle) small. Beak, straight. Crown of the head, flame-colored: nape of the neck, blood-colored: neck and breast, chesnut, with a band of bright emerald. Wings, large for the body; quill-feathers black, with rays spotted and streaked with shining red. Tail, straight, short, and brown. Intermediate tail-feathers, long, thread-shaped, black, exceeding the rest a palm in length, with a lunated feathered tip, of a shining green above, brown below. Belly, spotted: from the sides proceed bundles of broad-rayed feathers, one part of the rays, green, the other, brown. Back, blood-brown, glossy like silk. Feet, like those of a lark; three toes before, one behind.
THIS bird never associates with the other species of
Paradise-birds,
but flies about the lonely thickets, wherever it sees red berries, nor ever fits upon tall trees.
IN
Aru
it is called
Wowi Wowi:
in the
Papua
isles,
Sopclo-o.
The
Dutch
name it
Kings-bird.
It is chiefly brought from
Aru-Sopolo-o;
and especially from
Wodjir,
a well-known town of this island. The
Aruans
say they have never seen its nest; but suspect that it is a stranger from
New Guinea,
and there brings up its young, but never leaves
Aru
during the dry season of the western monsoon. It is taken in snares made of
Gummatty,
or with birdlime prepared from the
Sukkom
or bread-fruit (Artocarpus communis
Forst. Charact.
)
IT is embowelled and dried, and sold in
Banda.
The
Aruans
put it in their helmets in their mock fights, and the game
Tobakalil.
THE illustrious BUFFON, or rather his friend
Guencau de Montbeillard,
describes six
Paradise-birds
in his Hist. of Birds, tom iii. edit. in 4to: and torn v. edit. in 12mo, p. 207, 238. These birds seem also to be delineated in
Daubenton
's splendid
Planches Enluminces,
No 254, 496, 631, 632, 633, 634.
Sonner at
likewise describes and delineates the same six birds. We shall now therefore briefly compare these six birds with what we have above described at length from
Valentyn,
vol. iii.
I.
L'oiseau de Paradis,
is
Valentyn
's, I.
Paradisea major Aruena;
and the
Paradisea apoda Linn.
II.
Le Manucode,
is
Valentyn
's, 7.
Avis regia; Paradisea regia Linn.
III. MAGNIFICENT.
Latham Syn.
ii. 477.
Index,
i. 195.
Le Magnisique, on Manucode à bouquets,
may seem in some respect referable to
Valentyn's Paradisea minor Papuana;
though I consess it much differs from it.
IV. SUPERB.
Latham Syn.
ii. 479.
Index,
i. 196.
Le Superbe, on Manucode noir,
as delineated in the
Planches Enlum.
seems to be either a young bird, or a hen, or taken at the moulting season; for
Valentyn
's 3.
Paradisea nigra major,
has long setaceous feathers in the tail; and the Hist. of Birds, as well as
Daubenton's Le Superbe,
are without them. What
Gueneau de Monbeillard
observes, however, is not to be overlooked; that the specimens in the royal
Paris
museum are ill kept, and have lost these long feathers by accident.
V. GOLD-BREASTED.
Latham Syn.
ii. 481.
Index,
i. 196.
Le Sisilet, ou Manucode à six filets.
I can scarcely help thinking that this is
Valentyn
's, 4.
Paradisea nigra minor,
which by chance or design had lost its long filaments near the ears.
VI. BLUE-GREEN.
Latham Syn.
ii. 482.
Index,
i. 197.
Le Calybé,
seems to be an obscure species.
THE other
Paradise-birds
of
Valentyn
are not yet sufficiently ascertained. It is greatly therefore to be wished, that a naturalist should undertake a journey into
New Guinea,
and the
Papua
isles, since these regions seem full of new and unexplored natural wonders. In the meantime we hope that these observations concerning the
Birds of Paradise
will not be unacceptable to those who are desirous of an accurate knowledge of the works of Nature.
INDIAN ZOOLOGY.
THE LONG-TAILED SQUIRREL.
I. SCIURUS MACROURUS. THE LONG-TAILED SQUIRREL.
Sciurus.
Zeylanicus
pills in dorso nigricantibus,
Raii Syn. Quad.
215. Sc. Macrourus,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 148.
THIS species is found in
Ceylon
and
Malabar.
In the
Cingalese
tongue it is called
Dandoelana;
and,
LONG-TAILED-SQUIRREL.
from the noise it makes,
Roekea.
It is about three times the size of the
European
squirrel.
THE ears are tufted with black hairs: the end of the note is pink-coloured: the cheeks, legs, and belly, are of a dull yellow: between the ears is a yellow spot: the crown of the head, and the back, are black: from each ear is a bifurcated line or the same color, pointing down the cheeks: the upper part of the feet is covered with black hairs: the lower part naked and red.
THE tail is near twice the length of the body, of a light ash-color, and extremely bushy. The part next the body quite surrounded with hairs: on the remainder the hairs ore separated, and lie flat.
THE tree is the JAMBU
Rumph. Amboin.
i. 121.
tab.
37.
EUGENIA MALAC.
EUGENA MALACCENSIS,
Sp. Pl.
672.
Fl. Zeyl.
No 187. It is the most excellent of the
Indian
fruits, delicious in taste, grateful in smell, pleasing to the eye, and salubrious in its effects.
ITS native place is
Malacca;
and is only cultivated in
Goa
and
Amboina,
on account of its fine qualities, its roseate scent and color, and its happy faculty of allaying the rage of thirst in the burning fevers of the torrid zone.
THE BLACK & WHITE FALCON.
II. FALCO MELANOLEUCOS. BLACK AND WHlTE FALCON.
F. Melanoleucos,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 274.
Latham,
i. 81.
Index Ornith,
i. 36.
INHABITS
Ceylon:
its length is sixteen inches,
BLACK AND WHITE FALCON.
its weight about ten ounces.
THE bill is black: the irides of a reddish yellow: the orbits marked with white specks. The head, neck, back, scapulars, quil-feathers, and some of the middle coverts of the wings, are black; the rest of the coverts, those of the tail, the tail itself, the breast and belly, are of a pure white.
THIS species is called in the
Cingalese, Kaloe Koeroelgoya.
We are uncertain whether it is trained for the amusement of falconry, as some other kinds are, by the natives of
Ceylon.
THE tree is the
Vidara of Rumphius,
ii. 17.
tab.
36.
RHAMNUS JUJUBA.
the
Rhamnus jujuba, Sp. Pl.
282.
Fl. Zeyl.
No 89. It bears an eatable fruit, of very little flavor.
III. OTUS BAKKAMOENA. THE LITTLE HORN OWL.
Strix indica,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 289.
Latham,
i. 127.
Index Ornith.
i. 56. No 14.
THIS elegant species is found in
Ceylon;
LITTLE HORN OWL.
is called there
Bakkamoena,
and is a scarce species even in that island.
IT is represented of its natural size. The irides are scarlet: the horns take their origin from the base of the bill, and point to the side of the head: on their inner side they are dusky, on their exterior white.
THE bill is dusky, surrounded with long bristles: the circle of feathers round the eyes is of a very pale ashcolor: the external circle of a yellowish brown.
THE head of a deep ash color: the back dusky: coverts of the wings grey, marked with narrow, lines of black, pointing downwards: the quil-feathers regularly barred with black and white: the breast buff-colored, marked with small sagital black spots: the legs feathered half way down the naked part of a reddish yellow.
THE plant is one of the most beautiful of the
Indies;
GLORIOSA SUPERBA.
THE LITTLE HORN'D OWL.
but at the same time its roots are the most venemous. It is found in
Ceylon
and
Malabar,
and, on account of its charming appearance, is called by
Linnaus,
GLORIOSA SUPERBA,
Sp. Pl.
437. By the natives it is styled
Najajala
and
Nyaghala,
possibly from its being possessed of a poison as potent as that of the serpent
Naja,
or
Cobra de Capello,
whose bite is the most fatal of any yet known.
IV. TROGON FASCIATUS. THE FASCIATED COUROUCOU.
Read, on the plate, THE FASCIATED COUROUCOU.
Trogon fasciatus,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 405.
Latham,
ii. 492.
Index Ornith.
i. 200.
THIS species is rarely,
FASCIATED COUROUCOU.
found in the isle of
Ceylon,
where the
Cingalese
call, it
Rantvan-kondea.
A species bearing some resemblance to it is described by M.
Brisson,
iv. 165, by the name
Le Couroucou Cendre;
but the bend on the breast, which distinguishes the
Indian
species, evinces it to differ from that of
Cayenne.
ITS length was ten inches and an half:
DESCRIPTION.
the weight one ounce five-eighths.
THE bill black, thick, strong, and arched; the base beset with bristles: the orbits naked, and of a deep blue: the irides yellow.
THE head and neck of a very deep dusky blue, fading into a paler as it approaches the breast.
ACROSS the breast is a fascia or band of white; beneath that the whole under-side is of a bright reddish orangecolor.
THE FACIATED COUROUCOU.
THE back is tawny; the coverts of the tail grey; the coverts of the wings, and the scapulars, elegantly barred with narrow undulated lines of black and white; the quil-feathers dusky, striped with white on their outward webs.
THE tail is very long, tipped with black, and composed of feathers of unequal lengths; the exterior feathers being much the shortest.
THE legs and feet small and dusky: the toes disposed two backward and two forward, as in the woodpecker tribe.
THE plant is the
Nummularia lactea minima. Rumph.
NUMMULARIA.
Amboin. lib.
ix.
c.
78.
V. CUCULUS PYRRHOCEPHALUS. THE RED-HEADED CUCKOO.
Cuculus Pyrrhocephalus,
Gmelin Lin.
i. 417.
Latham,
ii. 544.
Index Ornith.
i. 222
THE
Cingalese
give this species the name of
Malkoha:
THE RED-HEADED CUCKOO.
it inhabits the woods, and lives on fruits
ITS length is sixteen-inches: its weight four ounces.
THE bill is much arched. strong, and of a greenish-yellow color: the crown of the head, and part of the cheeks, are of a bright crimson, entirely surrounded by a band of white. The hind part of the head and neck black, marked with small white spots: the fore part of the neck entirely black.
THE back and wings black: the tail very long, composed of feathers of unequal lengths; their lower part black, the ends white.
THE breast and belly white: the legs of a pale blue.
THE RED HEADED CUCKOW.
THE RED WOODPECKER.
VI. PICUS MINIATUS. THE RED WOODPECKER.
Picus Miniatus;
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 432.
Latham,
ii. 595.
Index Ornith.
i. 241.
MR.
Loten
shot this on the Highlands of
Java.
It is called by the
Malayans,
THE RED WOODPECKER.
Toekan,
or the Carpenter, a name they give to woodpeckers in general, from the noise these birds make in boring trees, which resembles that made by a workman.
IT is drawn the size of life. The bill is of a dusky blue: the head of a deep dull red, and adorned with a long crest pointing backwards: on the chin is a spot of yellow.
THE hind part of the neck, the back, the coverts, and secondary feathers of the wings, are of the color of red lead: the fore part of the neck is of a rose-color: the belly white.
THE quil-feathers black, marked with large white spots: the coverts of the tail green: the tail consist of sharp-pointed feathers, like the
European
kind, and is of a deep blue.
VII. PERDIX BICALCARATUS. DOUBLE-SPURRED PARTRIDGE.
Perdix Bicalcarata,
Gmelin Lin.
ii. 759.
Forster Ind. Zool.
25. Ceylon Partridge,
Lathham,
iv. 758.
Index Ornith.
ii. 674.
THE bill of the MALE is red:
DOUBLE SPURRED PARTRIDGE.
from that to the region of the eyes is a naked red space. The head is varied with black and white streaks. The whole neck, above and below, is black, elegantly marked with sagittal lines, the points tending upwards. The thighs white. The primaries dusky, edged with rufous. The back covered with rufous feathers, dusky on each side of their shafts. Tail dusky. Legs red, on each a pair of strong sharp spurs.
THE head of the female is cinereous. The color of the back and belly rufous, brightest below. The tail dusky. Legs red and unarmed.
THESE were taken near
Colombo.
The
Cingalese
call them
Haben-Kukella.
M&F. DOUBLE SPURR'D PARTRIDGE.
THE BLACK CAP'D PIGEON.
VIII. COLUMBA MELANOCEPHALA. THE BLACK-CAPPED PIGEON.
Columba Melanocephala,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 781.
Latham
iv. 654.
Index Ornith.
ii. 610.
THIS most elegant species is painted the size of life.
BLACK-CAPPED PIGEON.
It was found on the ground in the isle of
Java,
HEAT OF THE TORRID ZONE.
having dropped down dead in one of those hot days that are known only in the torrid zone, when the fowls of the air often perish, unable to respire; when lions, leopards, and wolves, immerge themselves up to their nostrils in the water, to preserve themselves from the scorching fun
Boone
's Account of the Climate and Diseases of
Senegal.
; and when even men themselves have been forced to ascend the highest trees, in order to draw in a more temperate air
Phil. Transact.
1767.
.
SUCH a day occasioned the discovery of this species.
THE fore part of the head, the cheeks,
DESCRIPTION.
and beginning of the breast, were white: the hind part of the head black: the chin yellow.
THE rest of the neck, the breast, upper part of the belly, the back, coverts, and secondary feathers of the wings, of a fine green: the quil-feathers of a dark purple.
THE lower belly and vent feathers of a fine yellow: the outside of the thighs green; the inside white; the lower side of the tail crimson: the legs red.
M&F FLAMMEOUS. FLYCATCHER.
IX. MUSCICAPA FLAMMEA. FLAMMEOUS FLYCATCHER.
Muscicapa Flammea,
Gmelin. Lin.
ii. 942.
Forster Ind. Zool.
25. Flammeous Flycatcher,
Latham,
iii. 338.
Index Ornith.
ii. 474.
THE bill, head, neck, fore part of the back,
FLAMMEOUS FLYCATCHER.
and lesser coverts of the wings, black: rest of the back bright orange or flame-color: primaries partly black, partly orange: breast and belly of the last color, sinking into pale yellow towards the lower belly: tail dusky yellow towards the point: legs black.
THE upper part of the head, and whole back, of the supposed female, is ash-colored: about the cheeks and throat dusky: breast orange: belly white: across the primaries a flammeous band, bounded above and below with black: tail black above.
THESE are inhabitants of
Ceylon.
X. MOTACILLA SUTORIA. THE TAILOR BIRD. Motacilla Sutoria,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 997.
Latham
iv. 515.
Index Ornith.
ii. 551.
TAILOR BIRD.
HAD Providence left the feathered tribe unendowed with any particular instinct,
WONDROUS INSTINCT.
the birds of the torrid zone would have built their nests in the same unguarded manner as those of
Europe;
but there the lesser species, having a certain prescience of the dangers that surround them, and of their own weakness, suspend their nests at the extreme branches of the trees; they are conscious of inhabiting a climate replete with enemies to them and their young; with snakes that twine up the bodies of the trees, and apes that are perpetually in search of prey; but, heaven-instructed, they elude the gliding of the one, and the activity of the other.
AN
Indian
forest is a scene the most picturesque that can be imagined;
AN INDIAN FOREST.
the trees seem perfectly animated; the fantastic monkies give life to the stronger branches; and the weaker sprays wave over your head, charged with vocal and various-plumed inhabitants. It is an error to
THE TAYLOR BIRD.
say that nature hath denied melody to the birds of hot climates, and formed them only to please the eye with their gaudy plumage:
Ceylon
abounds with birds equal in song
That of what the
Portuguese
call
Dominiquin,
is particularly fine.
to those of
Europe,
which warble among the leaves of trees, grotesque in their appearance, and often loaden with the most delicious and salubrious fruit. Birds of the richest colors cross the glades, and troops of peacocks complete the charms of the scene, spreading their plumes to a sun that has ample powers to do them justice. The landscape, in many parts of
India,
corresponds with the beauties of the animate creation: the mountains are lofty, steep, and broken, but cloathed with forests enlivened with cataracts
Those of the island of
Celebes
are distinguished for their magnificent scenery, at appears from the drawings in possession of Mr.
Loten.
of a grandeur and figure unknown to this part of the globe.
BUT to give a reverse of this enchanting prospect, which it is impossible to enjoy with a suitable tranquillity; you are harassed in one season with a burning heat, or in the other with deluges of rain: you are tormented with clouds of noxious insects: you dread the spring of the
Tiger,
or the mortal bite of the
Naja.
THE brute creation are more at enmity with one another than in other climates; and the birds are obliged to exert unusual artifice in placing their little broods out of the reach of an invader. Each aims at the same end,
NEST.
though by different means. Some form their pensile nest in shape of a purse, deep, and open at top; others with a hole in the side; and others, still more cautious, with an entrance at the very bottom, forming their lodge near the summit
This instinct prevales also among the birds on the banks of the
Gambia,
in
Africa,
which abounds with monkies and snakes: others (for the same end) make their nest in holes of the banks that over-hang that vast river.
Purchas.
ii.
p.
1576.
.
BUT the little species we describe,
DESCRIPTION.
seems to have greater diffidence than any of the others: it will not trust its nest even to the extremity of a slender twig, but makes one more advance to safety by fixing it to the leaf itself.
IT picks up a dead leaf, and, surprising to relate, sews it to the side of a living one
The live leaf in the print is that of the
Mango
tree. A nest of this bird is preserved in the
British Museum.
, its slender bill being its needle, and its thread some fine fibres; the lining, feathers gossamer, and down. Its eggs are white. The color of the bird light-yellow: its length three inches, its weight only three-sixteenths of an ounce, so that the materials of the nest, and its own size, are not likely to draw down a habitation that depends on so slight a tenure.
WHITE HEADED IBIS.
XI. TANTALUS LEUCOCEPHALUS. THE WHITE-HEADED, IBIS.
Tantalus Leucocephalus,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 649.
Latham,
v. 116.
Index Ornith.
ii. 706.
IN size it is much superior to our largest curlews. The bill is yellow,
WHITE-HEADED IBIS.
very long, and thick at the base, and a little incurvated: the nostrils very narrow, and placed near the head: all the fore part of the head is covered with a bare yellow,
DESCRIPTION.
and seems a continuance of the bill; and the eyes are, in a very singular manner, placed very near its base.
THE rest of the head, the neck, back, belly, and secondary feathers, are of a pure white; a transverse broad band of black crosses the breast: the quil-feathers, and coverts of the wings, are black: the coverts of the tail are very long, and of a fine pink color;, they hang over and conceal the tail.
THE legs and thighs are very long, and of a dull flesh-color; the feet semi-palmated, or connected by webs as far as the first joint.
THIS bird was taken in the isle of
Ceylon,
PLACE.
and kept tame for some time at
Colombo;
it made a snapping noise with its bill like a stork; and, what was remarkable, its fine rosy feathers lost their color during the rainy season.
RED TAIL'D WATERHEN
XII. GALLINULA PHOENICURUS. THE RED-TAILED WATER-HEN.
Rallus Phoenicurus,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 715.
Latham,
v. 259.
Index Ornith.
ii. 770.
THIS species is very common in
Ceylon,
RED-TAILED WATER-HEN.
where it is called
Kaloe-kerewaka,
and seems the same kind that is so often figured on the
Indian
papers.
ITS length is nine inches;
DESCRIPTION.
its weight seven ounces and a quarter.
IT has the form of the
European
kind: the bill a little thicker, of a greenish cast, tinged with red; on the forehead is a flesh-colored spot.
THE hind part of the head and neck, the back and coverts of the wings, are black: the quil-feathers black, marked with large spots of a bluish cast.
THE crown of the head, the cheeks, and whole underside of the body, as far as the vent, are of a pure white: the vent feathers, and the tail, of a ferruginous red.
THE-legs and feet long, and of a dirty green, tinged with red.
XIII. ANSER MELANOTOS. THE BLACK-BACKED GOOSE.
Anser Melanotos,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 503.
Latham,
vi. 449.
Index Ornith.
ii. 839.
NOTWITHSTANDING the isles of the
East-Indies
swarm with crocodiles,
BLACK-BACKED GOOSE.
which are animals of insatiable voracity, catching at every living creature that frequents their element, yet no country, abounds more with aquatic birds; nature hath happily given them a quickness of fight, and an instantaneous locomotive power, which enables them to elude the jaws of an enemy, which, it is well known, cannot turn without the utmost difficulty. It is by a fine instinct that the lesser and more agile species of ducks frequent, in flocks innumerable, the shores, the mouths of rivers, and the marshy parts of the isles, and are, with the crocodiles, joint tenants of the waters; while the larger and more clumsy fowl avoid those places, and, dividing into small families, haunt only the lakes and streams that lie
Which
Knox,
in hit History of
Ceylon,
p. 3, says, the crocodiles never approach.
in the deep recesses of the
BLACK BACK'D GOOSE.
lofty and craggy mountains, protected by the cataracts that prevent the approach of their enemy.
TAME ducks abound so greatly in the isles,
INDIAN FOWLING.
that the capture of the wild sort is much neglected. Decoys are unknown there: the commonest, method of taking them is this: A man goes into the water with a pot or a hollow calabash on his head, and walks or swims so low as to conceal his whole body: the birds, imagining the gourds to be brought down accidentally, suffer the fowler to approach them; he pulls them by the legs under water, fastens them to a girdle he wears for that purpose, and then proceeds in his sport. This method is also practised in
China,
Du Halde Hist. China,
i. 314.
and was doubtless introduced there, and into
India,
from
Aegypt,
the original seat of science.
THE species of goose we now describe,
DESCRIPTION.
is extremely common in
Ceylon,
and is equal in size to our wild goose: the bill is long, and black; at the base is a knob, which in old birds is very large.
THE head and neck are white, marked with small black spots: the breast and belly of a pure white: the back and wings are black, but the ends of the primary feathers of a fine variable green.
THE tail is sharp-pointed and black: the legs of the same colour.
XIV. ANAS POIKILORHYNCHUS. SPOTTED-BILLED DUCK.
Anas Poikilorhyncha,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 535.
Forster, Ind. Zool.
23. Spotted-billed Duck,
Latham,
vi. 487.
Index Ornith.
ii. 850.
SPOTTED-BILLED DUCK
THE bill of this species is black, tipt with yellow,
DESCRIPTION.
and marked on each side of the base with a red spot: a white line passes from thence to and beyond the eye. The cheeks, and under side of the neck and body, white, more and more clouded from the chin to the vent, which is totally black: the wings, back, and tail, are black; each feather slightly edged with white; some of the tertials wholly white: the
speculum
of a variable green, bounded above and below with a narrow line of white.
THIS is the common wild duck of
Ceylon;
and, if I recollect right, is not inferior in size to the
English
wild duck.
SPOTTED BILL DUCK.
XV. ANHINGA. MELANOGASTER. THE BLACK-BELLIED ANHINGA.
Plotus Melanogaster,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 580.
Latham,
vi. 624.
Index Ornith.
ii. 895.
WE give it this epithet,
BLACK-BELLIED ANHINGA.
to distinguish it from an
American
species with a silvery belly
Found in
Brasil
Vide
Marcgravs, Hist. Brasiliae,
218.
.
THIS kind is found in
Ceylon
and
Java,
but is not peculiar to those islands; a variety, if not the some, being met with in
Senegal
Planches Enlianinies,
107.
.
IT fits on the shrubs that hang over the water; and, in a country where every one's ideas are filled with serpents, often terrifies the passengers by shooting out its long slender neck, which, in their first surprize, they take for the darting of some fatal reptile.
ITS body is about the size of that of a common duck,
DESCRIPTION.
but the neck extremely long: the bill strait, long, and sharp-pointed; the upper part of a pale blue, the lower reddish.
THE eye is very piercing.
THE head and neck and upper part of the breast are of a light-brown; each side of the head, and the upper part of the neck, marked with a broad white line.
THE crop is very large.
THE back, scapulars, and coverts of the wings, are marked lengthways, in equal portions, with stripes of black and white.
THE quil-feathers, belly, thighs, and tail, of a deep black; the tail remarkably long and slender.
THE legs and feet of a pale green; the four toes united by webs, after the manner of those of the corvorant.
TIGER SHARK
ZEYLON WRASSE
XVI. SQUALUS TIGRINUS. THE TIGER SHARK.
Squalus. Tigrinus,
Gmelin, Lin.
i. 1493.
Bloche,
i. 19. No 4.
Gronov. Mus.
i. No . 136.
Seb. Mus.
iii, 105. tab. 34. fig. i.
Herman,
tab. Assin. p. 302,
Forster, Ind. Zool.
24.
THE head of this shark ends obtusely,
TIGER SHARK
being of an equal thickness:
DESCRIPTION.
the nostrils are at the end of the nose: at each corner of the mouth, is a strong beard: the fins of the back are rounded and contiguous: it is of the division that has the anal fin. The ground-color is dusky: the body marked with white bands passing from the back, towards the belly: the fins are spotted with the same color.
THIS species grows to the length of fifteen feet, and is said to feed on the testaceous and crustaceous animals of the sea.
XVII. LABRUS ZEYLANICUS. THE CEYLON WRASSE.
Labrus Zeylanicus,
Gmelin. Lin.
i. 1287.
Forster, Ind. Zool.
24. Labrus Polyodon,
Seb. Mus.
iii. p. 96. tab. xxxi. fig. 7.
CEYLON WRASSE.
THIS species resembles in form the elegant
European
species,
DESCRIPTION.
the
L. Pavo,
and
L. Iulis.
The head is blue: the coverts of the gills green, marked with purple lines: the whole body of a rich green: the dorsal and anal fins purple, edged with pale sky-blue: on the middle of the pectoral fin is an oblong purple spot, environed with light blue: the tail is lunated, the base blue: the two side rays (which appeared by the drawing to be strong) purple; the intervening rays yellow. The size, about a foot and a half.
INHABITS the seas of
Ceylon
and
Java:
is called by the
Cingalese, Dschirau-Malu:
by the
Dutch, Papegaay Visch,
or
Parrot-fish;
and is eaten by the common people.
THE INDIAN FAUNULA.
FAUNULA INDICA.
CLASS I. QUADRUPEDS.
DIV. I. HOOFED.
SECT. I. WHOLE-HOOFED.
GENUS. I. HORSE.
1. GENEROUS. HIST. QUAD. vol. i. No 1.
2. Dshikketi. — 2.
3. Ass, wild and tame. — 3.
SECT. II. CLOVEN-HOOFED.
II. OX.
1. Great Indian. 6. — A.
2. Little. 6. — B.
3. Buffalo. — 8.
4. Dwarf. 8. — A.
5. Anoa. 8. — B.
6. Guavera. 8. — C.
III. Sheep.
1. Common. — II.
2. Wild. — H. p. 38.
3. Camera. — F. p. 35.
IV. GOAT.
1. Domestic. No 13. a. p. 53.
2. Caucasan? — 14.
V. ANTELOPE.
1. Algazel. — 21.
2. Indian. — 22.
3. Indostan. — 26.
4. White-footed. — 27.
5. Common. — 31.
6. Smooth-horned. β. — p. 80.
7. Chinese? — 36.
VI. DEER.
1. Spotted Axis. — 47.
2. Middle-sized A. — 48.
3. Great A. — 48.*
4. Porcine. — 49.
5. Rib-faced. — 50.
VII. MUSK.
1. Indian. — 56.
2. Guinea. — 57.
VIII. CAMEL.
1. One-bunched. — 58.
IX. HOG.
1. Common. — 61.
2. Baby-roussa. — 65.
X. RHINOCEROS.
1. One-horned. — 67.
XI. ELEPHANT.
1. Great. — 70.
DIV. II. DIGITATED QUADRUPEDS.
SECT. I. ANTHROPOMORPHOUS.
XII. APE.
TAIL-LESS.
1. Orang-outan No 72.
2. Satyr.
Scbreberr,
64. tab. ii. B.
3. Long-armed. — 74.
4. Lesser L. armed. — 74. a.
5. Shaggy.
Lev. Mus.
6. Golok.
Phil. Tr.
lix. 72.
7. Pygmy. — 73.
8. Barbary?
Erxleben,
14.
** WITH SHORT TAILS. BABOONS.
9. Little. — 83.
10. Pig-tail. — 85.
11. Lion-tailed. — 83.
*** WITH LONG TAILS. MONKIES.
12. Purple-faced. — 89.
13. Talapoin. — 99.
14. Egret. — 101.
15. Monea. — 102.
16. Chinese. — 104.
17. Cochin-china? — 107.
18. Tawny. — 108.
19. Philippine. — 115.
XIII. MAUCAUCO.
1. Tail-less. No 128.
2. Loris. — 129.
3. Tarsier. — 133.
4. Flying. — 135.
SECT. II. RAPACIOUS. CANINE TEETH
XIV. DOG.
1. Faithful. — 136.
2. Bengal.
De Buffon,
v. tab. xxxiv.
3. Schackal. — 145.
XV. CAT.
1. Lion. — 151.
2. Tiger. — 152.
3. Panther. — 153.
4. Leopard. — *154.
5. Lesser Leopard. — 155.
6. Hunting. — 156.
7. Bengal. — 164.
8. Lynx. — 170. & vol. ii. p. 565.
9. Persian L. — 173.
10. Serval. — 169.
XVI. BEAR.
1. Brown. — 174.
XVII. BADGER.
1. Indian. — 180.
XVIII. OPOSSUM.
1. Molucca. — 182.
2. Javan. — 183.
3. Phalanger. — 190.
XIX. WEESEL.
1. Ichneumon. No 211.
2. Civet. — 223.
3. Zibet. — P. 348.
4. Fossane. — 225.
5. Zeylan.
Gmelin. Lin. Syst.
89.
6. Malacca.
Sonnerat Voy.
ii. 144.
7. Fasciated.
The same,
ii. 193.
SECT. III. WITHOUT CANINE TEETH, GENERALLY HERBIVOROUS.
XX. CAVIA.
1. Surinam. HIST. QUAD. vol. ii. — 238.
XXI. HARE.
1. Common. — 241.
2. Rabbet. — 244.
3. Ogotona. — 249.
XXII. PORCUPINE.
1. Crested. — 253.
2. Long-tailed. — 254.
XXIII. SQUIRREL.
1. White-legged. — 266. γ.
2. Ceylon.
Ind. Zool.
tab. 1. — 267.
3. Javan. — 269.
4. Bombay — 270.
5. Ruddy. — 271.
6. Fair. — 276.
7. Paim. — 279.
8. Plantane. — 280. γ.
9. Great.
Gmelin. Lin. Syst.
149. — 281.
Dschinschi.
Cmelin. Lin. Syst.
151.
FLYING.
10. Salient No 81.
11. Arrow.
Gmelin. Lin. Syst.
154.
XXIV. JERBOA.
1. Middle. — 292. β.
2. Torrid. — 294.
XXV. RAT.
1. Brown. — 298.
2. Moule. — 301.
3. Oriental. — 304.
XXVI. SHREW.
1. Persuming. — 337.
2. Murine. — 340.
XXVII. HEDGE-HOG.
1. Tendrac — 357
SECT. IV. WITHOUT CUTTING TEETH.
XXVIII. SLOTH.
1. Ursi-form.
2. Two-toed. — 360.
SECT. V. WITHOUT TEETH.
XXIX. MANIS.
1. Short-tailed. — 368.
XXX. ANT-EATER.
1. Obscure. Last paragraph. No 372.
2. Talgoi. — p. 50.
DIV. III. PINNATED QUADRUPEDS.
XXXI. WALRUS.
1. Indian. — 374.
XXXII. MANATI.
1. Whale-tailed. — 390.
DIV. IV. WINGED QUADRUPEDS.
XXXIII. BAT.
1. Ternate. — 393.
2. Cordated. — 397.
3. Striped. — 404.
4. Molucca. — 405.
CLASS II. BIRDS.
DIV. I. LAND BIRDS.
ORDER I. RAPACIOUS.
THIS Catalogue is taken from MR. LATHAM'S SYNOPSIS OF BIRDS, in Seven Volumes, Quarto (including the Supplement); and from his IINDEX ORNITHOLOGGICUS, the most complete Work in its kind which I am acquainted with.
GENUS. I. VULTURE.
1. BENGAL. LATH. I. 19. SYN. pl. 1.
2. Pondicherri.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.
p.
182.
pl.
104. VII. 6.
3. Indian.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii. 183. pl. 105. — 6.
4. Gingi.
Sen. Voy. Ind.
ii. 184. — 7
5. Cheriway.
Jacquin. Vog. pl.
4. — 5.
6. Secretary.
Phil. Trans,
lxi. p. 55.
tab.
2. I. 20. pl. 2.
II. FALCON.
1. Cheela. VII. 33.
2. Kite.
Br. Zool.
I. 61.
3. Indian. — 34.*d.
4. Pondicheiri.
Pl. Enlum,
416. — 41.
5. Javan.
Index Orn.
p. 27.
6. Maritime.
Licht.Mag.
iv. 2, 6. 10.
7. Red Indian.
Will. p.
81. t. 9. I. 69.
8. Crested Indian. I. 80.
9. White-crested. — 82.
10. Pied.
lnd. Zool.
I. 81.& VII.20.
11. Behree. VII. 35.
12. Brown.
Brown III. Zool.
6. t. 3. I. 96.
13. Criard. VII. 38.
14. Bengal.
Edw. Birds,
iii.
pl.
108. I. 112.
III. OWL.
* EARED.
1. Ceylon.
Brown III. p. 8. t. 4.
I. 120. VII. 41.
2. Coromandel. VII. 44.
3. Bakkamuna.
Ind. Zool.
I. 127.
** WITHOUT EARS.
4. White.
Br. Zool.
— 138.
5. Javan.
Licbt. Mag. iv. 2. 10. Index
64
Orn. p. 64.
— 64
ORDER II. Pies.
IV. SHRIKE.
1. Malabar.
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
III. VII. 56. pl. 108.
2. Forked-tail.
Pl. Enl.
189. I. 158.
3. Luzonian.
Bris. ii. pl.
18. f. 1. — 172
4. Antiguan.
Son. Voy. pl.
70. — 171.
5. Crested-red.
Edw. Birds, pl.
54. — 170.
6. Jocose.
Pl. Enl.
508. — 175
7. Bengal.
Edw. Birds, pl.
190. — 175
8. White.
Son. Voy. pl.
72. — 189.
9. White-billed.
Pl. Enl. 9. f. 1.
— 181.
10. Dominican.
Son. Voy. pl. 26.
— 181.
11. Panayan.
Ibid. pl. 70.
— 182.
12. Boulboul. VII. 57.
13. Spotted.
J. R. Forster.
V. PARROT.
1. Gingi.
Pl. Enl.
239. I. 209.
2. Amboina red.
Pl. Enl.
240. I. 210.
3. Blue-headed.
Pl. Enl.
192. — 211.
4. Indian.
Edw. pl.
292. — 237
5. Osbeck's. — 237
6. Red-breasted.
Edw. pl.
232. — 212.
7. Black-crowded.
Seba, i. pl.
63. f. 4. — 213.
8. Papuan.
Sen. Voy. pl.
111. — 215.
9. Bornean.
Edw. pl.
173. — 216.
10. Molucca Lory.
Pl. Enl.
519. — 274.
11. Coccmeous Lory.
Pl. Enl.
143. — 217.
12. Black-capped Lory.
Edw. pl.
170. — 273
13. Beautiful Lory. — 217.
14. Crimson Lory.
Pl. Enl.
518. — 273
15. Gueby Lory.
Pl. Enl.
684. 219.
16. Ceram Lory, and Varieties — 269, 270-1.
17. Variegated Lory. — 220.
18. Purple-capped Lory.
Edw.
171. and
Pl. Enl.
119. — 271.
19. Lory Parakeet.
Edw.
174. — 221.
20. Bontian. — 323
21. Crimson-vented. — 229.
22. Varied-winged.
Son. Voy. pl.
43. — 234
23. Lace-winged.
Pl. Enl.
287. — 244.
24. Alexandrine.
Edw. pl.
292. — 234.
25. Purple-ringed.
Albin. ii. pl.
18. — 236.
26. Mustachoe.
Pl. Enl.
517. — 238
27. Blossom-headed.
Pl. EnI.
144. — 239.
28. Rose-headed.
Edw. pl.
233. — 239.
29. Red-winged.
Edw. pl.
236. — 246.
30. White-collared.
Gen. Birds,
59. — 251.
31. Black Cockatoo,
Edw. pl.
316. — 260.
32. Red-crested C.
Edw. pl.
160. — 257.
33. Red-vented C.
Brown's III. pl.
5. — 258.
34. Great Whire C.
Pl. Enl.
263. — 256.
35. Red and White C. — 260.
36. Hawk-headed.
Edw. pl.
165. — 266.
37. Red Molucca Lory.
Pl. Enl.
519. I. 274.
38. Grand Lory.
Pl. Enl.
683. — 275
39. Cochin China. VII. 65.
40. Green and Red Chinese
Edw. pl.
231. I. 278.
41. Great-billed.
Pl. Enl.
713. — 278.
42. Amboina Gramineous.
Pl. Enl.
862. — 279
43. Manilla Green.
Bris. iv. pl.
22. f. 2. — 296.
44. Eastern. VII. 64.
45. Amber. — 65.
46. Golden-winged.
Edw. pl.
293. I. 309.
47. Blue-rumped. VII. 66.
48. Red and Green.
Edw. pl.
6. I. 311.
49. Sapphire-crowned.
Edw. pl.
293. — 312.
50. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
520. — 311.
51. Black-winged.
Brown III pl.
8. — 316.
52. Collared.
Son. Voy. pl.
39. — 317
53. Luzonian.
Son. Voy. pl.
40. — 318
VI. HORN-BILL.
1. Rhinoceros.
Edw. pl.
281. B. — 342. VII. 69.
2. Helmet.
Edw. pl.
281. C. — 343.
3. Philippine.
Pet. Gaz.
28.f. 6. and 31.f. 1. — 345.
4. Pied.
Son. Voy.
Ind. ii. pl. 121. — 349. VII. 69.
5. Indian.
Pl. Enl.
283. — 351.
6. Panayan.
Pl. Enl.
780, 781. — 353.
7. Manilla.
Pl. Enl.
891. — 354.
8. White. — 357.
9. Wreathed.
Damp. Voy. iii. pl.
3. — 358. VII. 70.
10. Gingi.
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
121. VII. 71.
VII. CROW.
1. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
603. I. 381.
2. Short-tailed.
Pl. Enl.
258. — 398.
3. Philippine Sh. tailed.
Pl. Enl.
89. — 398. A.
4. Bengal Sh. tailed.
Edw. pl.
324. — 399.
5. Molucca Sh. tailed.
Pl. Enl. pl.
257. — 395. c.
6. Malacca Sh. tailed,
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
110. VII. 81.
7. Malabar Sh. tailed.
Id. p.
191. — 82. A.
VIII. ROLLER.
1. Bengal.
Pl. Enl.
285. I. 410.
2. Senegal.
Edw. pl.
327. — 408.
3. Oriental.
Pl. Enl.
619. — 411.
4. Indian.
Edw. pl.
326. — 412.
5. Fairy. VII. 87.
6. Grey-tailed. — 86.
IX. ORIOLE.
1. Golden.
Br. Zool.
II. 449.
2. Black-headed.
Edw. pl.
77. — 451
3. Yellow.
Edw. pl.
186. — 451. B.
4. Indian.
Aldrov. Av. i. pl. in p.
862. — 452. D.
X. GRAKLE.
1. Minor Grakle.
Edw. pl.
17. — 455. VII. 90.
2. Greater Minor. — 457.
3. Bald.
Pl. Enl.
200. — 457.
4. Paradise.
Pl. Enl.
219. — 458.
5. Dial.
Edw. pl.
181. — 465.
XI. PARADISE.
1. Great.
Edw. pl.
110. — 471.
2. King.
Edw. pl.
496. — 475.
3. Magnificent.
Pl. Enl.
631. — 477.
4. Creittd.
Will. Orn. 92. Index Orm. p.
195.
5. Gorget. II. 478. pl. 20.
6. White-winged VII. 92.
7. Superb.
Pl. Enl.
632. II. 479.
8. Gold-breasted.
Pl. Enl.
633. — 481.
9. Golden.
Edw. pl.
112. — 483.
10. Blue-green.
Pl. Enl.
634. — 482.
11. White.
Index Orn.
p. 107. 12.
12. Setaceous.
Gerin. Orn. t.65. f.
1.? 197.12.β.
XII. CARUCUI.
1. Fasciated.
Ind. Zool.
II. 492. 7. & β.
2. Spotted.
Brown. III. pl.
13. — 491
3. Blue-cheeked. VII.93
4. Indian. — 94
XIII. BARBET.
1. Philippine.Pl. Enl. 331. II. 500.
2. Black-throated.
Son. Voy. pl.
34. — 511.
3. Great.
Pl. Enl.
871.? VII. 95.
4. Green.
Pl. Enl.
870. II. 504.
5. Red-crowned.
Brown. III. pl.
14. — 505
6. Indian VII. 97.
7. Zeylan.
Brown. III. pl.
15. II. 506. VII. 95.
8. Gerini?
Gar. Orn. ii. pl. 181. Index Orn. p.
207.
XIV. CUCKOO.
1. Indian spotted.
Edw. pl.
59. II. 516.
2. Chinese spotted.
Pl. Enl.
764. — 519
3. Black.
Pl. Enl.
274. VII. 99.
4. Coromandel crested.
Pl. Enl.
872. II. 520.
5. Bengal.
Brown III pl.
13. — 525
6. Sacred.
Pl. Enl.
294. — 526.
7. Panayan.
Son. Voy. pl.
79. — 527.
8. Grey-headed. VII. 102.
9. Sonnerat's. — 102.
10. Yellow-bellied.
Pl. Enl.
814. II. 527.
11. Paradise.
Brif. iv. pl. 14. A. f.
1. — 529
12. Collared.
Pl. Enl.
274. — 529
13. Red-headed.
Ind. Zool.
— 544
XV. WRYNECK.
1. Wryneck.
Br. Zool.
— 548.
XVI. WOOD-PECKER.
1. Little spottd.
Br. Zool.
II. 566. β. γ.
2. Cardinal.
Son. Voy. pl.
35. — 576.
3. Brown.
PL Enl. 748. f.
2. — 577
4. Goa.
Pl. Enl.
696. — 582.
5. Bengal.
Edw. pl.
182. — 580.
6. Ceylon.
Naturforseb. xiii. pl.
1. — 581. β.
7. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
691. — 581.
8. Manilla.
Son. Voy. pl.
36. — 583
9. Half-billed. — 586.
10. Red-winged.
Ind. Zool.
— 595
11. Malacca. VII. III.
XVII. KING-FISHER.
1. Cape.
Pl. Enl.
590. II. 610. VII. 114.
2. Black and White.
Edw. pl.
9. — 612.
3. Great Bengal.
Pl. Enl.
894. — 616. B.
4. Ten-rou joulon.
Pl. Enl.
757. — 617.
5. White-collared.
Bris. iv. pl. 37. f.
2. A. — 620.
6. Green-headed.
Pl. Enl.
783. — 620.
7. Collared.
Son. Voy. pl.
33. — 623. D.
8. Black-capped.
Son. Voy. pl.
31. — 625. A.
9. Coromandel.
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
118.
Ind. Orn. p.
252.
10. Red-headed.
Gen. Birds. pl.
5. — 629. & A.
11. Purple.
Pl. Enl. 778. f.
2. — 630.
12. Bengal.
Br. Zool
— 631.
13. Crested.
Pl. Enl.
756. — 632. 632. β.
14. Eastern.
Bris. iv. pl. 37. f.
1. A. — 633
15. Ternate.
Pl. Enl.
116. — 634
* THREE-TOED.
1. Tridactylous.
Son. Voy. pl. 32. Index Orn.
i. 260. 645.
XVIII. NUT-HATCH.
1. Long-bill. VII. 118.
XIX. TODY.
1. Variegated. II. 659.
XX. BEE-EATZR.
1. Indian.
Edw.pl.
183. — 670.
2. Philippine.
Bris. iv. pl. 43. f.
2. — 672. C.
3. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
57. — 674
4. Yellow.
Will. Orn. pl.
II. — 676.
5. Coromandel.
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
119. VII. 120.
6. Yellow-throated. II. 678.
7. Red-headed.
Brif. iv. pl.
44. f. 3. A. — 679
8. Molucca. — 684
Common.
European.
— 667
XXI HOOPO.
1. Crested.
Br. Zool
II. 687. VII. 122.
2. Crested Promerops.
Seb. i. t. 30. f.
5. — 691.
3. Red-billed Pr. VII. 124.
pl.
110.
4. Blue. —
ibid.
XXII. CREEPER.
1. Familiar?
Br. Zool.
II. 701.
2. Manilla. — 706. A.
3. Red-breasted.
Pl. Enl.
246. — 706. 8.
4. Brown and White.
Edw. pl.
26. — 707. A.
5. Luzonian.
Son. Voy. pl.
30. D. — 708. B.
6. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
576. 1. — 711.
7. Collared.
Edw. pl.
265. — 709.
8. Ceylon. — 713. A.
9. Grey.
Pl. Enl.
576. f. 2. — 714.
10. Little.
Pl. Enl.
576. f. 3. — 714. A.
11. Lotenian.
PL Enl.
575. f. 2. 3. — 715
12. Green-gold.
Seb. Th. pl.
69. f. 5. — 716.
13. Asiatic.
Index Orn.
i. 288.
14. Red-backed.
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
117. f. 1. VII. 132.
15. Red-spotted.
Edw. pl.
81. II. 736
16. Indigo. VII. 130.
17. Yellow-bellied.
Son. Voy. Ind. ii. pl.
116. f. 1. — 131
18. Tusted. — 132
19. Red-billed. — 133
20. Yellow-winged. — 133
21. Long-billed. — 133
22. Macassar.
Seb. i. pl.
63. f. 1. II. 741.
23. Indian.
Seb. ii. pl.
19. f. 2. — 741
24. Amboina.
Seb. ii. pl.
62. f. a. — 741
ORDER. III. PASSERINE. XXIII. STARE.
1. Contra.
Edw. pl.
187. III. 5
XXIV. THRUSH.
1. Pagoda. — 30. VII. 140.
2. Malabar. — 30. VII. 140.
3. Chinese.
Bris. ii. pl.
23. f. 1. — 36.
4. Philippine. — 38.
5. Surat. — 38.
6. Pensive.
Pl. Enl.
636. 564. — 53
7. Hermit.
Pl. Enl.
339. — 54
8. Pigeon. — 64.
9. Dominican.
Pl. Enl.
627. 2. — 58.
10. Songster.
Son. Voy. pl.
73. — 59
11. Malabar. — 60.
12. Ceylon.
Edw. pl.
321. — 62.
13. Orange-headed. VII. 145.
14. Indian.
Pl. Enl.
564. 1. III. 66.
15. Grey. — 67.
16. Mindanao.
Pl: Enl.
627. 1. — 69.
17. Long-tailed. III. 72. pl. 39
18. Amboina.
Seb. i. pl.
62. f. 4. — 73
19. Yellow-crowned.
Brown III. pl.
22. — 74. VII. 143.
20. Ash-rumped.
Pl Enl.
273. 2. — 74
21. Gingi. VII. 144.
22. Dauma. — 145
23. Black and Scarlet. — 146
24. Rose-colored.
Edw. pl.
20. — 142
Rock. European. III. — 57
XXV. COLY.
1. Panayan.
Son. Voy. pl.
74. — 103.
2. Indian. VII. 147.
XXVI. GROSBEAK.
1. Gold-backed.
Brown III. pl.
25. III. 115.
2. Cardinal.
Mus. Carls. fase
ii. t. 41. — 118.β.
3. Boeton.
Seb. i. pl.
60. f. 4. — 119.
4. Madagafcar.
Pl. Enl.
134.2. — 119.
5. Java.
Edw. pl.
41. 42. — 129
6. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
135. 2. — 129
7. Bengal.
Edw. pl.
189. — 133
8. Sumatran.
Mus: Carls. fase.
iii. t. 71
Index Orn.
384.
9. Yellow? — 139
10. Yellow-rumped. — 140.
11. Malacca.
Edw. pl.
355. — 140.
12. Molucca.
Pl. Enl.
139. 2. — 141.
13. Cowry.
Edw. pl.
40. — 142.
14. Brown? — 147
15. Lineated?
Brif. iii. pl.
17. 1. — 149
16. Red-billed.
Edw. pl.
271. 2. — 151.
17. Cinereous.
Edw. pl.
179. 2. — 154.
18. Indian. VII. 155.
19. Malabar. III. 154.
20. Orange-bellied.
Edw. pl.
83. 1. III. 157.
21. Prasine.
Mus. Carls.fase.
iii. t. 73.
Index Orn.
i. 396.
22. Dwarf.
Jacq. Vog. p. 28. pl.
13. — 158
XXVII. BUNTING.
1. Long-tailed.
Will. Orn. t.
45. — 181
2. Panayan.
Pl. Enl.
647. — 184
3. Familiar. — 194
4. Red-rumped.
Pl. Enl.
101. 2. — 208
5. Blue-faced.
Bris iii. Pl.
7.s. 4. — 209
6. Green. — 209
7. Astatic. VII. 160
XXVIII. TANAGRE.
1. Amboina.
Seb. i. pl.
38. f. 6. III. 244.
XXIX. FINCH.
1. Lovely. VII.168.
2. White-breasted.
Pl. Enl.
224. 2. III. 268.
3. Collared.
Edw. pl.
272. — 280
4. Blue-bellied.
Edw. pl.
131. — 310
5. Amandavad.
Edw. pl.
355. 1. — 311
6. Brown.
Pl. Enl.
115. 2. — 312
7. Maia, or Cuba.
Pl. Enl.
109. 2. fem. — 315
8. Ceylon. — 317
9. Lunar.
Mill. III. pl.
30. — 320
10. Green-rumped. — 320
XXX. FLY-CATCHER.
1. Pied.
Br. Zool. Edw. pl.
30. — 324
2. Coromandel. — 331
3. Flammeous.
Ind. Zool.
— 338
4. Cinnamon. IV. 447. 42.
5. Tusted. III. 334
6. Red-vented.
Brown III. pl.
31. III. 335
7. Variety.
Yellow-vented.
— ibid.
8. Guava.
Son. Voy. pl.
28. — ibid.
9. Yellow-breasted.
Brown III. pl.
82. — 336
10. Green. — 336
11. Black.
Son. Voy. pl.
27. 2. — 338
12. Philippine. — 339
13. Azure.
Pl. Enl.
666. 1. — 339
14. Blue-head.
Son. Voy. pl.
26. 1. — 339
15. Yellow-throat.
Son. Voy. pl.
26. 2. — 340
16. Paradise.
Edw. pl.
113. — 345
17. Javan.
Mus Carls. fase.
iii. t. 75.
Index Orn.
ii. 490.
18. Cambaian — 490
XXXI. LARK.
1. Sky?
Br. Zool.
IV. 368.
2. Malabar.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii, pi. 113. 1. — 379
3. Gingi.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.pl. 113. 2. — 380
XXXII. WAGTAIL.
1. White?
Br. Zool.
— 395
2. Collared.
Son. Voy. pl.
29. — 396
3. Pied.
Raii Syn. pl.
1. f. 1. — 397
4. Javan.
Br. Zool. var.
398. — 399.
5. Indian. — 399
6. Yellow.
Br. Zool. Timor.
— 401. 6. A.
7. Green.
Brown III. pi.
23. — 403.
XXXIII. WARBLER.
1. Luzonian.
PI. Enl.
235. 1. 2. — 451.
2. Coromandel. 452.
3. Philippine.
PI. Enl.
185. 2. — 453
4. Wheat-ear.
Br. Zool.
— 465
5. Pink.
Brown III. pl.
33. — 473
6. Olive.
Brown III. pl.
14. IV. 473.
7. Green.
Edw. pl.
79. — 474.
8. Cingalese.
Brown III.
pl. 32. — 474.
9. Superb. — 501.
pl.
53.
10. Blue headed.
Son. Voy. t.
27. I.
Index Orn.
ii. 545.
11. Gold-crested Wren.
Br. Zool.
III. 508.
12. Tailor.
Ind. Zool.
— 515.
13. Black-necked. VII. 187.
14. Cambaian.
Index Orn.
ii. 554.
15. Guzurat.
Ibid.
16. Asiatic.
Ibid.
Yellow Wren.
Br. Zool.
IV. 512.
XXXIV. MANAKIN.
1. Little. — 526.
XXXV. TITMOUSE.
1. Malabar.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.
pl.
114. I. — 555.
2. Indian.
Mus. Carls. fasc.
ii. t. 50.
Index Orn.
ii. 572.
XXXVI. SWALLOW.
1. Panayan.
Son. Voy. pl.
76. — 565.
2. Red-headed. — 571.
3. Indian. — 571.
pl.
56.
4. Esculent.
Bris.
ii.
pl.
46.
f.
2 A. — 578.
Chimney.
Br. Zool.
— 560.
XXXVII. GOAT-SUCKER.
I. Asiatic. VII. 195.
2. Indian. — 196.
ORDER IV. COLUMBINE.
* TAIL EVEN AT THE END. XXXVIII. PIGEON.
1. Domestic.
PL. Enl.
466. IV. 605.
2. Laced. — 610.
3. White-wniged.
Edw. pl.
76. — 617. VII. 197.
4. Great-crowned.
Edw. pl.
338. — 620.
5. Lesser-crowned.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.
pl.
100. — 622. 623.
pl.
58.
6. Grey-headed.
Son. Voy. pl.
66. — 623.
7. Yellow-faced.
Brown III. pl.
20. — 624.
8. Purple-shoulder. VII. 201.
9. Asiatic. — 202.
10. Green-winged.
Edw. pl.
14. IV. 625.
11. Jamboo. — 627.
12. Red-crowned.
Son. Voy. pl.
67. — 628.
13. Parrot.
Pl. Enl.
138.
Son. Voy. pl.
65. — 629. 630.
14. Aromatic.
Pl. Enl.
163. — 631.
15. Nicobar.
Pl. Enl.
491. — 642.
16. Common Turtle.
Pl. Enl.
394. — 644.
17. Luzonian T.
Son. Voy. pl.
22. — 646.
18. Collared.
Pl. Enl.
244. — 648.
19. Grey.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.
pl.
102. — 649.
20. Barred.
Edw. pl.
16. — 650. VII. 200.
21. Surat.
Index Orn.
ii. 609.
22. Cambayan. — 652.
23. Malabar. — 652.
24. Green.
Pl. Enl.
142. — 653.
25. Black-capped.
Ind. Zool.
— 654.
26. Javan.
Pl. Enl.
177. — 654.
27. Blue crowned. — 655. — 657.
28. Red-breasted.
Son. Voy. pl.
21.
29. Sanguine.
Son. Voy. pl.
20. — 657.
30. Malacca. — 661.
** LONG AND CUNEIFORM TAILS.
31. Amboina.
Brif. i pl.
9.
f.
3. IV. 665.
32. Bantam.
Mus. Carls. fasc.
iii. t. 67.
Index Orn.
ii. 615.
ORDER V. GALLINACEOUS.
XXXIX. PEACOCK.
1. Crested.
Pl. Enl.
433. 434. IV. 668.
pl.
60.
XL. TURKY.
1. Horned.
Edw. pl.
16. — 680.
XLI. PHEASANT.
1. Wild Cock.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.
pl.
94. 95. — 698.
2. Colored. VII. 210.
3. Impeyan. — 208.
pl.
114.
XLII. PARTRIDGE.
1. Ceylon.
Ind. Zool.
IV. 758. VII. 222.
2. Francolin.
Edw. pl.
246. — 759.
3. Hackled. — 766.
pl.
66.
4. Red.
Pl. Enl.
150. 231. — 767.
5. Gingi. — 773.
6. Pondicherri. — 774.
7. Fasciated. — 221.
8. Asiatic.
Index Orn.
ii. 649.
9. Indian. — 752. 20.
10. Javan.
Brown III. pl.
17. — 775.
11. Common Quail.
Pl. Enl.
170. — 779.
12. Chinese.
Edw. pl.
247. — 783.
13. Noisy.
Will. Orn. pl.
29. — 787.
14. Coromandel. — 789.
15. Manilla.
Son. Voy. pl.
24. — 790.
16. Cambaian.
Index Orn.
ii. 655.
* TRIDACTYLOUS.
1. Luzonian.
Son. Voy. pl.
23. IV. 792.
XLIII. BUSTARD.
1. Indian.
Edw. pl.
250. — 804.
2. Passarage. VII. 228.
3. White-chinned.
Mill. III. pl.
33. IV. 806.
XLIV. CASUARY.
1. Galeated.
PI. Enl.
313. V. 10.
pl.
72.
DIV. II. Water Fowl.
ORDER. VII. Cloven-Footed.
XLV. SPOON-BILL.
1. Luzonian.
Son. Voy. pl.
51.
Index Orn.
ii. 668. β
XLVI. JABIRU.
1. Indian. VII. 23.
XLVII. HERON.
* CRANES.
1. Sibirian Crane.
Pallas It.
ii. t. 1. v. 37.
2. Indian Crane.
Edw.
45. — 38. 39.
3. Common Crane.
Pl. Enl.
769. — 40.
4. Japan Crane. V. 42.
5. Gigantic. — 45. VII. 232.
pl.
115.
** HERONS.
6. Philippine Heron.
Pl. Enl.
898. — 72.
7. Coromandel.
Pl. Enl.
910. — 75. A.
8. Cinnamon. — 77.
9. Malacca.
Pl. Enl.
911. — 78.
10. Violet.
Pl. Enl.
906. — 97.
11. Louhaujung. VII. 238.
12. Yellow-necked. — 239.
*** BEC-OUVERTS
13. Pondicherry.
Pl. Enl.
932. V. 101.
14. Coromandel.
Son. Voy. Ind.
ii.
pl. p.
219. — 102.
XLVIII. IBIS.
1. White-headed.
Ind. Zool.
— 116.
2. Manilla.
Son. Voy. pl.
47. — 117.
3. Black-headed. VII. 240.
XLIX. CURLEW.
1. Luzonian.
Son. Voy. pl.
48. V. 122.
L. SNIPE.
1. Woodcock?
Br. Zool.
— 129.
2. Common Snipe.
Br. Zool.
— 134.
3. Cape. VII. 244. E.
4. Bengal.
Albin.
iii.
pl.
90. V. 140. D.
5. Madras.
Raii Syn. t.
I.
f.
2. — 141.
6. White Indian. V. 141.
LI. SAND-PIPER.
1. Goa.
Pl. Enl.
807. — 165.
LII. PLOVER.
1. Golden?
Br. Zool.
— 193.
2. Long-legged.
Br. Zool.
— 195. VII. 252.
3. Philippine.
Son. Voy. pl.
46. — 205. C.
4. Wattled.
Pl. Enl.
880. — 216.
5. Indian. VII. 254.
LIII. RUNNER. CUESORIUS. LATHAM
Index,
ii. 751.
1. Coromandel Pl.
Pl. Enl.
892. V. 217.
LIV. PRATINCOLE.
1. Maldivian. — 224
2. Coromandel. —
ibid.
3. Madras. —
ibid.
LV. RAIL.
1. Philippine.
Pl. Enl.
774. — 230.
2. Striated Ph.
Brif. v. pl.
14.
f.
2. — 232. C.
3. Dusky. — 232. B.
4. Banded.
Brif. v. pl.
15.
f.
1. — 233.
5. Brown.
Pl. Enl.
773. —
ibid.
6. Ceylon.
Brown III. pl.
37. — 235.
LVI. JACANA.
1. Luzonian.
Son. Voy. pl.
45. — 245.
2. Indian. VII. 257.
LVII. GALLINULE.
1. Madras.
Raii Syn. t,
I.
f.
4. V. 253.
2. Purple.
Edw. pl.
87. — 254.
3. Green. — 257.
4. Red-tailed.
Ind. Zool.
— 259.
5. Crested. — 267.
ORDER VIII. PINNATED FEET.
LVIII. GREBE.
1. Little.
Pl. Enl.
945. — 290. A.
ORDER IX. WEB-FOOTED.
LIX. ALBATROS.
1. Wandering.
Edw. pl.
88. — 304.
LX. SKIMMER.
1. Black.
Pl. Enl.
357, VI. 347.
LXI. TERN.
1. Caspian.
Index Orn.
ii, 804. β.
2. Philippine.
Son. Voy. pl.
85. VII. 267.
3. Panayan.
Son. Voy. pl.
84. VI. 363.
4. White.
Portlock Voy. pl. p.
312. — 363.VII. 266.
LXII. PETREL.
1. Stormy.
Edw. pl.
90. — 411.
LXIII. DUCK.
1. Chinese?
Pl. Enl.
374. — 447.
2. Black-backed.
Ind. Zool.
— 449.
3. Barred-head. VII. 177.
4. Greyhead.
Brown. III. pl.
41. 42. VI. 458.
5. Spotted-bill.
Ind. Zool.
— 487.
6. Falcated.
Pl. Enl.
930. — 517. A.
7. Pink-headed. VII. 276.
pl.
119.
8. Coromandel.
Pl. Enl.
949. 950. VI. 556.
9. Manilla.
Son. Voy. t.
54. — 557.
LXIV. PELECAN.
1. White.
Edw. pl.
92. — 575.
2. Roseate.
Son. Voy. pl.
54. — 579.
3. Manilla.
Son. Voy. pl.
53. — 583.
4. Philippine.
Brif.
vi.
pl.
46. — 583.
LXV. DARTER.
I. Black-bellied.
Ind. Zool.
— 624.
CLASS III. AMPHIBIA.
ORDO I. REPTILIA.
GENUS. I TESTUDO.
IMBRICATA.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
80.
fig.
9.
Squamata.
Bont. Java.
82.
Lutaria.
Amen. Acad.
i.
p.
139. No 23.
Serpentina.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
2.
p.
36.
Indica.
Schneid. Schild, p.
355. No 14.
II. RANA.
Gibbosa.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
71.
fig.
4. 5.
Ventricosa.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
74.
fig.
I.
Venulosa.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
72.
fig.
4.
Marginata.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
p.
47.
III DRACO.
Volans.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
86.
fig.
3.
IV. LACERTA.
Gangetica.
Edw. Act. Aug.
49.
p.
639. t. 19.
Monitor.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
86.
fig.
2. 2.
Bicarinata.
Mauritanica. β.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
108.
fig.
2. 7.
Iguana.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
95.
fig.
I. 2.
Calotes.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
86.
fig.
6.
Superciliosa.
Seb. Mus,
i.
tab.
94,
fig.
4.
Scutata.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
109.
fig.
3, 4,
Amboinensis, & Var. β.
Lacustris.
y. Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
12.
fig.
7.
Vittata.
Houtt. Act. Ulissing.
9. t. 2.
Gecho.
Forsk. Fn. Arab. p.
13. No 4.
Chameleon.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
82.
fig.
2. 4. 5.
Agilis.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
79.
fig.
5.
Tequixin. Plica.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
96.
fig.
1.
Serpens.
Bipes.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
53.
fig.
8.
ORDO II. SERPENTES.
V. BOA.
Hipnale.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
34.
fig.
2.
Constrictor.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
36.
fig.
5.
VI. COLUBER.
Clotho.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
93.
Lutrix.
Plicatilis.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
57.
fig.
5.
Alidras.
Buccatus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
19.
fig.
3.
Javanus.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
10.
fig.
2.
Berus. β. δ
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
9.
fig.
8.
Typhlus.
Reginae. Aeculapii. Afa / . Ad. Fr. i. 13. fig. 3.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
II.
fig.
2.
Rhombeatus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
24.
fig.
2.
Miliaris.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i. p. 27.
Albus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i. p. 24. t. 14.
fig.
2.
Agilis.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
21.
fig.
2.
Lacteus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
18.
fig.
1.
Pallidus.
Ibid. tab.
7.
fig.
2.
Caecus.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
90.
fig.
1.
Naja.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
44.
fig.
1.
Padera.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
ii. p. 44,
Canus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i. p. 31. t. 11.
fig.
1.
Zeylonicus.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
100.
fig.
4.
Laticaudatus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
16.
fig.
1.
Atrow β.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
43.
fig.
4. 5.
Saturninus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
9.
fig.
1.
Candidus.
Ibid. tab.
7.
fig.
1.
Scaber.
Ibid. tab.
10.
fig.
1.
Carinatus.
Exoletus.
Ibid. tab.
10.
fig.
2.
Triscalis.
Pelias.
Ocellatus.
Seb. Mus
ii.
tab.
I.
fig.
3. 8.
Hitambocia.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
33.
fig.
6.
Tigrinus.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
15.
fig.
2.
Molurus.
Ahaetulla.
Catesb. Car.
ii.
tab.
47.
Petalarius,
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
9.
fig.
2.
Filiformis.
Ibid. tab.
17.
fig.
2.
Minervae.
Ibid.
p. 36.
Cinereus.
Ibid.
p. 37.
Mucosus.
Ibid. tab.
23.
fig.
I.
Caerulescens.
Ibid. tab.
20.
fig.
2.
VII. ANCUIS.
Meleagris.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
21.
fig.
4.
Scytale.
Ibid. tab.
2.
fig.
1. 4.
Arer.
Ibid. tab.
73.
fig.
3.
VIII. CAECILIA.
Tentaculata.
Ibid. tab.
25.
fig.
2.
Glutinosa.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
4.
fig.
I.
CLASSIS IV. PISCES.
ORDO I. BRANCHIOSTEGI.
GENUS. I. OSTRACION.
TRIQUETER.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
24.
fig.
6. 12.
Trigonus.
Artedi Gen.
56.
syn.
85.
Bicaudalis.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
24.
fig.
3.
Tricornis.
Quadricornis.
Edw. Glean, tab.
284.
fig.
1.
Cornurus.
Will. Ichth.
t.I. 13.
fig.
1.
Tuberculatus.
Arted. Gen.
55.
syn.
84.
Cubicus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
24.
fig.
4. 5.
II. TETRODON.
Testudineus.
Amaen. Acad.
i.
tab.
14.
fig.
3.
Electricus.
Act. Aug.
lxxvi. p. 382.
tab.
13.
Oblongus.
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
ii. t. 146.
fig.
I.
Ibid. fig.
2.
Rostratus.
Hispidus.
Aman. Acad.
iv. p, 207. No 23.
III. SYNGNATHUS.
Tetragonus.
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
i. t. 121.
fig.
1.
Hyppocampus.
Will. Ichth. tab.
I. 25.
IV. PEGASUS.
Draconis. Grow.
Zooph. tab.
12.
fig.
2. 3.
Volans.
Mus. Ad.
ii. p. 56.
Natans.
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
i. t. 121.
fig.
2. 3.
V. CENTRISCUS.
Scutatus.
Gron. Mus.
ii.
tab.
7.
fig.
3.
Valitaris.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
viii.
tab.
4.
fig.
8.
VI. BALISTES.
Tomentosus.
Gron. Mus.
i.
tab.
6.
fig.
5.
Verrucosus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
27.
fig.
4.
Biaculeatus.
Will. Ichth. App. tab.
10.
fig.
2.
Aculeatus.
Seb. Mus.
iii. tab. 24.
fig.
15.
Vetula.
Catesh. Carol.
ii.
tab.
22.
Capriscus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
24.
fig.
16.
Punctacus.
Nieuhof. Ind.
ii. p. 275.
Kleinii.
Klein. Miss. Pisc.
iii.
tab.
3.
fig.
12.
VII. CYCLOPTERUS.
Lumpus. β. γ.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 103. No I.
Nudus.
Mus Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
27.
fig.
I.
ORDO II. CHONDROPTERYGII.
VIII. SQUALUS.
Catulus.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 90. No 9.
Tigrinus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
34.
fig.
I.
Glaucus.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 84. No 5.
Canicula.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 88. No 8.
Zygaena.
Rondel. Pisc.
i. p. 389.
Acanthias.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 77. No 2.
Indicus.
Gron. Mus.
i. No 133.
IX. RAJA.
Pastimca.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 71. No 6.
ORDO III. APODES.
X. MURAENA.
Colubrina.
Pall. n. nord. Beytr.
ii. t. 2.
fig.
3.
Anguilla. Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 142. No 12.
XL GYMNOTUS.
Notopterus.
Pall. Spicil. Zool.
vii.
tab.
6.
fig.
2.
XII. TRICHIURUS.
Indicus.
Will. Ichth. App. tab.
3.
fig.
3.
XIII. OPHIDIUM.
Aculeatum.
Will. Ichth. App. tab.
10.
fig.
I.
ORDO IV. JUGULARES.
XIV. CALLIONYMUS.
Ocellatus.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
viii.
tab.
4.
fig.
13.
Sagitta.
Ibid. fig.
4. 5.
XV. GADUS.
Lota.
Brit. Zool.
iii. p. 163. No 14.
XVI. BLENNIUS.
Cristatus.
Gron. Mus.
i. No 75.
Cornutus.
Fasciatus.
Bicch. Ausl Fisch.
ii. t. 162.
fig.
I.
Supercihosus.
Gron. Mus.
n.
tab
5.
fig.
5.
Mustelans.
XVII. KURTUS.
Indicus.
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
ii.
tab.
169.
ORDO V. THORACICI.
XVIII. ECHENEIS.
Neucrates.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
33.
fig.
2.
XIX. CORVPHAENA.
Pentadactyla.
Block Ausl. Fisch.
ii. t. 173.
Fasciolata.
Pall. Spicil. Zool.
viii.
tab.
3.
fig.
2.
Velifera.
Ibid. fig.
I.
XX. GOBIUS.
Schlofferi.
Ibid. tab.
I.
fig.
I. 4.
Bodaerti.
Ibid. tab.
2.
fig.
4. 5.
Cyprinoides.
Ibid. tab.
I.
fig.
5.
XXI. COTTUS.
Grunniens.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
23.
fig.
4.
Scaber.
Bloch. Aust. Fisch.
ii
tab.
180.
Monopterigius.
Bloch. Ausl Fisch.
ii. t. 178.
fig.
I. 2.
XXII. SCORPAENA.
Horrida.
Gron. Zooph. tab.
II. 12. 13.
fig.
I.
Volitans.
Will. Ichth. App. tab.
2.
fig.
3.
Antennata.
Bloch Ausl. Fisch.
iii. t. 185.
Didactyla.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
vii.
tab.
4.
fig.
I. 3.
XXIII. ZEUS.
Insidiator.
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
iii.
tab.
192.
fig.
2. 3.
Gallus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
26.
fig.
34.
Ciliaris.
Block Ausl. Fisch. tab.
191.
XXIV. PLEURONEC TES.
Tricodactylus.
Art. Gen.
18.
syn.
33.sp. 60.
Zebra.
Block Ausl. Fisch.
iii.
tab.
181.
XXV. CHAETODON.
Canescens.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
25.
fig.
7.
Acuminatus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i.
tab.
33.
fig.
3.
Pinnatus.
Ibid. fig.
6.
Cornutus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
25.
fig.
6.
Argrnteus.
Amaen. Acad.
iv. p. 249.
Rostratus. Orbis.
Ibid fig.
17
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
iii.
tab.
102.
fig.
2.
Nigricans.
Act. Angl.
1784. ii.
tab.
12.
Lineatus.
Seb. Mus. tab.
25.
fig.
I.
Triostegus.
Broussonet Ichth. Dec.
i. t. 4.
Macrulepidotus.
Seb. Mus.
iii. t. 25. f. 8.
Argus.
Will. Ichth. App.
p. 2. t. a. f. 2.
Srriatus.
Seb. Mus,
iii.
tab.
25.
fig.
9.
Arcuanus.
Ibid. tab.
26. fig. 23.
Vagabunqus.
Ibid. tab.
5.
fig.
18.
Ciliaris.
Edw. Glean, tab.
283.
fig.
4.
Saxarilis.
Bloch. Ausl. Fisch.
iii. t. 206.
fig.
1.
Rotundus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i. p. 64.
Lanceolatus.
Edw. Av. tab.
210.
Dux.
Block. Ausl. Fisch.
iii.
tab.
195.
Pavo.
Ibid. tab.
198.
fig.
1.
Vespertilio.
Ibid. tab.
199.
fig.
2.
Unimaculatus.
Ibid. tab.
201.
fig.
I.
Bicolor.
Ibid. tab.
206.
fig.
I.
Ocellatus.
Ibid. tab.
211.
fig.
2.
Bengalensis
Ibid. tab.
213.
fig.
2.
Octofasciatus.
Ibid. tab.
215.
fig.
I.
Annularis.
Ibid. tab.
215.
fig.
2.
Fiber.
Ibid. tab.
212.
fig.
2.
Teria.
Ibid. tab.
199.
fig.
I.
Forsk. Fn. Arab.
p. 60. No 82.
XXVI. SPARUS.
Insidiator.
Pall. Spic. Zool. tab.
5.
fig.
I.
Palpebratus.
Pall. n. nord. Beytr.
ii. t. 4.
fig.
I. 2.
Spinus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
ii. p. 74 *.
XXVII. SCARUS.
Schlofferi.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
viii. p. 41.
XXVIII. LABRUS.
Lunaris.
Gron. Mus.
ii.
tab.
6.
fig.
2.
Trichopterus.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
viii. p. 45.
Zeylanicus.
Ind. Zool, tab.
13.
fig.
3.
Ferrugineus.
Paroticus.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
ii. p. 76.
Linearis.
Amaen. Acad.
i. p. 315.
XXIX. PERCA.
Polymna.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
26. f. 20. 24.
Cottoides.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
ii. p. 84.
Stigma.
Radula.
Aman. Acad.
i. p. 313.
XXX. TRIGLA.
Minuta.
ORDO VI. ABDOMINALES.
XXXI. SILURUS.
Ascita.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
i. p. 79. t. 30.
fig.
2.
Costarus.
Gron. Mus.
ii.
tab.
5.
fig.
1. 2.
XXXII. TEUTHIS.
Hepatus.
Catesb. Carol.
ii.
tab.
I.
fig.
I.
Java.
Valent. Ind.
iii. p. 339.
fig.
410.
XXXIII. SALMO.
Gasteropelecus. Anostomus.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
viii. t. 3.
fig.
4. 5.
Gron. Mus,
ii.
tab.
7.
fig.
2.
XXXIV. FlSTULARIA.
Chinensis.
Pet. Gaz. tab.
68.
fig.
I.
Paradoxa.
Pall. Spic. Zool.
viii.
tab.
4.
fig.
6.
XXXV. ESOX.
Brasiliensis.
Brown Jam. tab.
45.
fig.
2.
Gymnocephalus.
XXXVI. POLYNEMUS.
Paradiseus.
Edw. Av. tab.
208.
XXXVII. CLUPEA.
Thrissa.
Brousson. Ichth.
i.
tab.
10.
Mystus.
Amaen. Acad.
v.
tab. fig.
12.
XXXVIII. CYPRIMUS.
Tinea.
Brit, Zool.
iii. p. 306. No 3.
Will. Ichth.
t. 2. 5.
CLASSIS V. INSECTA.
ORDO I. ELEUTERATA.
LUCANUS.
ALCES.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No I.
Petiv. Gazoph. tab.
47. f. 15.
Gazella.
Fab. Mantis. p. I. Oliv. Coleopt.
(Lucan)
pl.
4. f. 13. a. b.
Lama.
Pl.
3. f. 8.
Carinatus.
Lin. S. N.
No 5.
SCARABAEUS.
Alcides.
Feb. Sp. Ins.
No 2.
Oliv. Col.
(Scar.)
pl.
I. f. 2.
Gideon. Lin. 3.
pl.
11. f. 102.
Centaurus. 4.
pl.
11. f. 104.
Oromedon. 5.
pl.
18. 165.
Aeigeon. 6.
pl.
26. f. 119.
Dichotomus. Lin. 9.
pl.
17. f. 156.
Claviger. 10.
pl.
5. f. 40. a. β.
Pan. 12.
pl.
5. f. 35. pl. 23. f. 30. β.
Simson. 19.
pl.
15. f. 142.
Geryon. 25.
pl.
24. f. 208.
Quadrispinosus. 36.
pl.
19. f 179.
Quadridens. 37.
pl.
12. f. 108. a. b.
Fnema.
Fab. Mant. Ins.
No 12.
Rhinoceros. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 40.
pl.
18. f. 166.
Coronatus. No 47.
pl.
12. f. 110.
Hircus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 52.
Piceus. 55.
Oliv. Col.
(Scar.)
pl.
24. f. 211.
Aygulus. 57.
pl.
13. f. 120. &
pl.
4. f. 28. a. b.
Analis.
Fab. Mant. Ins.
64.
Unifasciatus.
Gmel. Lin.
No 182.
Schall. Hall. Naturs.
I. p. 240.
Scaber. L.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
72.
Oliv. Ccl. pl.
23. f. I. C.
Pygmaeeus.
Gmel. Lin. 186. Sch. II Nat.
f. 1. p. 239.
Longimanus. L.
Fab. Sp. Inf.
73.
Oliv. Col. pl.
4. f. 27.
Verer. Mant. App.
p. 377.
Barbarus.
Spec. Ins.
No 83.
Marginellus. 88.
pl.
13. f. 116.
Sabaeus. 99. a. b.
pl.
9. f. 85.
Pithecius. 102.
pl.
9. f. 73.
Seniculus, 103.
pl.
7. f. 56. a. b.
Ammon. 105.
pl.
12. f. III.
Rhadamistus. 109.
pl.
14. f. 136.
Lar.
Mantiss. Ins.
124. a. b.
Bifasciatus.
Spec. Ins.
III.
pl.
13. f. 119.
Capucinus. 113.
pl.
2. f. 12.
pl.
25. f. 12. b.
Boas.
Mant. Ins.
129.
Bonasus.
Spec. Ins.
114.
pl.
6. f. 43. a-c.
Bucephalus. 117.
pl.
4. f. 26.
pl.
10. f. 92. b.
Lancifer. L. 119.
pl.
4. f. 32.
Spinisey. 131.
pl.
12. f. 112.
Fricator.
Mant. Ins.
140.
Miliaris.
Sp. Ins.
141.
pl.
18. f. 164.
Koenigii. 145.
pl.
9. f. 77.
Pallipes. 153.
Aenus.
Sp. Ins.
156.
Oliv. Coleop.
(Scar.)
pl.
14. f. 128. a. b.
Catta.
Fab. Mand.
No 115.
pl.
23. f. 201.
Auglas.
pl.
24. f. 212.
M
lampus.
pl.
17. f. 159.
Tullus.
pl.
19. f. 88. b. &
pl.
11. f. 98.
Hesperus.
p.
14. f. 129.
S
atus.
pl.
21. f. 189. & 1 f. 10. f. 93.
Erraticus.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 29.
Faun. Suec.
No 383.
TROX. Horridus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 3.
Oliv. Col.
(Trox.)
pl.
1. f. 2.
MELOLONTHHA.
Serrata. 2.
Oliv. Col.
(Melol.)
pl.
1. f. 5.
Lanigera. 10.
pl.
4. f. 39. a. b.
Glabrat 12.
pl.
9. f. 80.
Dorsalls. 17.
Rusicoills. 24.
pl.
9. f. 111.
Erythrocephala. 23.
pl.
7. f. 80.
Rauca. 37.
pl.
6. f. 62.
Ferruginea. 38.
pl.
7. f. 82.
Probolcidea. 49.
pl.
8. f. 96.
Podagrica. 52.
pl.
5. f. 51.
Mutabilis. 60.
pl.
3. f. 24.
Vittata. 74.
pl.
8. f. 94.
Candida. No 8.
pl.
8. f. 98.
Femoralis. 41.
pl.
9. f. 110.
Pubeseens. 57.
pl.
6. f. 71. 7.
p.
43. f. 5.
Unicolor.
Gmel. Lin.
313.
Fuesl. Arc. Ins.
Ciliatus. 314. f. 6.
Sepicola.
Lin. S. Nat.
55.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
24.
Syriacus.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 56.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
25.
Leei.
Gmel. Lin.
427.
N. Att. Stockb.
8. 178 f. 3. No 3. 4.
TRICHIUS.
Indus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 2.
Oliv. Col.
(Ceton.)
pl.
6. f. 40.
Viridulus. 6.
pl.
6. f. 86.
CETONIA
Chinensis. 2.
pl.
2. f. 5. a b.
Nigrita. 3.
pl.
10. f. 92.
Splendida. 31.
pl.
4. f. 21.
Elegans. 32.
pl.
4. f. 25.
Aurichalcea. 43.
pl.
9. f. 78.
Orichalca.
Lin. S. N.
iii.
App. p.
224.
Maculata.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 46.
pl.
7. f. 66.
Versicolor. 52.
pl.
4. f. 23.
Veriagata. 55.
pl.
5. f. 31. b. & 30.
Quadripunctata.
Fab. Mant.
No 12.
pl.
10. f. 93.
Capucina. 16.
Ephippium. 31.
Drur. Ins.
3.
pl.
44 f. 3.
Bisida.
Oliv. Col.
(Cet.)No 43.
pl.
2. f. 9.
Crucisera. 44.
pl.
5. f. 29.
Impressa. 45.
pl.
8 f. 71.
Caerulea. 55.
pl.
5. f. 31. a.
Caerulea.
Gmel. Lin.
382.
Fuesl.
Arch. In
pl.
4.
tab.
19. f. 30.
Bimucronata. 384.
P
ll. Ic. Ins. Russ.
1.
tab.
A. f. 13.
HISTER.
Maximus.
Lin. S. Nat.
No
OIiv. CoI.
(
pl.
t.)
pl.
1. f. 2.
Major. L.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
No 2.
pl.
1. f. 4. a. b.
APATE.
Capucinus. 4.
Sch. El. t.
28.
DERMESTES.
Lardarius. L.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
1.
Schaef. Ic. pl.
42. f. 3.
Pellio. 5.
pl.
42. f. 4.
Ruficollis. 15.
Thumb. N. Sp. Ins.
1.
p.
8. f. 7.
Marginatus.
Gmel. Lin.
44.
pl.
7. f. 6.
Piceus. 45.
p.
8.
Viridis. 48.
p.
9.
BRUCHUS
Cacao. No 6.
Theobromae. L. 7.
Analis. 9.
Abdominalis 13.
TRITOMA.
Vittata.
Fab. Mant.
No 4.
HISPA.
Bihamata.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 3.
SILPHA.
Indica. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 3.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
38.
OPATRUM.
Cinereum.
Gmel. Lin.
11.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
4.
tab.
21. A. a.
COCCINELLA.
Dimidiata.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 5.
Cingulata.
Fab. Mant.
No 24.
Sexmaculata.
Spec. Ins.
No 20.
Septempunctata, L. 21.
Schaf. Ic. tab.
9. f. 7.
Centumpunctata.
Gmel. Lin.
118.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
4.
tab.
22. f. 13.
Transversalis.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
24.
Sparsa.
Gmel. Lin.
120. 7.
tab.
42. f. 11.
28-punctata. 48.
Minuta. 54.
Thumb. N. Sp. Ins.
1.
p.
11.
CASSIDA.
8-punctata.
Fab. Mant.
No 18.
Marginata. L.
Sp. Ins.
No 25.
Natursorsch.
No 9.
t.
2.
Dorsata.
Mantiss.
33.
Bicornis. L.
Sp. Ins.
29.
Amaen. Ac.
6.
p.
393. 9.
Spinisex. L. 31.
p.
392. 7.
Trisasciata.
Mant.
46.
Annulata.
Spec. Ins.
39.
Naturf.
9.
t.
2. f. 6.
Bipunctata. L. 49.
Alatrata.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 18.
Angustata.
Gmel. Lin.
No 31.
ALURXUS.
Femoratus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 2.
Drur. Ins.
2.
tab.
34. f. 5.
CHRYSMELA.
14-punctata. L. 13.
Fervi
e. 22.
Uudulata. L. 41.
Amoen. Ac.
6. p. 393. 14.
Nitidi.
Mant.
No 64.
Cruenta.
Spec. Ins.
82.
Sternicornis.
Gmel. Lin.
147.
Schal. Hall. Nat.
1.
t.
1. f. 1.
Gigas. 153.
Fuest. Arch. Ins.
4.
t.
23. f. 2.
Indica. 155. f. 5.
Malaccensis. 249.
Horn. Shr. Berl. Nat.
8.
t.
1. f. 9.
Fascicornis. (Altica.) 66. f. 1.
CRYPTOCEPHALUS.
Koenigii.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
45.
Martinius.
Gmel. Lin.
No 74.
Schal. Hall. Nat.
1.
p.
278.
Peregrinus. 77.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
4.
t.
23. f. 25.
Multicolor. 246.
Horn. shr. Berl. Nat.
8.
t.
1. f. 6.
Sumatranus. 247. f. 4.
Coffae. 248. f. 7.
Orientalis. 249. f. 3.
Bataviensis. 250. f. 12.
Javanus. 251. f. 2. 5. 8. 11.
CISTELA.
Analis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
8.
CRIOCERIS.
Cincta. 5.
Palliata. 6.
Act. Hall.
1.
p.
279.
Picta.
Mantiss.
12.
Testacea. 20.
4-pustulata. 23.
Impressa. 24.
Abdominalis.
Gmel. Lin.
130.
Ochracea. 180.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
7.
t.
44. f. 9. p. q.
EROTYLUS.
Giganteus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
De Geer, Ins.
5.
tab.
16. f. 8.
Longimanus.
Mant.
No 11.
LAGRIA.
Abdominalis.
Fab. Mant.
No 14.
Inda.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 121.
Mus. Lud. UIr.
41.
CURCULIO.
Palmarum. L.
Sp, Ins.
No 1.
Oliv. Col.
(Curc.)
pl.
2. f. 16.
Indus. L. 5.
Be Geer, Ins.
5.
pl.
15. f. 22.
Paganus. 6.
Hemipterus. L. 8.
pl.
15. f. 25.
Melanocardius. L. 10.
Sulz. Ins.
4.
tab.
4. f. 11.
Barbirostris. 65.
Seb. Mus.
4.
tab.
95. f. 5.
Frigidus.
Fab. Mant. App. p.
381.
Mucoreus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 74.
Muf. Lud. Ulr.
53.
Pusio. L. 75. 46.
Stigma. L. 79. 48.
Hebes. 80.
Annulatus. L. 81. 51.
Reticulatus. 85.
Stultus.
Mant.
No 117.
Anchoraco. L
Spec. Ins.
118.
De Geer, Ins.
5.
tab.
15. f. 4.
Argyreus. L.
Spec. Ins.
128.
Mus. Lad. Ulr.
54.
Curvipes.
Mant.
183.
Lacerta.
Spec. Ins.
161.
Frigidus.
Mant. App. p.
381.
Emeritus. L.
Spec. Ins.
190. 56.
Cinnamomi.
Gmel. Lin.
275.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
5.
t.
24. f. 20. h. i.
Globosus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 193.
Drur. Ins.
1.
pl.
32. f. 4.
Apterus. L. 206.
De Geer. Ins.
5.
tab.
16. f. 1.
Viridanus. 219.
ATTELABUS.
Indicus.
Mant.
No 5.
Thunb. N. Spec. Ins.
3.
pl.
68. f. 81.
Cyancus. 15.
CLERUS.
Apiarius. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 9.
Schrf. Ic. pl.
48. f. 11.
Cyaneus.
Mant.
No 15.
PRINUS.
Trochlearis.
Lin. S. Nat. p.
622.
Armillatus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 21.
Oliv. Col.
(Prion.)
pl.
5. f. 17.
Rostratus.
Mant.
No 3.
Spinosus. 26.
CERAMBYX.
Gigas.
Fab. Mant.
No 20.
Fasciatus.
Spec. Ins.
No 23.
Barbicornis. L. 24.
Mus. L. Ulr.
68.
Rugicollis.
Mantiss.
40.
Holosericeus 45.
Longicollis 46.
Sentis.
Lin. S. Rat. p.
626. 23.
Ferrugineus. 25.
Platypus.
Gmel. Lin.
No 132.
De Geer, Ins.
7.
l.
49. f. 3.
LAMIA.
Vaginator.
Fab. Mant.
No 8.
Grisator. 12.
Nigricornis.
Spec. Ins.
10.
Ariolaror. 14.
Reticulator. 16.
Rotator. 32.
Lusia.
Fab. Mant.
No 35.
Molitor.
Spec. Ins.
42.
Rubus. L. 44.
De Geer, Ins.
5.
t.
13. f. 16.
Scabrator. 46.
Sentis.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 23.
Ferruginous. 25.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
70.
Depressus. 26.
Schr. Ins.
8. f. 10.
STINOCORUS.
Cyaneus.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
No 2.
Forst. Cent. Ins.
40. (palliatus.)
Rusticus. 19.
SAPERDA.
Vittata. 11.
CALLIDUM.
Barbatum. 12.
Compressum.
Mant.
21.
Glaucum.
Spec. Ins.
41.
Annulare.
Mant.
59.
Venustum.
Gmel. Lin.
298.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
5.
t.
26. f. 12.
Indicum. 299. f. 16.
LEPTURA.
Linearis.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 25.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
77.
LAMPYRIS.
Cincta.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
6.
Depressa 18.
Compressa.
Gmel. Lin.
No
Thunb. N. Sp. Ins.
4.
p.
80.
PYROCHROA.
Nigripes.
Mantiss.
5.
LYMEXYLON.
Testaceum.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
No 1.
CUCUJUS.
Rusus.
Gmel. Lin.
No 10.
Swed. Act. Stock.
8. No 3. 21.
CANTHARIS.
Melanocephala.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
13.
Tropica.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 19.
Gron. Zooph.
515.
t.
14. f. 7.
ELATER.
Flabellicornis. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
Dr. Ins.
3.
pl.
47. f. 1.?
Speciosus. L. 2.
Luridus. 3.
Fuscipes. 9.
Melanocephalus. 38.
Notatus. 45.
Pallipes.
Fab. Ins. Mant.
46.
BUPRESTIS.
Gigantea. L. 3.
Petiv. Gaz. t.
147. f. 16. 17.
Vittata. 4.
Ignita, L. 12.
t.
20. f. 8.
Aenea. 15.
Sternicornis. L. 17.
Grew, Mus. t.
13.
Chrysis. L. 18.
De Geer, Ins.
4.
t.
17. f. 25.
Fulminans.
Mantiss.
29.
Impressa.
Spec. Ins.
27.
Scabra. 30.
Plebeia. 41.
Impressa.
Mant.
61.
Bimaculata.
Spec. Ins.
45.
Sulz. Ins.
57.
t.
6. f. 15.
4-maculata. 46.
Tristis. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 47.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
93.
Nobilis. L. 49.
Stricta.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 4. 87.
CICINDELA.
Longicollis.
Fab. Mamiss.
No 1.
Grossa.
Spec. Ins.
No 1.
Cyanea.
Mant.
2.
Bicolor.
Spec. Ins.
No 2.
Sexpunctata. 14.
4-lineata. 15.
Biramosa.
Mantiss.
20.
Thunb. N. Sp Ins.
1.
pl.
26. f. 40.
Catena.
Spec. Ins.
18.
HYDROPHILUS.
Olivaceus. 2.
DYTICUS.
Limbatus.
Sp. Ins.
5.
Rusicollis.
Mant.
No 6.
Fasciatus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
7.
Vittatus.
Spec. Ins.
10.
Griseus. 12.
Aciculatus.
Gmel. Lin.
64.
Fuest. Arch. Ins.
5.
p.
123. No 4.
Zeylanicus. 83.
Gron. Mus.
2.
p.
164. No 552.
GYRINUS.
Spinosus. 4.
CARABUS.
6-guttatus. 6.
Reflexus. 20.
Angulatus.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
21.
Levigatus. 28.
Attelaboides. 30.
Trilineatus. 31.
Bimaculatus. L.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
45.
Sulz. H. Ins. t.
7. 4. 5.
Cinctus. 62.
Flexuosus. 66.
Indicus.
Gmel. Lin.
153. F
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
6.
t.
29. f. 11.
Splendid us. 154.
p.
138. No 41.
Marginellus. 155.
p.
138. No 42.
PIMELIA.
Striata. 1.
Gibba.
Mantiss.
3.
Fasciata.
Spec.
18.
SCARITES.
Bucephalus.
Gmel. Lin.
No 20.
t.
29. f. 16. 1.
BLAPS.
Striata.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 5.
Crenata. 6.
TENEBRIO.
Laminatus.
Mantiss.
1.
Punctulatus. 2.
Abbreviatus.
Spec. Ins.
6.
HELPOS.
Maura. 5.
Dentipes. 12.
MYLABRIS.
Fasciata. 1.
Algirica. L. 3.
Indica.
Gmel. Lin.
16. 6.
t.
30. f. 6.
Undulata. 18. 8.
t.
48. f. 3.
Bifasciata. 21.
t.
48. f. 2.
LYTTA
Syriaca. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
3.
Fuest. Arch. Ins.
6.
t.
30. f. 1.
Ruficollis.
Gmel. Lin.
13. 8.
t.
48. f. 4.
STAPHYLINUS.
Aureus.
Mantiss.
1.
ORDO II. ULONATA.
BLATTA.
Gigantea. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
Drur. Ins.
2.
t.
36. f. 2.
Indica. 8.
Petiveriana. 13.
Peliv. Gaz. t.
71 f. 1.
Orientalis. L. 14.
Schaef. Ins. t.
88. f. 2. 3.
Ruficollis.
Mantiss.
22.
Aterrima.
Gmel. Lin.
32.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
8.
t.
49. f. 9.
MANTIS.
Gigas. L.
Fab. Spec. Ins.
1.
Petiv. Gaz. t.
60. f. 2.
Necydaloides. L. 2.
Roes.
2.
Gryl. t.
19.
Atrophica. 3.
Pall. Spic. sasc.
9.
t.
5. f. 1.
Bispinosa. 4.
Linearis.
Mont.
9.
Gongyloides. L.
Sp. Ins.
8.
Drur. Ins.
1.
t.
36. f. 2.
Pauperata. 9.
Strumaria. L. 11.
Roes. Ins.
2.
Gryll. t.
2.
Tricolor. L. 12.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
117.
Cancellata. 13.
Siccisolia. L. 14.
Roes. Ins.
2.
Gryll. t.
17.
Pectinicornis. L. 15.
Drur. Ins.
1.
t.
50. f. 1.
Urbana. 26.
Pulchra.
Mantiss.
34.
ACHETA.
Gryllotalpa.
Spec. Ins.
1.
Roes. Ins.
2.
Gryll. t.
14. 15.
Monstrosa.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 2.
Drur. lns.
2.
t.
42. f. 1.
Orientalis. 7.
LOCUSTA.
Citrisolia. L. 1.
Roes. Ins.
2.
Gryll. t.
16. f. 1.
Elongata. L. 10.
t.
18. f. 7.
Femorata.
Fab. Mant.
12.
Ocellata. L.
Sp. Ins.
12.
Seb. Mus.
4.
t.
73. f. 7. 8.
Triops. L. 16.
Coronata. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
16. 17.
De Geer. Ins.
3.
t.
38. f. 5.
Melanoptera. L. 18.
Coriacea. L. 19.
Mus. Ad. Fr.
136.
Spinulosa. L. 28.
Edw. Av.
2.
t.
285. f. 3. 4. 5.
Indica.
Gmel. Lin.
No 116.
Fuesl. Arch. Ins.
8.
t.
53. f. 2.
Unicolor.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 3.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
119.
Carinata. 6. 122.
Lamellosa. 21.
Roes. Gryll. t.
18. f. 7?
Rugosa. 25.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
132.
Aquilina. 27. 133.
Fastigiata. 29. 135.
GRYLLUS.
Succinctus. I
Fab. Sp.
2.
Amen. Ac.
6.
p.
398. 36.
Rericulatus. 7.
Serripes.
Mantiss.
8.
Turcicus. 10.
Punctatus.
Sp. Ins.
14.
Drur. Ins.
2.
t.
41. f. 4.
Haematopus. L. 16.
De Geer. Ins.
5
t.
40. f. 10.
Perspicillacus. L. 50.
Amaen. Ac.
6.
p.
398. 34.
ORDO III. SYNISTATA.
MONOCULUS.
Polyphemus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
Rumph. Mus.
21.
t.
12.
ONISCUS.
Linearis. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 8.
Pall. Spic. fasc.
9.
t.
4. f. 11.
SEMBLIS.
Fuscata. 4.
TERMES.
Fatale. L 1.
De Geer, Ins.
7.
t.
37. f. 1.2.
MYRMELEON.
Pardalis. 2.
Punctatum.
Mant.
7.
ICHNEUMON.
Pedator.
Spec. Ins.
52.
Polycerator. 63.
Punctatus. 104.
SPHEX.
Fervens. L. 12.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
406.
Erythrocephala. 14.
Argentata.
Mantiss.
6.
Maderaspatana.
Spec. Ins.
16.
Compressa, 19.
Ciliata.
Mantiss.
24.
Vespiformis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 23.
Analis. 27.
Affimilis.
Mantiss.
33.
Tropica. L.
Spec. Ins.
37. 408.
Maura.
Mantiss.
38.
Auraca. 45.
Nigrita.
Spec. Ins.
45.
Villosa. 47.
Flava. 48.
Flavicornis. 50.
Indostana.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 7. 407.
Indica. 26. 408.
TIPHIA.
Collaris.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 8.
Dorsata.
Mantiss.
11.
Ruficornis. 12.
SCOLIA.
4-pustulata.
Sp. Ins.
13.
CHRYSIS.
Splendida. I.
Oculata. 4.
BEMBEX.
Repanda. Mantiss. 6.
Interrupta. 8.
VESPA.
Cincta.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
Sulz. Ins. t.
27. f. 5.
Cornuta. L.
Sp. Ins.
7.
Drur. Ins.
2.
t.
48. f. 3.
Calida. L, 23.
4-punclata
Mantiss.
55.
Hebraea. 58.
Flavescens.
Sp. Ins.
50.
Petiolata. 56.
Esuriens.
Mantiss.
75.
CRABRO.
Cornutus.
Fab. Mant.
No 3.
Repandus. 5.
Interruptus. 10.
ANDRENA.
Cincta.
Sp. Ins.
8.
Zonata. L. 11.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
415.
APIS.
Plumipes. 35.
Bicolor.
Sp. Ins.
55.
Villosa. 56.
Florea.
Mantiss.
87.
Smaragdula. 91.
Cordata?
Lin. S. Nat.
15.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
414.
NOMADA.
Histrio.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
1.
FORMICA.
Smaragdina. No 2.
Compressa.
Montiss.
2.
Cinerascens. 12.
Elongata. 13.
Elevata.
Sp. Ins.
16.
Bihamata, 29.
Dr. Ins.
2.
t.
38. f. 7. 8.
Maxillosa. 37.
MUTILLA.
Indica.
Lin.S. Nat.
3.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
419.
ORDO IV. AGONATA.
CANCER.
Raninus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
1.
Rumph. Mus. t.
7. f. T. V.
Ceratopthalmus.
Mant.
6.
Herbst. Cancr.
174.
t.
1. f. 8. 9.
Globus.
Sp. Ins.
6.
Craniolaris. L. 7.
Rumpb. Mus. t.
10. f. A. B.
Porcellanus.
Mantiss.
11.
Herbst. Cancr.
92. 12.
t.
2. f. 18.
Corallinus. 23.
Rumpb. Mus. t.
8. f. 5.
Floridus. L.
Sp. Ins.
16.
Herbst. Cancr. t.
3. f. 39.
Vocans. L. 17.
Petiv. Gaz. t.
78. f. 5.
Maculatus. L. 21.
Rumph. Mus. t.
10. f. 1.
Maenas. L. 25.
t.
6. f. 0.
Dormia. L. 27.
t.
11. f. 1.
6-dentatus.
Fab. Mantiss.
No 43.
Rumph. Amb. t.
1. f. 5.
Feriatus L.
Sp. Ins.
2 28.
Mus. t.
6. f. P.
Pagurus. L. 29.
t.
11. f. 4.
Aeneus. L. 32.
Seb. Mus.
3.
t.
19. f. 17.
Eornicatus.
Sp. Ins. App. p.
502.
Ochtades.
Mantiss.
55.
Herbsi. Canc. t.
8. f. 54.
Ovis. 66. f. 74.
Cylindrus.
Sp. Ins.
35.
Chabrus. L. 36.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
438.
Muricatus.
Mantiss.
67.
Herbst. Cancr.
f. 75.
Erinaceus. 71.
Superciliosus. L. 72.
Seb. Mus.
3.
t.
18. f. 11.
Punctatus. L.
Sp. Ins.
44.
Rumph. Amboin. t.
10. f. 6.
7-spinosus.
Mant.
75.
Horridus. L.
Sp. Ins.
51.
Rumpb. Mus. t.
9. f 1.
Longimanus L. 55.
t.
8. f. 2.
Longipes. L. 56.
t.
8. f. 4.
Spinifer. L. 57.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
447.1
PAGURUS.
Latro. L. 1.
Rumph. Mus. t.
7. f. 4.
Diogenes. L. 3.
t.
5. f. K. L.
Hungarus.
Mantiss.
4.
Herbs, Cancr. t.
122.
Miles. 6. f. 114.
Clypeatus. 7.
HIPPA.
Adactyla?
Fab. Mantiss.
No 1.
Dorsipes. L. 3.
Rumph. Mus.
Variolosa. 5.
SCYLLARUS.
Arctus. L.
Sp. Ins.
1.
t.
2. f. 6. D.
ASTACUS.
Homarus. L. 3.
t.
1. f. A.
Emeritus. L.
Sp. Ins.
16.
Gron. Zooph.
1000.
t.
17. f. 8. 9.
SQUILLA.
Mantis. L. 1.
Rumph. Mus. t.
3. f. 2.
Scyllarus. L. 2.
Seb. Mus.
3.
t.
20. f. 6.
Ciliata.
Mantiss.
3.
Chiragra?
Sp. Ins.
3.
Rumph. Mus. t.
3. f. F.
ORDO V. UNOGATA.
LIBELLULA.
Indica.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
8.
Drur. Ins.
2.
t.
46. f. 1.
Fasciata. L. 17.
Edw. Av. t.
174.
Americana. L. 23.
Histrio.
Mantiss.
24.
Variegata.
Lin. S. Nat.
18.
Amaen. Ac.
6.
p.
412. No 86.
AGRION.
Ciliata.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
3.
Linearis. 5.
Drur. Ins.
2.
t.
48. f. 1.
JULUS.
Stigma. 8.
Carnisex. 9.
Scbroet. Ahh.
1.
t.
3. f. 7.
Indus. L. 10.
Petiv. Gaz. t.
74. f. 3.
Fuscus. L. 11.
Seb. Mus.
2.
t.
24. f. 4. 5.
SCOLOPENDRA.
Morsitans. L. 5.
Petiv. Gaz. t.
13. f. 3.
Dorsalis. 7.
Clypeata. 8.
Phosphorea. L. 11.
ARANEA.
Argentata.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
18.
Lusca. 51.
PHALANGIUM.
Caudatum. L.
7. Seb. Mus.
1.
t.
70. f. 7. 8.
SCORPIO.
Aser. L. 3.
Roes. Ins.
3.
t.
65.
ORDO VI. GLOSSATA.
PAPILIO.
* EQUITES TROES.
Paris. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
2. No 1.
Drur. Ins.
1.
t.
12. f. 1.
Theseus. 3.
Cram. Ins.
15.
t.
180. B.
Polytes. L. 4. 8.
t.
90. B.
Hector. L. 5. 12.
t.
141. A.
Romulus.
t.
43. A.
Helenus. L 7. 13.
t.
153. A. B.
Antenor. 8.
Drur. Ins.
2.
t.
3. f. 1.
Troilus. L. 9. 1.
t.
11. f. 2. 3. 5?
Palinurus.
Fab. Mantiss.
No 10.
Deiphobus. L.
Sp. Ins.
2. No 10.
Cram. Ins.
16.
t.
181. A. B.
Pelaus. 12. 15.
t.
177. A. B.C.
Pammon. L. 16. 12.
t.
141. B.
Achates. 19. 16.
t.
182. A. B.
Polydorus. L. 20. 11.
t.
128. A. B.
Memnon. L. Var. 23.
t.
222. A. B.
Priamus. L. 21. 2.
t.
23. A. B.
Remus. 22. 1.
t.
10. A. B.& 11. A. B.
Agenor. L. 25. 3.
t.
32. A. B.
Amphrisius.
Mantiss.
23. 19.
t.
219. A.
Alcandor.
t.
40. A. B. D. E.
Sarpedon. L.
Spec. Ins.
28. 11.
t.
122. D. E.
Amphimedon. 31. 17.
t.
194. A.
Aeneas. L. 32. 3.
t.
29.C.—F.
Lysander. 33. 2.
t.
24. E.?
Polymnestor. 35. 5.
t.
53. A. B.
Panthous. L. 36. 11.
t.
123. 124.
Remus.
Mantiss.
24. 12.
t.
135. A. 136. A.
Pandarus. L.
Spec.
37.
Mus. Lad. Ulr.
198.
Astenous. 38.
Cram. Ins.
17.
t.
195. A.
** EQUITES ACHIVI.
Ripheus.
Fab. Mantiss.
No 43.
Cram. Ins. t.
385. A. B.
Pyrrhus. L.
Sp. Ins.
2. No 41.
t.
220. A. B.
Tiridares. 43.
t.
161. A. B.
Aeclus.
Mnntiss.
50.
t.
317. A. B.
Fabius.
Sp. Ins.
No 47.
Codes.
Mantiss.
53.
Leilus. L.
Sp. Ins.
48.
t.
85. C. D.
Ulysses. L. 52.
t.
121. A. B.
Patroclus. L. 53.
t.
109. A. B.
Diomedes. L. 54.
t.
122. A.
Varanes. 55.
t.
160. D. E.
Alcibiades.
Mantiss.
65.
Pompilius. 66.
t.
37. A. B.
Sinon.
Sp. Ins.
59.
Drur. Ins. t.
22. f. 3. 4.
Anthcus
Cram. Ins. t.
235. B. C.
Chiron. 60.
t.
200. D. E.
Curius.
Mantiss.
71
Periander. 74.
Codius.
Sp. Ins.
69.
t.
179. A. B.
Mencstheus. 74.
t.
142. A. B.
Xuthus. L. 75.
t.
73. A. B.
Cresphontes.
Sp. Ins.
77.
Cram. Ins. t.
89. A. B.
Orontes. L. 80.
t.
83. A. B.
Aegistus.
t.
241. C. D.
Agamemnon. L. 81.
t.
106. C. D.
Aegistheus. L. No 82.
t.
200. A. B. C.
Empedocles.
Mantiss.
94.
Euryalus.
Sp. Ins.
83.
t.
74. A. B.
Phidippus. L. 85.
t.
69. A. B.
Nisus. 84.
t.
150. A. B.
Aurelius. 86.
t.
168. A. B.
Demoleus. L. 89.
t.
231. A. B.
Medon. L. 89.
t.
205. B.C.
Philoctetes. L. 93.
t.
20. A.B.C.
Nireus. L. 93.
t.
187. A. B.
Amphimachus. 94.
t.
84. A. B.?
Amphitrion. 96.
t.
157. A. B.
Gambrisius.
Fab. Mantiss.
113.
t.
43. F. G.
Drusius.
t.
229. A. 23. A.
Demophon. L.
Sp. Ins.
97.
t.
158. A.—E.
Eiurypylus. L. 106.
t.
122. B. C.
Astenous.
t.
208. A. B.
Sabinus.
Sp. Ins. Ap. p.
502.
t.
289. A.—D.
Jason.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 38.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
210.
*** HELICONII.
Calliope. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
107.
Cram. Ins. t.
246. C.
Melite. L. 108.
t.
153. C. D.
Mopsa. L. 109.
t.
190. D.
Mneme. L. 110.
t.
190. C.
Lybia. 111.
t.
177. C. D.
Violae. I. 112.
t.
298. D. E.
Terpsichore. L. 113.
t.
298. A. B. C.
Serena. 114. ttt, 268. A. B.
Urania. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 117.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
225.
Psidii. L. 124.
Cram. Ins.
t. 257. P.
Aspasia.
Mantiss.
145.
Aegle.
Sp. Ins.
125. t. 126. C. D.?
Thalia. L. 130. t. 246. A.
Euryta. L. 131. t. 233. A. B.
Aedea. L. 132.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 41. f. 2.
Antiocha. L. 134.
Cram. Ins.
t. 38. E. F.
Erato. L. 146. t. 119. A.
Assarica. t. 363. A. B.
*** PARANASSII.
Quirina. 152.
Piera. L. 153. t. 291 C. D.
Pasithoe. L. 154. t. 258. E. F.
Andromeda. 158.
Idea. L. 160. t. 193. A. B.
*****DANAI CANDIDI.
Brassicae. L. 161. y. 271. E. f.
Napi. L. 163.
Albin. Ins.
t. 52. F. G.
Valeria.
Cram. Ins.
t. 85. A.
Libythea. 172.
Creona 175. t 95. C—F.
Nerissa. t. 44. A.
Demopbile. L. 177.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 28. f. 4.
Crocale.
Cram. Ins.
t. 55. C. D.
Hecabe. L. 178. t. 124. B. C.
Drusilla. t. 110. C.
Paulina. t. 110. E. F.
Xiphia. 180.
Hedyle. t. 186. C. D.
Eucharis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 181.
Cram. Ins.
t. 352. CD.E. f.
Jugurtha. t. 187. E. F.
Alcmeone. 186. t. 141. E.
Oenippe. t. 229. B. C.
Pyramhe. L. 188.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
245.
Catilla. t. 229. E. F.
Leucippe. 189.
Cram. Ins.
t. 36. A.—C.
Thetis. t. 238. F. G.
Callirhoe. 190.
Pl. Enlum.
t. 91. f. 1.2.
Mesentina. t. 270. A. B.
Glaucippe. L. 191.
Cram. Ins.
t. 164. A.—C.
Zelmira. t. 320. C.—F.
Euippe. L. 192. t. 91. D.—G.?
Coronnis. 193. t. 44. B. C.
Hyparete. L. 194.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 38. f. 2. 3.
Evagete.
Cram. Ins.
t. 221. F. G.
Scylla. L. 203. t. 12. C. D.
Coronea. 201. t. 68. B. C.
Cornelia.
Mmitiss.
229.
Agathina. t. 237. D.E.
Judith. 230.
Belisamae. t. 258. A. B. C. D
Amata.
Sp. Ins.
204.
Aenippe. t. 157. C. D.
Cypraea.
Mantiss.
232.
Hitaria. t. 339. E. F.
Danaë.
Sp. Ins.
205.
Sesia.
Mantiss.
234. t. 217. C. D. E.
Rahel. 235.
Ada. t. 363. C. D.
Messalina. 236.
Zeuxippe. t. 362. E. F.
Gnoma.
Sp. Ins.
217. t. 361. C. D.
Drya. 218. t. 120. C. D.
Philea. L. 221. t. 173. E. F.
Dorimenes. t. 387. C. D.
Acasta.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 83.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
250.
Encedonia. 90. 244.
Arsalte. 91.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 23. f. 2.
Damone. 93.
†DANIA FESTIVI.
Midamus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
227.
Cram. Ins.
t. 266. A. B.
Claudius.
Mantiss.
261. t. 266. C.
Climene. t. 389. E. F.
Liberius.
Sp. Ins.
229. t. 210. G. H.
Syphax. 234. t. 233. C. D.
Eyialeus.
Mantiss,
267. t. 189. D. E.
Eualthe.
Sp. Ins.
235. t. 17. E. F.
Caenrus. L. 239.
Mus. Lud Ulr.
271.
Genutia.
Cram. Ins.
t. 206. C. D.
Pinthaeus. L. 242. t. 258.
Chrysippus. L. 245. t. 118. B. C.
Hegesippus. 248. t. 180. A.
Nicaeus. 255. t. 12. G. H.
Gripus. 255. t. 183. C. D.
Xanthus. L. 257. t. 183. A. B.
Arccsilaus.
Mantiss.
305.
Eribotes.
Sp. Ins.
267.
Morvus. 270. t. 48. A. B.
Cocytus.
Mantiss.
316.
Obrinus. L.
Sp. Ins.
275. t. 338. C. D.
Ancaeus. L. 276. t. 49. E. F.
Jairus. 281. t. 6. A. B.
Philocles. L. 285. t. 184. D. E. F.
Aeropus. L. 287. t. 111. F. G.
Mineus. 294. t. 84. C. D.
Baldus. 306.
Zetes.
Lin. S. Nat.
No no.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 43. f. 1.
Encdadus. 112.
Mus Lud. Ulr.
354.
Eribote.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 115.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
233.
Perius. 116. 261.
Philomelus. 123.
Amaen. Ac.
6. p. 404. 60.
*NYMPHALES GEMMATI.
Polynice.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 310.
Cram. Ins.
t. 195. D. E.
Almana. L. 311. t. 58. F. G.
Asterie. L. 312. t. 58. D. E.
Oenone. L. 313. t. 35. A. C.
Erigone. t. 62. E. F.
Lemonias. L. 314. t. 35. D. F.
Villida.
Mantiss.
366.
Glycene. 379.
Orithya. L.
Sp. Ins.
315 t. 32. E. F.
Remulia. t. 232. F. G.
Feronia. L. 318. t. 192. E. F.
Lampetia. L.
Mantiss.
378. t. 148. D. D.t. 349. A.B.
Roxelana.
Sp. Ins.
320. t. 141. C. D.
Minerva. 327. t. 116. E. F.
Laomedia. L. 333. t. 8. F. G.
Cardui. 364. t. 26. E. F.
Atlita.
Mant.
388.
Libye. L.
Sp. Ins.
334.
Sultz. Ins.
t. 17. f. 7.
Justina.
Cram. Ins.
t. 326. C.
Hedonia. L. 335. t. 69. C. D.
Arsince. L. 345. t. 160. B. C.
Panthera.
Mantiss
407.
Pipleis. L.
Sp. Ins.
368. t. 60. A. B.
Claudia. 369.
Naturforch.
9. t. 2.
Bankia. 371.
Cram. Ins.
t. 26. A. B. & 291. I.
Leda. 376. t. 196. C. D.
Rohria.
Mantiss.
446.
Arcensia.
Cram. Ins.
t. 292. D. E
Constantia. t. 133. A. B.
Polydecta.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 373. t. 144. E. F.
Iphira. 379. t. 209. C. D.
Tolumnia. 374. t. 130. F. G.
Erminia. t. 176. A. B.
Morna. 375.
Polibete. t. 234. D. E. & 235. C. D.
Juliana.
Fab. Sp. Ins. App. p.
503. t. 280. A. B.
Egista. t. 281. CD.
Helie.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 152.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 34. f. 3.
Arete.
Cram. Ins.
t. 313. E. F.
**NYMPHALES PHALERATI.
Ida.
Cram. Ins.
t. 42. C. D. & 374. C. D.
Cydippe. L,
Fab. Sp. Ins.
388. t. 62. A. B.
Penthesilia. 390. t. 145. B.C.
Melita. t. 28. D. F.
Cyane. 392.
Drur. Ins.
1. t. 4. f. 1.
Vitellia.
Mantiss.
474.
Cram. Ins.
t. 349. E. F.
Antilope. t. 183. E. F.
Protogenia.
Sp. Ins.
395. t. 189. F. G.
Atalanta. 397. t. 84. E. F. Var.
Charonia. 398. t. 47. A.B. C.
Polychloros. L. 404. t. 330. C. D. Var.
Juvcnta. t. 188. B.
Dirce. L. 407. t. 212. C. D.
Hippoclus. t. 222. C. D.
C. Aureum. L. 410. t. 19. E. F.
Ariadne. L. 412. t. 144. G. H.
Proserpina. t. 218. C. D.
Bolinae. L. 414. t. 65. E. F.
Lisionasse.
Cram. Ins.
t. 205. A. B.
Clytia. L.
Sp. Ins.
415.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
296.
Thyonneus.
Cram. Ins.
t. 222. E. F.
Archesia.
Sp. App. p.
504. t. 219. D. E.
Amathea. L.
Spec. Ins.
No 416. t. 209. A. B.
Undularis.
Sp. App. p.
504. t. 256. A. B.
Monina.
Mantiss.
No 502.
Lamis. t. 238. E.
Allica. No 510. t. 280. E. F.
Leucothoe L.
Sp. Ins.
421 t. 203. E. F.?
Melicerta. 423. t. 211. E. F.
Heliodore.
Mantiss.
516.
Ilithuia.
Sp. Ins.
426. t. 213. A. B.
Pelea.
Mantiss.
523.
Erymanthis. t. 238. F.G.
Venilia. L.
Sp. Ins.
431. t. 219. B. C.
Alimena. L. 432. t. 221. A. B. C.
Phoerusa. L. 433. t. 130. B. C.
Manilia. t. 259. A. B.
Hippona. 434. t. 90. C. D.
Adonia. t. 259. C. D.
Agatha.
Mantiss.
530.
Neaerea. L.
Sp. Ins.
441. t. 75. C. D.
Aceste. L. 442. t. 121. E. F.
Porphyria. t. 259. E. F.
Eurinome. 443. t. 70. A.
Neste. t. 256. E. F.
Dissimilis. L. 444. t. 82. C. D.
Assimilis. L. 445. 154. A.
Similis. L. 446. t. 30. D.
Lotis. t. 230. D. E.
Lais. 448. t. 110. A. B.
Valentina. t. 327. C. D.
Egialea. 449. t. 92. D.
Alcippe. t. 389. G. H.
Panope. 450. t. 65. C. D.
Villida.
Cram. Ins.
t. 349. C. D.
Hippia.
Mantiss.
545.
Martha. 555.
Elea.
Sp. Ins.
460. t. 242. D. E.
Cytherea. L. 474.
Clerck. Ins.
t. 39. f. 3.
Phalantha.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 485.
Drur. Ins.
1. t. 21. f. 1. 2.
Tipha.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 164.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 32. f. 3.
Canace. 173.
Drur. Ins.
1. t. 15. f. 1. 2.
Idmone. 182.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
310.
Elea. 183.
Drur. Ins.
2. t. 17. f. 5. 6.
Janassa. 185.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
294.
Nauplia. 1. 97.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 46. f. 1. 2.
Hypermnestra. 198.
Amaen. Ac.
6. p. 407. 69.
Nesaea. 199.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
302.
†PLEBEII RURALES.
Amor.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
491.
Vulcanus.
Cram. Ins.
t. 208. E. F.
Lisias.
Mantiss.
615.
Etolus. 620.
Ganymedes.
Sp. Ins.
500. t. 40. C. D.
Sphinx. 511. t. 46. F. G.
Hyacinthus. 516. t. 36. C. D.
Iarbus.
Mantiss.
648.
Baeticus. L.
Sp. Ins.
529.
Ernst. Pap. d' Eur.
t. 37. f. 76.
Strephon. 531.
Atymnus.
Mantiss.
662.
Cram. Ins.
t. 331. D. E.
Aeolus.
Sp. Ins.
535.
Pl. Enlum.
t. 18. f. 6. 7.
Simaethis. 537.
Drur. Ins.
1. t. 1. f. 3.
Ixion. 540.
Nedymond.
Cram. Ins.
t. 299. E. F.
Rosimon. 541.
Laius. t. 319. D. E.
Amyntor. 543. t. 159. D. E.
Triopas.
Cram. Ins.
t. 310. G. H.
Eumolphus. t. 299. G. H.
Hylax.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
559.
Midas. 564.
Melampus. t. 362. G. H.
Aesopus. 565.
Drur. Ins.
2. t. 9. f. 3. 4.
Phairus. 566.
Cram. Ins.
t. 238. C.
Aratus. t. 365. A. B.
Cephus. 576.
Petavius. t. 365. C. D.
Haraldus.
Mantiss.
744.
Ubaldus. t. 390. L. M.
Neleus. L.
Sp. Ins.
581.
Crerck. Ic.
t. 45. f. 2.
Bochus.
Cram. Ins.
t. 391. C. D.
Priassus. L. 591.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
319.
Polybe.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 218.
Amaen. Ac.
6. p. 404. 58.
Timantes. 241.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
322.
Peleus. 249.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 45. f. 5.
‡PLEBEII URBICOLE.
Exclamationis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 595.
Augias. L. 597.
Amen. Ac.
6. p. 410. 80.
Colon. 598.
Alcithoe.
Cram. Ins.
t. 80. C. D.
Alexis. 619.
Thrax. L. 620. 6. t. 68. E.
Dan.
Mantiss.
798.
Chromus. t. 284. E.
Ladon. t. 284. G.
Gnetus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 624.
Pl. Enl.
t. 18. f. 8. 9.
Polydetus. L. 627.
Cram. Ins.
t. 159. F. G.
Coridon. t. 340. C. D. E.
Phidias. L. 632. t. 41. C. D.
Japetus. t. 365. E. F.
Maimon.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 635.
Cram. Ins.
t. 22. C.?
Forestan. t. 391. E. F.
Menalcas. 639.
Celaemis. t. 393. A. B.
Spio. L. 645.
Mus Lud. Ulr.
330.
Menes. t. 393. H. I.
Pygmicus. 646.
Butes.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 261.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 46. f. 6.
Phaleros. 272.
Cereus. 273.
SPHINX.
Asiliformis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 6.
Nerii. 11.
Cram. Ins.
t. 224. D.
Hypothoiis. t. 285. D.
Dentata. 16. t. 125. G.
Ancaeus. t. 355. A.
Alope.
Mautiss.
19. t. 301. G.
Ophekes. t. 285. B.
Ello. L.
Sp. Ins.
17.
Drur. Ins.
1. t. 27. f. 3.
Acteus.
Cram. Ins.
t. 248. A.
Atropos. L. 23. t. 78. A. & 237. A.
Phorbas. 25. t. 55. B.
Chiron. t. 137. E.
Pagana. 29.
Oldenlandiae. 37.
Phalaris. t. 149. A.
Lycetus. 38. t. 61. D.
Panopus. t. 222. A. B.
Boerhaaviae. 39.
Sultz. Ins.
t. 20. f. 3.
Eson.
Cram. Ins.
t. 226. C.
Minus.
Mantiss.
44.
Drancus. t. 132. F.
Porcellus. L.
Sp. Insl.
44.
Ernst. Pap.
t. 112. No 161.
Convolvuli. L. 46.
Cram. Ins.
t. 225. D.
Celerio. L.
Sp. Ins.
50.
Cram. Ins.
t. 125. E.
Nessus. t. 226. D.
Crantor
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 51. t. 104. A.
Alecto. L. 52. t. 137. D.
Gnoma. 53. t. 152. A.
Menephron. t. 285. A.
Hespera. 54.
Faro. t. 285. C.
Bums.
Mantiss.
62.
Vampyrus. 66.
Ocypete?
Lin. S. Nat.
No 4.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
344.
Megara. 21.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 47. f. 2.
Tisiphone. 23.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
359.
Brennus.
Cram. Ins.
t. 398. B.
SESIA.
Ixion. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 2. t. 68. F.
Odomaculata. 8.
Hippotes. t. 286. A.
Haemorrhoidalis. 13. t. 52. C. D.?
Fenestrata. 15. t. 251. D.
ZYGAENA.
Grus. t. 368. A.
Diptera. 44.
Aurata. t. 264. A.
Creusa.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 39.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 46. f. 3.?
Cysseus.
Cram. Ins.
t. 355. B.
Atereus. t. 400. A.
Bombyliformis. t. 400. C.
BOMBYX.
Paphia. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 4. t. 147. A. B.
Laocoon. t. 117. A. B. C.
Mylitta. 7. t. 146. A.
Fabia. t. 250. B.
Luna. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
15.
Cram. Ins.
t. 31. A. B.
Fenestra. L. 18.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 55. f. 1.
Polybia.
Cram. Ins.
t. 369. A.
Penelope. 19. t. 45. A.
Jana. t. 396. A.
Perspicua. L. 21.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
373.
Conspicillator.
Cram. Ins.
t. 97. A. B.
Militaris. L. 22. t. 29. B.
Numana. t. 227. A. 228. A.
Eugenia. t. 398. M.
Promula. 34. t. 72. D.
Aconyta. t. 131. A.
Quadricinta.
Maniss.
44.
Barbara. t. 368. B.
Lusca. 49.
Niceta. t. 368. C.
Hibisci.
Sp. Ins.
45.
Glauca. t. 368. D.
Imperialis. 62.
Drur. Ins.
1. t. 9. f. 1.
Lunata.
Cram. Ins.
t. 369. C.
Crassicornis. 63.
Silvandra. t. 369. D.
Pasinuntia. t. 367. H.
Nuda.
Mantiss.
105.
Evergista. t. 369. E.
Hyphinoe. t. 154. B.
Flava.
Sp. Ins.
82.
Petosiris. t. 397. D.
Rutila.
Mantiss.
131.
Chrysorrhea.
Spec. Ins.
102.
Roes. Ins.
1. ph. 2. t. 22.
Nitidula.
Mantiss.
153.
Cyane.
Sp. App. p.
506.
Cram. Ins.
t. 267. D.
Crotalariae.
Sp. Ins.
126. 1. t. 5. C. D.
Ricini. 127.
Lectrix. 132. t. 192. C.
Sanguinolenta. 128. t. 183. D.
Lepida.
Cram. Ins.
t. 130. E.
Francisca.
Mantiss.
200.
Monycha. t. 131. C.
Jesuita.
Sp. Ins.
145.
Lactinia. t. 133. D.
Gloriosae. 150.
Brorea. t. 312. E.
Crim. 151.
Punctigera.
Lin. S. Nat.
151.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 50. f. 3.
NOCTUA.
Strix. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
3.
Cram. Ins.
t. 145. A.
Ulula. 9. t. 174. E.
Materna. L. 16. t. 174. A. B.
Irynx.
Mantiss.
10.
Mineus. t. 131. D.
Crepuscularis. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
11. t. 159. A.
Irrorata.
Fab. Sp. App. p.
506.
Lyncea. 506.
Sinuata. 507.
Squalida.
Fab. Mant.
No 13.
Vespertilio. 16.
Retorta. t. 116. D.
Illibata.
Sp. Ins.
13.
Obscura. t. 274. B.
Umminia.
Sp. App. p.
506. t. 267. F.
Inara. t. 239. E.
Scrobiculata.
Sp. Ins.
No 14.
Carenea. t. 269. E. F.
Dioscoreae. 15. t. 30. A.—C.
Materna. 16. t. 174. A. B.
Hypermnestra. t. 323. A. B.
Cephise. t. 227. B.
Paphos.
Mantiss.
24.
Chione.
Sp. Ins.
16.
Saga.
Mantiss.
29.
Bajularia.
Sp. Ins.
23.
Cram. Ins.
t. 172. C.
Astrea. 21.
Convoluta. 30. t. 208. D.
Membliaria. t. 269. C. D.
Ficus. 33.
Lusca.
Mantiss.
49.
Manlia. 36. t. 92. A.
Caricae. 34. t. 133. E. 242. A.B.
Leonina. 38.
Fulvia. L. 43.
Clerck. Ic.
t. 55. f. 6.
Avida.
Fab. Mantiss.
68.
Triangulum. 74.
Arcuata. 75.
Vulpina.
Sp. Ins.
50.
Tigrina. 52.
Mezentina.
Cram. Ins.
t. 323. F.
Cyllaria. t. 251. C. D.
Geometrica. 53.
Stolida. 54.
Undata. 60.
Ammonia. t. 250. D.
Vittata. No 61.
Hyppasia. t. 250. E.
Frugalis. 62.
Flava. 63.
Stigmatizans. 64.
Alphea. t. 250. F.
Equestris. 65.
Javana. t. 274. C.
Dorsalis.
Mantiss.
103.
Luminosa. t. 274. D.
Rejecta.
Sp. Ins.
66.
Achatina. t. 273. E. 288. A.
Elata. 67.
Archesia. t. 273. F. G.
Mercatoria. 79.
Cram. Ins.
t. 62. C. D.
Timais. t. 275. B.
Rapta.
Mantiss.
120.
Orosia. t. 275. D.
Partita.
Sp. Ins.
80.
Melanthus. t. 286. B.
Pagana. 90.
Joviana. t. 399. B.
Orichalcea. 92.
Clytia. t. 399. G.
Signata. 96.
Dominica. t. 399. H.
Peponis. 97.
Nitidula.
Mantiss.
153.
Sinuata.
Sp. Ins.
116.
Amphix. t. 134. C.
Histrionica. 117.
Perithea. t. 172. D.
Pelles.
Lin. S. Nat.
No 104.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
388.
Interrupta. 116.
Cram. Ins.
t. 185.
PHALAENA.
Strigaria.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 12. t. 133. C.
Undaria. 20.
Monilaria. 23.
Rondelaria. 24.
Macularia. 27. t. 129. C.
Ocularia. 38.
Perdica. t. 178. F.
Hesperia. t. 251. B.
Flavaria.
Fab. Mant.
No 32.
Margaritaria. t. 367. K.
Tripunctaria. L.
Sp. Ins.
47. t. 22. E.
Caudata. 64. t. 104. D.
Lateraria.
Mantiss.
77.
Lactucina. t. 273. B. C.
Venaria.
Sp. Ins.
52.
Cram. Ins.
t. 29. A.
Zemire. t. 367. 1.
Obliquaria.
Mantiss.
81.
Rosalia. t. 368. F.
Ernestina. t. 369. F.
Sangarida. t. 381. D.
Caudata.
Sp. Ins.
64. t. 104. D.
Fasciata. 65.
Vulpenaria. t. 400. O. P.
Arcuata.
Matitiss.
104.
Pampliilia. t. 368. G.
Liturata. 109.
Coleta. t. 368. H.
Irrorata.
Sp. Ius.
77.
Carinenta. 78. t. 128. F.
Eusebia. t. 369. G. H.
Flaveolata. 91. t. 83. C.
Fimbriata. t. 398, 0.
Janata. L. 121.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
398.
Expectata. 123.
Cribrata. 133.
Cram. Ins.
t. 208. C. G.
Marginata. t. 400. 1.
Aestuata. L. 149.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
397.
Capitata. 148.
Sulphurata. 152.
Flavata. t. 307. C.
Violata.
Mantiss.
238.
Securata. 242.
Canenta. t. 250. C.
Perspectara.
Sp. Ins.
163.
Vitrata.
Mautiss.
255.
Revidata. 258.
Derogata.
Sp. Ins.
166.
Ejectata. 167.
Sagittalis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
179.
Amando.
Cram. Ins.
t. 247. E.
Fuscalis.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
182.
Pueritia.
Cram. Ins.
t. 264. E.
Angustalis.
Mantiss.
309.
Procopia. t. 368. E.
Recurvalis.
Sp. Ins.
192.
Dentalis. 198.
PYRALIS.
Koenigiana. 65.
TINEA.
Cryptella. 25.
ORDO VII. RYNGOTA.
FULGORA.
Diadema. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 3.
Seb. Mus.
4. t. 77. f. 7. 8.
Truncata. L. 11.
Amen. Ac.
6. p. 399. 40.
Hyalinata. 12.
Festiva. 13.
MEMBRACIS.
Spinosa. 5.
Sulz. Ins.
t. 9. f. 6.
Taurus. 10.
TETTIGONIA.
Fornicata.
Gmel. Lin.
11.
Mus Lud. Ulr.
156.
Fasciata.
Fab. Mantiss. f. Stoll. Cicad.
1. t. 4. f. 17.
Spinosa. 6.
Vaginata. 7.
Conspurcata.
Sp. Ins.
13.
Repanda. L. 16.
De Geer, Ins.
3. t. 33. f. 1.
Testacea.
Mantiss.
23.
Stoll. Cicad.
1. t. 8. f. 41. C.
CICADE.
Perspicillata.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
Ocellata. 2.
De Ceer, Ins.
3. t. 33. f. 2.
Cunicularia. L. 11.
Lanara. L. 12.
Drur. Ins.
2. t. 37. f. 11.
Tomentosa. 13.
Barbata. 14.
Hyalina. 31.
Lyncea. 37.
NOTONECTA.
Nivea. 3.
Indica.
Mantiss. p.
534.
NEPA.
Annulata.
Spec. Ins.
2.
Rustica. 3.
Fusca.
Mantiss.
4.
Stoll. Cimic.
2. t. 1. f. 1.
Rubra. L. 6. 2. t. 7. V.
Maculata.
Sp. Ins.
No 6.
Linearis. L. 7.
Schaef. Icon.
t. 5. f. 5. 6.
CIMEX.
Nobilis. L. 2.
Stoll. Cimic.
1 t. 1. f. 1.
Clavipes.
Fab. Mantiss.
5.
Maculatus. 11.
Rusticus. 26.
Lunatcs.
Sp. Ins.
9. 2. t. 13. f. 84.
Valilii. 32.
Histrio.
Gmel. Lin.
12.
Grandis. 171.
Thunb. N. Sp. Ins.
2. No 31. f. 46.
Taurus.
Sp. Ins.
34.
Dentatus. 43.
Spinidens.
Mantiss.
61.
Hamatus. 80.
Scaber.
Gmel. Lin.
30.
Amaen. Ac.
6. p. 400. 43.
Pugnator.
Fab. Mantiss.
84.
Thoracicus.
Gmel. Lin.
262.
Stoll. Cimic.
t. 8. f. 55. A.
Hastatus.
Fab. Mantiss.
88.
Analis.
Gmel. Lin.
263. t. 10. f. 72. B.
Tenebrosus.
Fab. Mentiss.
93.
Sulcatus.
Gmel. Lin.
271. t. 6. f. 47.
Fulvicornis.
Fab. Mantiss.
94.
Pustualatus.
Gmel. Lin.
281.
Geer, Ins.
3. t. 34. f. 2.
Femoratus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
77.
Aurantius.
Mantiss.
116.
Stoll.Cim.
1. t. 6. f. 39.
Punctum. 117. 2. t. 6. f. 40.
Nigripes.
Sp. Ins.
92.
Drur. Ins.
2. t. 36. f. f.
Torquatus. 93.
Guttatus.
Man tiss.
121.
Viridulus. L.
Sp. Ins.
95.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
172.
Peregrinator.
Gmel. Lin.
40. 173.
Beryllus.
Mantiss.
127.
Javanicus.
Gmel. Lin.
332.
Stoll. Cim.
t. 11. f. 2.
6-punftatus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
105.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
175.
Brunneus.
Gmel. Lin.
334.
Rubrofasciatus.
Fab. Mantiss.
140.
Ruficornis.
Sp. Ins.
114.
Gramineus.
Mantiss.
161.
Histrio. 167.
Pictus.
Sp. Ins.
117.
Faber.
Mantiss.
181.
Cruciatus.
Sp. Ins.
122.
Indus. L. 140.
Mus. Lud. Ulr.
176.
Civilis.
Mantiss.
186.
Familiaris. 190.
Varicornis. 194.
Malabaricus.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 147.
Koenigü 156.
Stell, Cimic.
2. t. 1. f. 5.
Mendicus. 158.
Cruentus.
Mantiss.
214.
Augur.
Sp. Ins.
167.
Mactans.
Sp. Ins.
168.
Erythrozonias.
Gmel. Lin.
456. De
Geer, Ins.
3.
t.
35.
f.
12.
Sordidus.
Fab. Mantiss.
231.
Calens. L.
Sp. Ins.
213.
Gronov. Zooph.
712.
Gronovii. L. 214. 711.
Cingulatus.
Mantiss.
287.
Pedestris.
Sp. Ins.
224.
Fossarum. 226.
Filum. 232.
De Geer, Ins.
3.
t.
35.
f.
16.
REDUVIUS.
Gigas. 1.
Marginatus. 7.
Sanctus.
Mantiss.
12.
Pilicornis. 19.
Collaris.
Sp. Ins.
15.
Sexguttatus. 17.
4-guttatus. 18.
Aurantius.
Punctum. 19.
Bipunctatus.
Fab. Mantiss.
No 30.
Fuscipes. 33.
5-spinosus.
Sp. Inf.
27.
ORDO VIII. ANTLIATA.
BIBIO.
Lar. 10.
Sphinx.
Mantiss.
20.
Troglodyta.
Sp. Ins.
20.
SYRPHUS.
Crassus.
Mantiss.
7.
4-lineatus. 24.
MUSCA.
Jejuna. 2.
ASILUS.
Maculatus.
Sp. Ins.
21.
MYOPA.
Cincta. 4.
BOMBYLIUS.
Maculatus. 7.
PEDICULUS.
Humanus. L. 1.
Soboef. Elem. t.
95
Pubis. L. 2.
Red. Exper t.
19.
f.
1.
Vulturis. 4.
ACARUS.
Elephantinus. L.
Fab. Sp. Ins.
No 1.
Scbrank. Beytr. t.
6.
f.
14. 15.
Indus. L 12.
CLASS VI. VERMES.
I. INTESTINA.
N. B. From our ignorance of the productions of
India
in. this Class, we are obliged to omit many Genera.
GORDIUS.
M Edinensis.
Sloone Jam.
ii. 190.
tab.
233.
fig.
1.
SIPUNCULUS.
Saccatus.
Amoen. Acad.
iv. 454.
tab,
3.
II. MOLLUSCA.
DORIS.
Verrucosa.
Seb. Mus.
ii.
tab.
61.
fig.
5.
NEREIS.
Noctiluca.
Amoen. Acad.
iii. 203.
tab.
3.
Gigantea.
Seb. Mus.
i.
tab.
81.
fig.
7.
ACTINIA.
Swalloo. An edible Species collected in the
Molucca Isles.
HOLUTHURIA.
Priapus.
Amoen Acad.
iv. 255.
SEPIA.
Octopodia.
Br. Zool.
iv. No 44.
tab.
28. Of a monstrous size in
India.
MEDUSA.
Porpita.
Amen. Acad.
iv. 255.
tab.
3.
fig.
7.8.
ASTERIAS.
* ENTIRE.
Luna.
Adman. Acad.
iv. 256.
tab.
3.
fig.
14.
** STELLATED.
Reticulata.
Linck. tab.
41.
fig.
72.
tab.
0.3.
fig.
36.
Nodosa.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
5.
fig.
7. 8.
Laevigata.
Grew. Mus. tab.
8.
fig.
1.2.
*** RADIATED.
Ciliaris.
Linck tab.
40.
fig.
70.
tab.
37. & 56,
Pectinata
Linck. teb.
37.
fig.
64. 66.
Multiradiata.
Linck. tab.
21.
fig.
33.
Caput Medusae.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
9. &
tab.
II.
Rumph. Mus.
41.
tab.
16.
ECHINUS.
Esculentus.
Rumpb. Mus.
31.
tab.
13. B.
Globuius.
M.L.U.
706.
Sphaeroides.
Gratilla.
M.L.U.
707.
Lixula.
Ibid.
Diadema.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
14. B.
Lucunter.
Gualt. Test. tab.
107.
fig.
C.
Atratus.
Rumpb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
13.
fig.
2.
Lacunatus.
Ibid. tab.
14.
fig.
2.
Rosaceus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
14.
fig.
2.
Orbiculus.
Gualt. tab.
7.
fig.
B.
III. TESTACEA:
DIV. I. MULTIVALVIA.
CHITON.
Aculeatus.
Rumph. Mus, tab.
10.
fig.
4.
Squammosus.
M.L.V.
465*.
Punctatus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
1.
fig.
13.
LEPAS.
Diadema.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
14.
fig.
H.
Anarifera.
Argenville, tab.
2.6.
fig.
F. G.
Testudinaria.
Rumph, Mus. tab.
40.
fig.
K.
PHOLAS.
Dactylus, BORN. 14. I must: not omit my acknowlegements to the magnificent work on Shells by the
Chevalier Ignatius a Born,
for very considerable additions to this Catalogue. RUMPHIUS, justly styled the PLINY, must have the preference in every authority, as the great collector of most of the articles referred to.
DIV. II. BIVALVIA.
MYA.
Vulsella.
Rumph, Mus. tab.
90.
fig.
H.
SOLEN.
Vagina.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
45.
fig.
M.
Cultellus
Ibid. fig.
F.
Radiatus.
Ibid. fig.
E.
Anatinus.
Ibid. fig.
O.
Bullatus.
Ibid. tab.
44.
fig.
N.
Virens.
TELLINA.
* OVATAE.
Gargadia.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
43.
fig.
N.
Lingua Felis.
tab.
45.
fig.
G.
Virgata.
tab.
45.
fig.
H.
Angulata.
Lift. Conch, tab.
394.
fig.
241.
Gari.
tab.
45.
fig.
D.
Foliacea.
tab.
45.
fig.
K.
Laevigata.
tab.
45.
fig.
I.
Rostrata.
Argenville, tab.
22.
fig.
O.
Truncata.
** SUBORBICULATAE.
Remies.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
43.
fig.
1.
Reticulata.
fig.
E.
Scobinata.
Gualt. tab.
76.
fig.
E.
CARDIUM.
Cardissa.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
42.
fig.
E.
Retusum.
Born.
41.
tab.
III
fig.
1.2.
Hemicardium.
tab.
44.
fig.
H.
Medium.
M.L.U.
485. No 34.
Tuberculatum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
48.
fig.
H.
Fragum.
tab.
44.
fig.
G.
Unedo.
tab.
44.
fig.
F.
Isocardia.
tab.
48.
fig.
9.
Aeolicum.
Bonan.
ii.
fig.
91.
Rusticum
Rumph. Mus. tab.
44.
fig.
K.
MACTRA.
Plicataria.
Sprengleri
Gualt. tab.
85.
fig.
F.
Trunculus
Bonan.
lv.
tab.
4.
fig.
3. 4.
Scortum
Argenville, tab.
21.
fig.
L.
DONAX.
Pubescens.
M. L. U.
493. No 49*.
Trunculus. BORN. lv.
tab.
iv.
fig.
3.4.
Scortum liii.
tab.
iv.
fig.
1.
VENUS.
Gallina.
Bonan.
ii.
tab.
64. 65.
Flexuosa. Rumph.
Mus. tab.
43.
fig.
O.
Chione.
tab.
42.
fig.
9.
Meretrix.
Argenv. tab.
21.
fig.
F.
Laeta
Gualt. tab.
28.
fig.
V.
Castrensis.
Rumph. Mus tab.
42.
fig
K.
Fimbriata.
tab.
43.
fig.
F.
Squammosa.
tab.
44.
fig.
M.
*** IMPUBERES ORBICULATAE.
Tigerina.
tab.
43.
fig.
H.
Prostrata.
M.L.U.
504. No 66*.
Incrustata
List. Conch, tab.
310.
fig.
146.
Tigerina Secunda
Rumph. Mus. tab
43.
fig.
H
Pectinata.
tab.
42.
fig.
D.
Scripta.
tab.
43.
fig.
C.
Edentula.
M. L. U.
508. No 74*.
Punctata.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
43.
fig.
G.
**** IMPUBERES OVALES. SUPRA RIMAAI SUBANGULATE.
Litrerata.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
43.
fig.
B.
Rotundata.
M.L.U.
509. No 76*.
Decussata.
M.L.U.
509. No 77.
Virginea.
SPONDYLUS.
Regius.
Rumph. Mus.
156. No 8.
Plicatus.
tab.
47.
Ostrea Electrica.
Gaderopus.
tab.
47.
fig.
E. 48.
fig.
1. 2.
CHAMA.
Gigas.
tab.
43.
fig.
A. B.
Hippopus.
tab.
42.
fig.
C.
Lazarus. BORN. 83.
tab.
5.
fig.
12. 13. 14.
Arcinella. BORN.
Davila, tab.
27.
fig.
T.
Gryphoides.
Bonan.
ii.
fig.
22.
ARCA.
*MARGINI INTEGERRIMO, NARIBUS RECURVATIS.
Noae.
tab.
44.
fig.
P.
**MARGINE CRENATO.
Anriquata.
tab.
44.
fig.
1.
Decussata.
Bonan.
ii.
fig.
60.
Pallens.
M. L. U.
520. No 95.
Tortuosa.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
47.
fig.
K.
Rhombea.
List, Conch. tab.
244.
fig.
75.
Pectunculus.
tab.
239.
fig.
73.
OSTREA.
*PECTINES AURICULATT, AEQUILATERES.
Striatula.
M. L. U.
523. No 101.
Minuta. 524. No 102.
Pleuronectes.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
45.
fig.
A. B.
Radula.
tab.
44.
fig.
A.
Plica.
tab.
44.
fig.
O.
**PECTINES AURICULA ALTERA INTUS CILIATO-SPINOSA.
Pallium.
tab.
44.
fig.
B. C.
Nodosa.
tab.
48.
fig.
B.
Lima.
tab.
44.
fig.
D.
Cucullata.
Born.
114.
tab.
vi.
fig.
11. 12.
***RUDES, OSTREAE DICTAE.
Malleus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
47.
fig.
H.
Edulis.?
Bonan.
108.
tab.
70.
Perna.
Isogonum.
Gualt. tab.
97.
fig.
A.
Ephippium.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
47.
fig.
B.
ANOMIA.
Placenta.
Lister Conch, tab.
104.
fig.
B.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
90.
fig.
8. 9.
MYTILUS.
**PARASITICI UNGUIBUS AFFIXI.
Crista Galli.
tab.
47.
fig.
B.
Frons.
Argenville, tab.
19.
fig.
D.
**PLANI COMPRESSI.
Margariceferus.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
40.
fig.
F.
***VENTRICOSIUSCULL.
Lithophagus.
tab.
46.
fig.
F.
Bilocularis.
M. L. U.
540. No 133.
Edulis.
List. Ang.
182.
fig.
28.
Pictus.
Born.
107.
tab.
vii.
fig.
6. 7.
Modiolus.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
46.
fig.
B.
PINNA.
Rudis.
tab.
46.
fig.
L.
Pedinata.
Gualt. tab.
79.
fig.
A.
Saccata.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
46.
fig.
N.
Digitiformis.
M. L. U.
546. No 146.
Lobara. 547. No 147.
Incurvata.
Born. Rumpb. Mus. tab.
46.
fig.
M.
Muricata.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
46.
fig.
M.
DIV. III. TURBINATA.
ARGONAUTA.
Argo.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
18.
fig.
NAUTILUS.
Pompilius.
Ruvish. Mus. tab.
17.
fig.
A. C. D.
Spirula.
tab.
20.
fig.
1.
CONUS.
Marmoreus.
tab.
32.
fig.
N. I.
Imperialis.
tab.
34.
fig.
H. I.
Literatus.
tab.
31.
fig.
D.
Generalis.
tab.
33.
fig.
V.
Virgo.
tab.
31.
fig.
I. K.
Capicaneus.
tab.
33.
fig.
K.
Miles.
tab.
33.
fig.
W.
**SPIRA PYRAMIDATA.
Summus Admiralis.
tab.
34.
fig.
B. C. D.
Ebaeus.
tab.
32.
fig.
B. B.
Glaucus.
tab.
33.
fig.
G. G.
Monachus.
tab.
33.
fig.
C. C.
Minimus.
Argenville, tab.
12.
fig.
A.
Betulinus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
31.
fig.
C.
Stercus Muscarum.
tab.
33.
fig.
3. A. A.
Nussatella.
tab.
33.
fig.
E. E.
Textile.
tab.
32.
fig.
O. P.
Aulieus.
tab.
33.
fig.
3.
Striatuj.
tab.
31.
fig.
F.
Magus.
tab.
32.
fig.
2.
Tragulinus.
tab.
31.
fig.
V.
Ermineus.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
42.
fig.
31. 34. 35. 40.
Varius.
Argenville, tab.
12.
fig.
R.
Spectrum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
32.
fig.
1.
Tulipa.
tab.
34.
fig.
K. L.
Geographus.
tab.
31.
fig.
G.
CYPRAEA.
Mappa.
tab.
38.
fig.
B.
Arabica.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
38.
fig.
M.
Carneola.
tab.
38.
fig.
K.
Testudinaria.
tab.
38.
fig.
C.
Talpa.
tab.
38.
fig.
I.
Caput Serpentis.
tab.
38.
fig.
F.
Mauritiana.
tab.
38.
fig.
E.
Vitellus.
tab.
38.
fig.
L.
Tigris.
tab.
38.
fig.
A.
Lynx.
Lister Conch. tab.
683.
fig.
30.
Isabella.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
39.
fig.
G.
Onyx.
tab.
38.
fig.
B.
Hirundo.
Lister Conch. tab.
674.
fig.
20.
Born.
184.
tab.
viii.
fig.
II.
Asellus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
39.
fig.
M.
Cribrana.
Lister Conch. tab.
695.
fig.
42.
Moneta.
Rumpb. Mus. tab.
39.
fig.
C.
Annulus.
tab.
39.
fig.
D.
Caurica.
tab.
38.
fig.
P.
Dracaena.
tab.
39.
fig.
E.
Erosa.
tab.
39.
fig.
A.
Helvola.
tab.
16.
fig.
17.
Ocellata.
Lister Conch. tab.
696.
fig.
43.
Pediculus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
39.
fig.
P.
Nucleus.
tab.
39.
fig.
1.
Staphylaea.
Born.
194.
tab.
viii.
fig.
18.
Cicercula.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
39.
fig.
K.
Globulus.
tab.
39.
fig.
N.
BULLA.
Ovum.
tab.
38.
fig.
Q.
Birostris.
Lister Conch. tab.
711.
fig.
66.
Verrucosa.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
38.
fig.
H.
Naucum.
tab.
27.
fig.
H.
Ampulla.
tab.
27.
fig.
G.
Pbysis.
Lister Conch, tab.
715.
fig.
75.
Amplustre.
Born. tab.
ix.
fig.
I.
Ficus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
K.
Rapa.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
E.
Terebellum.
tab.
36.
fig.
S.
Virginea.
Lister Conch. tab.
12.
fig.
7.
tab.
15.
fig.
10.
Achatina.
Born. tab.
x.
fig.
1. 2.
VOLUTA.
Auris Midae.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
33.
fig.
H. H.
Oliva.
tab.
39.
fig.
3.
Et Plurimae Variet. Vide
Born.
214. 215.
Gibbosa.?
Lister Conch. tab.
723.
fig.
10.
Hispidula.
Born. y. List. Conch. tab.
722.
fig.
9.
Bullata.
tab.
83.
fig.
11.
Dactylus.
tab.
812.
fig.
23.
Scabricula.
Gualt. tab.
53.
fig.
D.
Sanguisuga.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
29.
fig.
V.
Caffra.
Gualt. tab.
53.
fig.
E.
Vulpecula.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
29.
fig.
R.
Plicaria.
Gualt. tab.
54.
fig.
F.
Episcopalis.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
29.
fig.
K.
Mitra Papalis.
tab.
29.
fig.
I.
Capitellum.
Gualt. tab.
37.
fig.
A.
Muricata.
Martin Konch.
iii.
tab.
99.
Ceramica.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
24.
fig.
A.
tab.
49.
fig.
L.
Pyrum.
tab.
36.
fig.
7.
Aethiopica.
tab.
31.
fig.
B. A.
Olla.
Gualter. tab.
29.
fig.
A.
BUCCINUM.
*AMPULLACEAE.
Galea.
Rondel. Test. p.
106.
Perdix
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
C.
Pomum.
tab.
27.
fig.
B.
Sulcosum.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
68.
fig.
14. 15.
Dolium.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
A.
**CASSIDEA.
Echinophorum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
1.
Comutum.
tab.
23.
fig.
1.
Rufum.
tab.
23.
fig.
1.
Tuberosum.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
73.
fig.
10. 11.
Flammeum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
23.
fig.
2.
Pullus.
tab.
23.
fig.
C.
Areola.
tab.
25.
fig.
B. & 1.
Granulatum.
tab.
25.
fig.
C.
***CASSIDEA LABRO MURICATO.
Erinaceus.
tab.
25.
fig.
D. 6. 7.
Glaucum.
tab.
25.
fig
A.
Vibex.
tab.
25.
fig.
E.
Papillosum.
tab.
29.
fig.
M.
Glans.
tab.
29.
fig.
P.
****CALLOSA AD COLUM. REFLEXAM.
Arcularia.
tab.
27.
fig.
M.
*****COLUM. QUASI ABROSA, PAANA.
Harpa.
tab.
32.
fig.
K. L.
Persicum.
tab.
27.
fig.
E.
Smaragdulus.
Argenville, tab.
6.
fig.
P.
******GLABRA.
Spiratum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
49.
fig.
C. D.
Glabratum.
Argenville. tab.
9.
fig.
G.
*******ANGULATA.
Undosum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
29.
fig.
O.
Bezoar.
Argmville, tab.
15.
fig.
G.
********TURRITA, LAEVIA, SUBULATA.
Maculatum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
30.
fig.
A.
Subulatum.
tab.
30.
fig.
B.
Crenulatum.
tab.
30.
fig.
E.
Strigilatum.
tab.
30.
fig.
H.
Duplicatum.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
110.
Lanceatum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
30.
fig.
O.
Dimidiatum.
tab.
30.
fig.
C.
STROMBUS.
*DIGITATI.
Chiragra.
tab.
35.
fig.
A. B.
Scorpius.
tab.
36.
fig.
K.
Lambis.
tab.
35.
fig.
E. F. H.
Millepeda.
tab.
36.
fig.
I.
**LABRO LOBATO.
Lentiginosus.
tab.
37.
fig.
Q.
Gallus.
tab.
37.
fig.
5.
Auris Dianae.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
37.
fig.
R.
Luhuanus.
tab.
37.
fig.
S.
Gibberulus.
tab.
37.
fig.
V.
***LABRO AMPLIATO.
Epidromis.
tab.
36.
fig.
M.
Canarium.
tab.
36.
fig.
N.
Vittatus.
tab.
37.
fig.
X.
Urceus.
tab.
37.
fig.
T.
MUREX.
*SPINOSI.
Haustellum.
tab.
26.
fig.
E.
Tribulus.
tab.
26.
fig.
G.
Cornutus.
tab.
26.
fig.
5.
Brandaris.
tab.
26.
fig.
4.
**FRONDOSI.
Tripterus.
Martin Konch.
iii.
tab.
111.
fig.
1033.
Triqueter.
fig.
1038.
Ramosus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
26.
fig.
D.
Saxarilis.
tab.
26.
fig.
C. a.
***VARICOSI.
Rana.
tab.
26.
fig.
G.
el.
Varietas. Lister Conch. tab.
949.
fig.
44.
Lampas.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
28
fig.
C.
Olearium.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
289.
Femorale.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
26.
fig.
B.
Pyrum.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
26.
fig.
E.
Rubecula.
Gualt. tab.
49.
fig.
1.
Anus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
24.
fig.
F.
****ECHINATI SINE ROSTRO.
Hippocastanum.
tab.
24.
fig.
4.
Mancinella.
tab.
24.
fig.
5.
Ricinus.
tab.
24.
fig.
E.
Senticosus.
tab.
29.
fig.
N.
Melongena.
tab.
24.
fig.
E.
Rapiformis.
Lister Conch, tab.
894.
fig.
14.
Lacerus.
Idem. tab.
958.
fig.
11.
*****INERMES ROSTRO ELONGATO.
Babylonius
Rumph. Mus. tab.
29.
fig.
L.
Javanus.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
79.
Colus.
Rumph, Mus. tab.
29.
fig.
F.
Morio.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
357.
Cochlidium.
Argenville, tab.
9.
fig.
A.
Spirillus.
Martin Konch. tab.
115.
fig.
1069.
Aruanus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
28.
fig.
A.
Tritonis.
tab.
28.
fig.
B.
******TURRITI SUBULATI ROSTRO BREVI.
Vertagus.
tab.
30.
fig.
K.
Sulcatus.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
68.
Aluco.
Romph. Mus. tab.
30.
fig.
O.
Coronatus.
tab.
30.
fig.
N.
Radula.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
327.
TROCHUS.
*UMBILICATI.
Niloticus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
21.
fig.
A.
Maculatus.
tab.
21.
fig.
c.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
27. 28.
Perspectivus.
tab.
27.
fig.
L.
Solaris.
tab.
20.
fig.
K.
**IMPERFORATI.
Vestiarius.
Lister Conch. tab.
650. 51.
fig.
46. 48.
Labio.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
21.
fig.
E.
***TURRITI.
Telescopium.
tab.
21.
fig.
12.
TURBO.
*SOLIDI, IMERFORATI.
Cochlus.
tab.
19.
fig.
4.
Petholacus.
tab.
19.
fig.
D. 5. 6. 7.
Chrysostomus.
tab.
19.
fig.
E.
Pagodus.
tab.
21.
fig.
D.
Calcar.
tab.
20.
fig.
1.
Rugosus.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
12.
Marmoratus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
19.
fig.
A. B.
**PERFORATI, SOLIDI.
Pica.
tab.
21.
fig.
A.
Argyrostomus.
tab.
19.
fig.
3.
Margaritaceus?
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
11.
Delphinus.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
31.
Distortus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
20.
fig.
H.
Scalaris. Wentel-trap.
tab.
49.
fig.
A.
HELIX.
*TESTA ANCIPITI.
Scarabeus.
tab.
27.
fig.
1.
**ANFRACTIBUS CARINATIS.
Ringens.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
330. 331.
Carocolla.
Argenville, tab.
8.
fig.
D.
***UMBILICATAE ANFRACTIBUS ROTUNDIS.
Cornea.
Br. Zool.
iv.
tab.
83.
fig.
126.
Ampulkcea.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
Q.
Cretacea.
Born. tab.
xvi.
fig.
1. 2.
Ungulina.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
27.
fig.
R.
Janthina.
tab.
20.
fig.
2.
****OVATAE IMPERFORATAE.
Amarula.
tab.
33.
fig.
F. F.
Haliotoidea.
tab.
90.
fig.
R.
NERITA.
*UMBILICATAE.
Canrena.
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
228. 224. et
Argenville, tab.
7.
fig.
C.
Glaucina.
Brit. Zool.
iv.
tab.
87.
fig.
141.
Rufa.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
22.
fig.
D.
Vitellus.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
22.
fig.
A.
Albumen.
tab.
22.
fig.
B.
Mamilla.
tab.
22.
fig.
F.
**IMPERFORATAE, EDENTUTAE.
Cornea.
Argenville, tab.
7.
fig.
M.
***IMPERFORATAE, DENTATAE.
Pulligera.
Lister Conch. tab.
143.
fig.
37.
Pennata.
tab.
604.
fig.
29.
Polita. α.
tab.
600.
fig.
7.
β
Bonan.
iii.
fig.
221.
γ
Rumph. Mus tab.
22.
fig.
1.
Peloronta.
tab.
22.
fig.
K.
Albicilla.
tab.
22.
fig.
8.
Grossa.
tab.
22.
fig.
N.
Chamaleon.
tab.
22.
fig.
L.
Undata.
tab.
22.
fig.
4.
Exuvia.
tab.
22.
fig.
9.
HALIOTIS.
Midae.
Argenville, tab.
3.
fig.
A.
Striata.
Martin Konch.
i.
tab.
14.
fig.
138.
Marmorata.
Argenville, tab.
3.
fig.
B.
Asinina.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
40.
fig.
E. F.
PATELLA.
*LABIATAE.
Equestris.
tab.
40.
fig.
P. O.
**ANGULATAE.
Saccharina.
Rumph, Mus. tab.
40.
fig.
B.
***MUCRONATAE.
Lutea.
Born.
424.
tab.
17.
fig.
8.
****INTEGERRIMAE VERTICE OBTUSO.
Testudinaria.
Argenville, tab.
2.
fig.
P.
Radiata.
Born. tab.
18.
fig.
10.
Compressa.
Lister Conch. tab.
541.
fig.
25.
Fusca.
Bonan.
i.
fig.
4.
DENTALIUM.
Elephantimim.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
41.
fig.
1.
Dentalis.
tab.
41.
fig.
C.
Entalis.
Bonan.
i.
fig.
9.
Politum.
Gualt. tab.
10.
fig.
F.
Aprinum. LINNAEI.
Eburneum. LINNAEI.
SERPULA.
Lumbricalis.
Rumph. Mus. tab.
41.
fig.
1.
Polythalamia.
tab.
41.
fig.
D. E.
Arenaria.
tab.
41.
fig.
L.
Anguina.
tab.
41.
fig.
2.
Muricata.
tab.
41.
fig.
H.
Penis.
tab.
41.
fig.
7.
TEREDO.
Navalis.
Planc. Conch.
17. No 2.
SABELLA.
Scruposa. LINNAEI.
IV. LITHOPHYTA.
TUBIPORA.
Musica.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
144.
MADREPORA.
Fungites.
pag.
149.
Pileus.
Rumph. Amb.
vi. t. 88. f. 2. 3.
Labyrinthiformis.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
160. No 34.
Favosa.
pag.
167. No 61.
Polygama.
Amoen. Acad.
iv.
tab.
3.
fig.
15.
Fascicularis.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
151. No 5.
Porites.
pag.
172. No 77.
Damicornis.
Rumph. Amb.
vi.
tab.
86.
fig.
3.
Muricata.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
171. No 76.
Oculata.
Seb. Mus.
iii.
tab.
116.
fig.
1. 2.
Infundibuliformis.
Gualt. Test. tab.
42.
Fastigiata.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
152. No 8.
Ascillaris.
pag.
153. No 11.
Anthophyllites.
pag.
151. No 4.
Cristata.
pag.
158. No 27.
Aspera.
pag.
156. No 21.
Cinerascens.
pag.
157. No 26.
Daedalea.
pag.
163. No 43.
Scabrosa.
pag.
156. No 22.
MILLEPORA.
Alcicornis.
Sloan. Jam.
i.
tab.
17.
fig.
1.
Fascialis.
Ellis Cor. tab.
30.
fig.
A. a. b.
Cellulosa.
tab.
25.
fig.
D. d.
Polymorpha.
tab.
27.
fig.
C.
V. ZOOPHYTA. ISIS.
Hippuris.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
105. No 2.
Ochracea.
pag.
105. No l.
GORGONIA.
Abies.
pag.
103. No 6.
γ.
pag.
99. No 1.
Aenea.
Rumph. Amb.
vi.
tab.
80.
fig.
2.
Antipaches.
tab.
77.
Pectinata.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
85. No 9.
SPONGIA.
Flabelliformis.
Rumph. Amb.
vi.
tab.
80.
fig.
1.
Fistularis.
Sloan. Jam.
i.
tab.
24.
fig.
1.
Aculeata.
Rumph. Amb.
vi.
tab.
90.
fig.
2.
Tubulosa.
Seb. Mus,
iii.
tab.
97.
fig.
2.
Tomentosa.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
187. No 7.
SERTULARIA.
Pennaria.
Lin. Syst. pag.
1313. No 26.
Pennatula.
Ellis Zooph. pag.
56. No 31.
VORTICELLA.
Conglomerata.
Amoen. Acad.
iv.
tab.
3.
fig.
1.
FINIS.